[latexrefman-commits] [SCM] latexrefman updated: r1038 - trunk
Vincent Belaiche
INVALID.NOREPLY at gnu.org.ua
Fri Oct 8 20:07:54 CEST 2021
Author: vincentb1
Date: 2021-10-08 18:07:54 +0000 (Fri, 08 Oct 2021)
New Revision: 1038
Modified:
trunk/ChangeLog
trunk/latex2e-fr.texi
Log:
[fr] Math symbols, partially align on en.
* latex2e-fr.texi: Start page, give new URL
https://latexref.xyz/fr for the French version.
(Math symbols): Mention mathtools, as in current English version,
but fr still needs alignment. Add menu & create all sub-nodes.
(Math miscellany): Remove dots --- they have their own node.
(Arrows): Translate from en.
(\boldmath & \unboldmath, Blackboard bold, Dots, Greek letters):
Translate these nodes
Modified: trunk/ChangeLog
===================================================================
--- trunk/ChangeLog 2021-10-08 18:07:52 UTC (rev 1037)
+++ trunk/ChangeLog 2021-10-08 18:07:54 UTC (rev 1038)
@@ -1,5 +1,16 @@
2021-10-08 Vincent Bela\"iche <vincentb1 at users.sourceforge.net>
+ * latex2e-fr.texi: Start page, give new URL
+ https://latexref.xyz/fr for the French version.
+ (Math symbols): Mention mathtools, as in current English version,
+ but fr still needs alignment. Add menu & create all sub-nodes.
+ (Math miscellany): Remove dots --- they have their own node.
+ (Arrows): Translate from en.
+ (\boldmath & \unboldmath, Blackboard bold, Dots, Greek letters):
+ Translate these nodes
+
+2021-10-08 Vincent Bela\"iche <vincentb1 at users.sourceforge.net>
+
* latex2e-fr.texi (Accents): adjust \t text to make HTML output
not wrong --- propagate Jim's r1027.
Modified: trunk/latex2e-fr.texi
===================================================================
--- trunk/latex2e-fr.texi 2021-10-08 18:07:52 UTC (rev 1037)
+++ trunk/latex2e-fr.texi 2021-10-08 18:07:54 UTC (rev 1038)
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@
href='https://ctan.org/topic/tut-latex'>cette liste</a>.</p>
<p>Ce manuel a deux versions. L'un a <a
-href="https://latexref.xyz/latex2e-help-texinfo-tree/latex2e-fr/index.html">des
+href="https://latexref.xyz/fr/index.html">des
pages web séparées pour chaque rubrique</a>. Il est aussi
disponible comme <a href="https://latexref.xyz/dev/latex2e-fr.html">une
seule page web</a> et comme un <a
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@
@titlepage
@title @LaTeX{}2e: Un manuel de référence officieux
@subtitle @value{UPDATED}
- at author @url{@value{LTXREFMAN_HOME_PAGE}}
+ at author @url{@value{LTXREFMAN_HOME_PAGE}/fr}
@page
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
@insertcopying
@@ -13012,9 +13012,11 @@
@BES{‖,\Vert} Double barre verticale (ordinaire). Similaire : barre
verticale simple @code{\vert}.
-Pour une norme vous pouvez utiliser le paquetage @package{mathtools} et
-ajouter @code{\DeclarePairedDelimiter\norm@{\lVert@}@{\rVert@}} à votre
-préambule. Ceci vous donne trois variantes de commande pour faire des
+ at PkgIndex{mathtools}
+Le paquetage @package{mathtools} vous permet de créer des commandes pour
+des délimiteurs appairés. Par ex., si vous mettez
+ at code{\DeclarePairedDelimiter\norm@{\lVert@}@{\rVert@}} dans votre
+préambule, ceci vous donne trois variantes de commande pour faire des
barres verticales correctement espacées horizontalement : si dans le
corps du document vous écrivez la version étoilée
@code{$\norm*@{M^\perp@}$} alors la hauteur des barres verticales
@@ -13067,6 +13069,725 @@
@end ftable
+ at menu
+* Arrows:: Liste de flèches.
