LaTeX can't find any files

[xigoi at disroot.org]

Hello,

I've installed TeXLive on a quite new installation of Debian, but when I 
try to compile anything, it gives the following message:

! LaTeX Error: File `article.cls' not found.

If I manually copy article.cls next to the file I'm compiling, it will 
complain that it can't find some other files that are part of the LaTeX 
installation. kpsewhich article.cls doesn't return anything.

I've tried installing TeXLive both through the system package manager 
(apt) and manually, this problem occurs in both cases. I've also looked 
in various config files and debug logs, but couldn't find anything 
unusual.

Thanks for any help,
Adam Blažek