+* \boldmath & \unboldmath:: Symboles en caractères gras.
+* Blackboard bold:: Caractères évidés.
+* Calligraphic:: Charactères cursifs.
+* Delimiters:: Parenthèses, accolades, etc.
+* Dots:: Points de suspension, etc.
+* Greek letters:: Liste des lettres grecques.
+ at end menu
+
+
+ at node Arrows
+ at subsection Flèches
+
+ at cindex flèches
+ at cindex symboles, flèches
+ at findex math, flèches
+
+ at PkgIndex{amsfonts}
+ at PkgIndex{latexsym}
+Voici les flèches disponibles en standard avec @LaTeX{}. Les paquetages
+ at package{latexsym} et @package{amsfonts} en contiennent beaucoup plus.
+
+ at multitable @columnfractions .10 .40 .50
+ at headitem Symbole at tab Commande at tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⇓,\Downarrow} @tab @code{\Downarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↓,\downarrow} @tab @code{\downarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↩,\hookleftarrow} @tab @code{\hookleftarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↪,\hookrightarrow} @tab @code{\hookrightarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{←,\leftarrow} @tab @code{\leftarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⇐,\Leftarrow} @tab @code{\Leftarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⇔,\Leftrightarrow} @tab @code{\Leftrightarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↔,\leftrightarrow} @tab @code{\leftrightarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⟵,\longleftarrow} @tab @code{\longleftarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⟸,\Longleftarrow} @tab @code{\Longleftarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⟷,\longleftrightarrow} @tab @code{\longleftrightarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⟺,\Longleftrightarrow} @tab @code{\Longleftrightarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⟼,\longmapsto} @tab @code{\longmapsto} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⟹,\Longrightarrow} @tab @code{\Longrightarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⟶,\longrightarrow} @tab @code{\longrightarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↦,\mapsto} @tab @code{\mapsto} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↗,\nearrow} @tab @code{\nearrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↖,\nwarrow} @tab @code{\nwarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⇒,\Rightarrow} @tab @code{\Rightarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{→,\rightarrow} @tab @code{\rightarrow}, or @code{\to} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↘,\searrow} @tab @code{\searrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↙,\swarrow} @tab @code{\swarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↑,\uparrow} @tab @code{\uparrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⇑,\Uparrow} @tab @code{\Uparrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{↕,\updownarrow} @tab @code{\updownarrow} @tab
+ at item
+ at BES{⇕,\Updownarrow} @tab @code{\Updownarrow} @tab
+ at end multitable
+
+Un exemple de la différence entre @code{\to} et @code{\mapsto} est :
+ at code{\( f\colon D\to C \) given by \( n\mapsto n^2 \)}.
+
+ at PkgIndex{amscd}
+ at PkgIndex{tikz-cd}
+Pour faire des diagrammes cumulatifs il y a de nombreux paquetages, parmi lesquels
+ at package{tikz-cd} et @package{amscd}.
+
+
+ at node \boldmath & \unboldmath
+ at subsection @code{\boldmath} & @code{\unboldmath}
+
+ at cindex gras, caractères, en mathematiques
+ at cindex symboles, en cractères gras
+ at findex \boldmath
+ at findex \unboldmath
+
+Synopsis (utilisé en mode paragraphe ou mode LR) :
+
+ at example
+\boldmath \( @var{math} \)
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+ou
+
+ at example
+\unboldmath \( @var{math} \)
+ at end example
+
+ at findex \boldmath
+ at findex \unboldmath
+Ce sont des déclarations pour mettre en caractères gras les lettres et
+symboles dans @var{math}, ou pour contredire cela et revenir à la
+graisse normale (non-gras) utilisée par défaut. Elles ne doivent être
+utilisées ni en mode math, ni en mode math hors texte
+(@pxref{Modes}). Les deux commandes sont fragiles (@pxref{\protect}).
+
+Voici un exemple dans lequel chaque commande @code{\boldmath} a lieu au
+sein d'une @code{\mbox} :
+
+ at example
+on a $\mbox@{\boldmath \( v \)@} = 5\cdot\mbox@{\boldmath \( u \)$@}$
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+ce qui signifie que @code{\boldmath} est seulement utilisé dans un mode
+texte, en l'occurrence le mode LR, et explique pourquoi @LaTeX{} doit
+basculer en mode math pour composer @code{v} et @code{u}.
+
+Si vous utilisez l'une ou l'autre des ces commande en mode math, comme
+dans @code{Échec : \( \boldmath x \)}, alors vous obtenez quelque-chose du
+genre de @samp{LaTeX Font Warning: Command \boldmath invalid in math
+mode on input line 11} et @samp{LaTeX Font Warning: Command \mathversion
+invalid in math mode on input line 11}.
+
+ at PkgIndex{bm}
+La commande @code{\boldmath} est problématique par bien des aspects. Les
+nouveaux documents devraient utiliser le paquetage @package{bm} fourni
+par l'équipe du projet @LaTeX{}. Une description complète est hors du
+champ d'application de ce manuel (voir la documentation complète sur le
+CTAN) mais le petit exemple suivant :
+
+ at example
+\usepackage@{bm@} % dans le préambule
+...
+on a $\bm@{v@} = 5\cdot\bm@{u@}$
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+illustre déjà que c'est une amélioration par rapport à @code{\boldmath}.
+
+
+ at node Blackboard bold
+ at subsection Pseudo-gras avec des lettres évidées
+
+ at cindex évidées, lettres
+ at cindex évidées, lettres grasses
+
+Synopsis :
+
+ at example
+\usepackage@{amssymb@} % dans le préambule
+ ...
+\mathbb@{@var{lettre-capitale}@}
+ at end example
+
+Fournit les lettres mathématiques évidées utilisées traditionnellement
+pour noter les noms d'ensembles, comme les entiers naturels, relatifs,
+etc.
+ at c { Dans la version française seulement
+Le nom @code{\mathbb} vient de « @b{b}lackboard @b{b}old @b{math} »
+qu'on pourrait traduire par @dfn{caractères mathématiques gras
+scolaires}.
+ at c }
+
+Dans l'exmple suivant :
+
+ at example
+\( \forall n \in \mathbb@{N@}, n^2 \geq 0 \)
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+le @code{\mathbb@{N@}} donne le symbole gras scolaire
+ at BES{ℕ,\mathbbN}, représentant les entiers naturels.
+
+Si vous utilisez autre chose qu'une lettre capitale alors aucune erreur
+n'est produite, mais vous obtiendrez des résultats étranges, y compris
+des caractères inattendus.
+
+Il y a des paquetage donnant accès à des symboles autres que les lettres
+capitable ; voir sur le CTAN.
+
+
+ at node Calligraphic
+ at subsection Calligraphic
+
+ at cindex calligraphic fonts
+ at cindex script fonts
+ at cindex fonts, script
+
+Synopsis:
+
+ at example
+\mathcal@{@var{uppercase-letters}@}
+ at end example
+
+Use a script-like font.
+
+In this example the graph identifier is output in a cursive font.
+
+ at example
+Let the graph be \( \mathcal@{G@} \).
+ at end example
+
+If you use something other than an uppercase letter then you do not get
+an error but you also do not get math calligraphic output. For instance,
+ at code{\mathcal@{g@}} outputs a close curly brace symbol.
+
+
+ at node Delimiters
+ at subsection Delimiters
+
+ at cindex delimiters
+ at cindex parentheses
+ at cindex braces
+ at cindex curly braces
+ at cindex brackets
+
+Delimiters are parentheses, braces, or other characters used to mark
+the start and end of subformulas. This formula has three sets of
+parentheses delimiting the three subformulas.
+
+ at example
+(z-z_0)^2 = (x-x_0)^2 + (y-y_0)^2
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+The delimiters do not need to match, so you can enter @code{\( [0,1) \)}.
+
+Here are the common delimiters:
+
+ at multitable @columnfractions .11 .20 .40 .29
+ at headitem Delimiteur at tab Commande at tab Nom
+ at item
+( @tab @code{(} @tab Left parenthesis
+ at item
+) @tab @code{)} @tab Right parenthesis
+ at item
+\@} @tab @code{@{} or @code{\lbrace} @tab Left brace
+ at item
+\@{ @tab @code{@}} or @code{\rbrace} @tab Right brace
+ at item
+[ @tab @code{[} or @code{\lbrack} @tab Left bracket
+ at item
+] @tab @code{]} or @code{\rbrack} @tab Right bracket
+ at item
+ at BES{⌊,\lfloor} @tab @code{\lfloor} @tab Left floor bracket
+ at item
+ at BES{⌋,\rfloor} @tab @code{\rfloor} @tab Right floor bracket
+ at item
+ at BES{⌈,\lceil} @tab @code{\lceil} @tab Left ceiling bracket
+ at item
+ at BES{⌉,\rceil} @tab @code{\rceil} @tab Right ceiling bracket
+ at item
+ at BES{⟨,\langle} @tab @code{\langle} @tab Left angle bracket
+ at item
+ at BES{⟩,\rangle} @tab @code{\rangle} @tab Right angle bracket
+ at item
+/ @tab @code{/} @tab Slash, or forward slash
+ at item
+\ @tab @code{\backslash} @tab Reverse slash, or backslash
+ at item
+| @tab @code{|} or @code{\vert} @tab Vertical bar
+ at item
+ at BES{‖,\|} @tab @code{\|} or @code{\Vert} @tab Double vertical bar
+ at end multitable
+
+ at PkgIndex{mathtools}
+The @package{mathtools} package allows you to create commands for paired
+delimiters. For instance, if you put
+ at code{\DeclarePairedDelimiter\abs@{\lvert@}@{\rvert@}} in your preamble
+then you get two commands for single-line vertical bars (they only work
+in math mode). The starred version, such as
+ at code{\abs*@{\frac@{22@}@{7@}@}}, has the height of the vertical bars
+match the height of the argument. The unstarred version, such as
+ at code{\abs@{\frac@{22@}@{7@}@}}, has the bars fixed at a default height.
+This version accepts an optional argument, as in @code{\abs[@var{size
+command}]@{\frac@{22@}@{7@}@}}, where the height of the bars is given in
+ at var{size command}, such as @code{\Bigg}. Using @code{\lVert} and
+ at code{\rVert} as the symbols will give you a norm symbol with the same
+behavior.
+
+ at menu
+* \left & \right:: Automatically sized delimiters.
+* \bigl & \bigr etc.:: Manually sized delimiters.
+ at end menu
+
+
+ at node \left & \right
+ at subsubsection @code{\left} & @code{\right}
+
+ at cindex delimiters, paired
+ at cindex paired delimiters
+ at cindex matching parentheses
+ at cindex matching brackets
+ at cindex null delimiter
+ at findex \left
+ at findex \right
+
+ at c Credit: SE userPhilipp https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/12793
+
+Synopsis:
+
+ at example
+\left @var{delimiter1} ... \right @var{delimiter2}
+ at end example
+
+Make matching parentheses, braces, or other delimiters. @LaTeX{} makes
+the delimiters tall enough to just cover the size of the formula that
+they enclose.
+
+This makes a unit vector surrounded by parentheses tall enough to cover
+the entries.
+
+ at example
+\begin@{equation@}
+ \left(\begin@{array@}@{c@}
+ 1 \\
+ 0 \\
+ \end@{array@}\right)
+\end@{equation@}
+ at end example
+
+ at xref{Delimiters}, for a list of the common delimiters.
+
+Every @code{\left} must have a matching @code{\right}. In the above
+example, leaving out the @code{\left(} gets the error message
+ at samp{Extra \right}. Leaving out the @code{\right)} gets @samp{You
+can't use `\eqno' in math mode}.
+
+ at PkgIndex{amsmath}
+ at PkgIndex{mathtools}
+However, @var{delimiter1} and @var{delimiter2} need not match. A common
+case is that you want an unmatched brace, as below. Use a period,
+ at samp{.}, as a null delimiter.
+
+ at example
+\begin@{equation@}
+ f(n)=\left\@{\begin@{array@}@{ll@}
+ 1 &\mbox@{--if \(n=0\)@} \\
+ f(n-1)+3n^2 &\mbox@{--else@}
+ \end@{array@}\right.
+\end@{equation@}
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+Note that to get a curly brace as a delimiter you must prefix it with a
+backslash, @code{\@{}. (The packages @package{amsmath} and
+ at package{mathtools} allow you to get the above construct through in a
+ at code{cases} environment.)
+
+The @code{\left ... \right} pair make a group. One consequence is that
+the formula enclosed in the @code{\left ... \right} pair cannot have
+line breaks in the output. This includes both manual line breaks and
+ at LaTeX{}-generated automatic ones. In this example, @LaTeX{} breaks the
+equation to make the formula fit the margins.
+
+ at example
+Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
+\( (a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i+j+k+l+m+n+o+p+q+r+s+t+u+v+w+x+y+z) \)
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+But with @code{\left} and @code{\right}
+
+ at example
+Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
+\( \left(a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i+j+k+l+m+n+o+p+q+r+s+t+u+v+w+x+y+z\right) \)
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+ at LaTeX{} won't break the line, causing the formula to extend into the
+margin.
+
+Because @code{\left ... \right} make a group, all the usual grouping
+rules hold. Here, the value of @code{\testlength} set inside the
+equation will be forgotten, and the output is @samp{1.2pt}.
+
+ at example
+\newlength@{\testlength@} \setlength@{\testlength@}@{1.2pt@}
+\begin@{equation@}
+ \left( a+b=c \setlength@{\testlength@}@{3.4pt@} \right)
+ \the\testlength
+\end@{equation@}
+ at end example
+
+The @code{\left ... \right} pair affect the horizontal spacing of the
+enclosed formula, in two ways. The first is that in @code{\( \sin(x) =
+\sin\left(x\right) \)} the one after the equals sign has more space
+around the @code{x}. That's because @code{\left( ... \right)} inserts
+an inner node while @code{( ... )} inserts an opening node. The second
+way that the pair affect the horizontal spacing is that because they
+form a group, the enclosed subformula will be typeset at its natural
+width, with no stretching or shrinking to make the line fit better.
+
+ at TeX{} scales the delimiters according to the height and depth of the
+contained formula. Here @LaTeX{} grows the brackets to extend the full
+height of the integral.
+
+ at example
+\begin@{equation@}
+ \left[ \int_@{x=r_0@}^@{\infty@} -G\frac@{Mm@}@{r^2@}\, dr \right]
+\end@{equation@}
+ at end example
+
+Manual sizing is often better. For instance, although below the rule
+has no depth, @TeX{} will create delimiters that extend far below the
+rule.
+
+ at example
+\begin@{equation@}
+ \left( \rule@{1pt@}@{1cm@} \right)
+\end@{equation@}
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+ at TeX{} can choose delimiters that are too small, as in @code{\( \left|
+|x|+|y| \right| \)}. It can also choose delimiters that are too large,
+as here.
+
+ at example
+\begin@{equation@}
+ \left( \sum_@{0\leq i<n@} i^k \right)
+\end@{equation@}
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+A third awkward case is when a long displayed formula is on more than
+one line and you must match the sizes of the opening and closing
+delimiter; you can't use @code{\left} on the first line and
+ at code{\right} on the last because they must be paired.
+
+To size the delimiters manually, see at tie{}@ref{\bigl & \bigr etc.}.
+
+
+ at node \bigl & \bigr etc.
+ at subsubsection @code{\bigl}, @code{\bigr}, etc.
+
+Synopsis, l'un parmi :
+
+ at example
+\bigl at var{delimiter1} ... \bigr at var{delimiter2}
+\Bigl at var{delimiter1} ... \bigr at var{delimiter2}
+\biggl at var{delimiter1} ... \biggr at var{delimiter2}
+\Biggl at var{delimiter1} ... \Biggr at var{delimiter2}
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+(as with @code{\bigl[...\bigr]}; strictly speaking they need not be
+paired, see below), or one of:
+
+ at example
+\bigm at var{delimiter}
+\Bigm at var{delimiter}
+\biggm at var{delimiter}
+\Biggm at var{delimiter}
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+(as with @code{\bigm|}), or one of:
+
+ at example
+\big at var{delimiter}
+\Big at var{delimiter}
+\bigg at var{delimiter}
+\Bigg at var{delimiter}
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+(as with @code{\big[}).
+
+Produce manually-sized delimiters. For delimiters that are
+automatically sized see at tie{}@ref{\left & \right}).
+
+This produces slightly larger outer vertical bars.
+
+ at example
+ \bigl| |x|+|y| \bigr|
+ at end example
+
+The commands above are listed in order of increasing size. You can use
+the smallest size such as @code{\bigl...\bigr} in a paragraph without
+causing @LaTeX{} to spread the lines apart. The larger sizes are meant
+for displayed equations.
+
+ at xref{Delimiters}, for a list of the common delimiters. In the family of
+commands with @samp{l} and @samp{r}, @var{delimiter1} and
+ at var{delimiter2} need not be the same.
+
+The @samp{l} and @samp{r} commands produce open and close delimiters
+that insert no horizontal space between a preceding atom and the
+delimiter, while the commands without @samp{l} and @samp{r} insert some
+space (because each delimiter is set as an ordinary variable). Compare
+these two.
+
+ at c credit: Martin Heller https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/1234
+ at example
+\begin@{tabular@}@{l@}
+ \(\displaystyle \sin\biggl(\frac@{1@}@{2@}\biggr) \) \\ % good
+ \(\displaystyle \sin\bigg(\frac@{1@}@{2@}\bigg) \) \\ % bad
+\end@{tabular@}
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+The traditional typographic treatment is on the first line. On the
+second line the output will have some extra space between the
+ at code{\sin} and the open parenthesis.
+
+Commands without @samp{l} or at tie{}@samp{r} do give correct spacing in
+some circumstances, as with this large vertical line
+
+ at example
+\begin@{equation@}
+ \int_@{x=a@}^b x^2\,dx = \frac@{1@}@{3@} x^3 \Big|_@{x=a@}^b
+\end@{equation@}
+ at end example
+
+ at PkgIndex{amsmath}
+ at noindent
+(many authors would replace @code{\frac} with the @code{\tfrac} command
+from the @package{amsmath} package), and as with this larger slash.
+
+ at example
+\begin@{equation@}
+ \lim_@{n\to\infty@}\pi(n) \big/ (n/\log n) = 1
+\end@{equation@}
+ at end example
+
+Unlike the @code{\left...\right} pair (@pxref{\left & \right}), the
+commands here with @samp{l} and at tie{}@samp{r} do not make a group.
+Strictly speaking they need not be matched so you can write something
+like this.
+
+ at example
+\begin@{equation@}
+ \Biggl[ \pi/6 ]
+\end@{equation@}
+ at end example
+
+The commands with @samp{m} are for relations, which are in the middle of
+formulas, as here.
+
+ at example
+\begin@{equation@}
+ \biggl\@{ a\in B \biggm| a=\sum_@{0\leq i<n@}3i^2+4 \biggr\@}
+\end@{equation@}
+ at end example
+
+ at c xx Add discussion \bigg\mid not being good
+ at c and \bigg| being right; maybe mention of \middle and braket package?
+
+
+ at node Dots
+ at subsection Points de suspensions, horizontaux ou verticaux
+
+ at cindex points de suspension
+
+Les points de suspension sont les trois points (habituellement trois)
+indiquant qu'un motif se prolonge.
+
+ at example
+\begin@{array@}@{cccc@}
+ a_@{0,0@} &a_@{0,1@} &a_@{0,2@} &\ldots \\
+ a_@{1,0@} &\ddots \\
+ \vdots
+\end@{array@}
+ at end example
+
+ at LaTeX{} fournit ces types de points de suspension :
+
+ at ftable @code
+ at anchor{ellipses cdots}
+ at item \cdots
+
+
+Des points de suspension horizontaux élevés au centre de la ligne, comme
+dans @BES{⋯,\cdots}. Utilisés comme dans : @code{\( a_0\cdot a_1\cdots
+a_@{n-1@} \)}.
+
+ at anchor{ellipses ddots}
+ at item \ddots
+Des points de suspension en diagonale, @BES{⋱,\ddots}. Voir l'exemple
+plus haut d'un tableau @code{array} pour une utilisation.
+
+ at anchor{ellipses ldots}
+ at item \ldots
+Points de suspension sur la ligne de base, @BES{…,\ldots}. Utilisés
+comme dans : @code{\( x_0,\ldots x_@{n-1@} \)}. Un autre exemple est le
+tableau @code{array} donné plus haut. Un synonyme est
+ at code{\mathellipsis}. Un synonyme du paquetage @package{amsmath} est
+ at code{\hdots}.
+
+Vous pouvez également utiliser cette commande en dehors du mode math,
+comme dans @code{La boîte de vitesse, les freins, \ldots@{@} tout est
+cassé}. (En mode paragraphe ou en mode LR un synonyme de @code{\ldots}
+est @code{\dots}).
+
+ at anchor{ellipses vdots}
+ at item \vdots
+Points de suspension alignés verticalement, @BES{⋮,\vdots}. Voir
+l'exemple plus haut avec un @code{array} pour une utilisation possible.
+
+ at end ftable
+
+ at PkgIndex{amsmath}
+Le paquetage @package{amsmath} a la commande @code{\dots} pour baliser
+sémantiquement les points de suspension. L'exemple suivant produit deux
+sorties d'aspects distincts pour les deux premiers usage de la commande
+ at code{\dots}.
+
+ at example
+\usepackage@{amsmath@} % dans le préambule
+ ...
+Supposons que \( p_0, p_1, \dots, p_@{n-1@} \) soit la liste de tous les nombres premiers.
+On remarque que \( p_0\cdot p_1 \dots \cdot p_@{n-1@} +1 \) n'est pas un
+multiple de l'un quelconque des \( p_i \).
+Conclusion : il y a un nombre infini de nombres premiers \( p_0, p_1, \dotsc \).
+ at end example
+
+ at noindent
+Dans la première ligne @LaTeX{} regarde la virgule suivant @code{\dots}
+pour déterminer qu'il devrait produire en sortie des points de
+suspension sur la ligne de base. La seconde ligne a un @code{\cdot} qui
+suit @code{\dots} alors @LaTeX{} produit des points de suspension sur
+l'axe mathématique, verticalement centrés. Toutefois, le troisième
+usage n'a aucun caractère de suivi, aussi vous devez indiquer à @LaTeX{}
+que faire. Vous pouvez utiliser l'une des commandes : @code{\dotsc} si
+vous avez besoin de points de suspension
+ appropriés pour suivre une
+virgule, @code{\dotsb} si vous avez des points de suspension qui
+conviennent quand il y a ensuite un opérateur ou un symbole de relation,
+ at code{\dotsi} pour les points de suspension utilisés avec des
+intégrales, ou @code{\dotso} pour les autres cas.
+
+
+ at node Greek letters
+ at subsection Lettres grecques
+
+ at cindex Greek letters
+
+On ne donne les versions en capitale de ces lettres grecques que lorsque
+elle sont distinctes des lettres romaines capitales.
+
+ at multitable @columnfractions .10 .30 .15 .45
+ at headitem Symbole at tab Commande at tab Nom at tab
+ at item
+ at BES{α,\alpha}@tab @code{\alpha}@tab Alpha
+ at item
+ at BES{β,\beta}@tab @code{\beta}@tab Beta
+ at item
+ at BES{γ,\gamma}, @BES{Γ,\Gamma}@tab @code{\gamma}, @code{\Gamma}@tab Gamma
+ at item
+ at BES{δ,\delta}, @BES{Δ,\Delta}@tab @code{\delta}, @code{\Delta}@tab Delta
+ at item
+ at BES{ε,\varepsilon}, @BES{ϵ,\epsilon}@tab
+ @code{\varepsilon}, @code{\epsilon}@tab Epsilon
+ at item
+ at BES{ζ,\zeta}@tab @code{\zeta}@tab Zeta
+ at item
+ at BES{η,\eta}@tab @code{\eta}@tab Eta
+ at item
+ at BES{θ,\theta}, @BES{ϑ,\vartheta}@tab @code{\theta}, @code{\vartheta}@tab
+ Theta
+ at item
+ at BES{ι,\iota}@tab @code{\iota}@tab Iota
+ at item
+ at BES{κ,\kappa}@tab @code{\kappa}@tab Kappa
+ at item
+ at BES{λ,\lambda}, @BES{Λ,\Lambda}@tab @code{\lambda}, @code{\Lambda}@tab
+ Lambda
+ at item
+ at BES{μ,\mu}@tab @code{\mu}@tab Mu
+ at item
+ at BES{ν,\nu}@tab @code{\nu}@tab Nu
+ at item
+ at BES{ξ,\xi}, @BES{Ξ,\Xi}@tab @code{\xi}, @code{\Xi}@tab Xi
+ at item
+ at BES{π,\pi}, @BES{Π,\Pi}@tab @code{\pi}, @code{\Pi}@tab Pi
+ at item
+ at BES{ρ,\rho}, @BES{ϱ,\varrho}@tab @code{\rho}, @code{\varrho}@tab Rho
+ at item
+ at BES{σ,\sigma}, @BES{Σ,\Sigma}@tab @code{\sigma}, @code{\Sigma}@tab Sigma
+ at item
+ at BES{τ,\tau}@tab @code{\tau}@tab Tau
+ at item
+ at BES{ϕ,\phi}, @BES{φ,\varphi}, @BES{Φ,\Phi}@tab
+ @code{\phi}, @code{\varphi}, @code{\Phi}@tab Phi
+ at item
+ at BES{χ,\chi}@tab @code{\chi}@tab chi
+ at item
+ at BES{ψ,\psi}, @BES{Ψ,\Psi}@tab @code{\psi}, @code{\Psi}@tab Psi
+ at item
+ at BES{ω,\omega}, @BES{Ω,\Omega}@tab @code{\omega}, @code{\Omega}@tab Omega
+ at end multitable
+
+ at PkgIndex{unicode-math}
+Pour omicron, si vous utiliser la fonte par défaut de @LaTeX{} Computer
+Modern alors saisissez omicron juste comme @samp{o} ou @samp{O}. Si
+vous désirez avoir le nom ou si votre fonte affiche une différence alors
+vous pouvez utiliser quelque-chose du genre de
+ at code{\newcommand\omicron@{o@}}. Le paquetage @package{unicode-math}
+comprend @code{\upomicron} pour un omicron droit et @code{\mitomicron}
+pour l'italique mathématique.
+
+Alors que le symbole de relation d'appartenance à un ensemble
+ at BES{∈,\in} généré par @code{\in} est similaire à epsilon, il n'est
+jamais utilisé pour une variable.
+
+
@node Math functions
@section Fonctions mathématiques
@cindex fonctions mathématiques
@@ -13785,15 +14506,6 @@
égal à zéro.
@end indentedblock
- at item \cdots
-Des points de suspension élevés au centre de la ligne.
- at tex
-Comme dans : `$\cdots$'.
- at end tex
-
- at item \ddots
-Des points de suspension en diagonale : @math{\ddots}.
-
@item \frac@{@var{num}@}@{@var{dén}@}
@findex \frac
Produit la fraction @var{num} divisé par @var{dén}.
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