texlive[69221] trunk: latexmk (26dec23)

commits+karl at tug.org commits+karl at tug.org
Tue Dec 26 22:04:28 CET 2023


Revision: 69221
          https://tug.org/svn/texlive?view=revision&revision=69221
Author:   karl
Date:     2023-12-26 22:04:28 +0100 (Tue, 26 Dec 2023)
Log Message:
-----------
latexmk (26dec23)

Modified Paths:
--------------
    trunk/Build/source/texk/texlive/linked_scripts/latexmk/latexmk.pl
    trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/man/man1/latexmk.1
    trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/man/man1/latexmk.man1.pdf
    trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/CHANGES
    trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/INSTALL
    trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/README
    trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/example_rcfiles/glossaries_latexmkrc
    trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/example_rcfiles/glossary_latexmkrc
    trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/latexmk.pdf
    trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/latexmk.txt
    trunk/Master/texmf-dist/scripts/latexmk/latexmk.pl

Modified: trunk/Build/source/texk/texlive/linked_scripts/latexmk/latexmk.pl
===================================================================
--- trunk/Build/source/texk/texlive/linked_scripts/latexmk/latexmk.pl	2023-12-26 21:02:15 UTC (rev 69220)
+++ trunk/Build/source/texk/texlive/linked_scripts/latexmk/latexmk.pl	2023-12-26 21:04:28 UTC (rev 69221)
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env perl
 use warnings;
 
+
+
 ## Copyright John Collins 1998-2023
 ##           (username jcc8 at node psu.edu)
 ##      (and thanks to David Coppit (username david at node coppit.org) 
@@ -40,10 +42,14 @@
 ##             20 = probable bug
 ##             or retcode from called program.
 
-$my_name = 'latexmk';
-$My_name = 'Latexmk';
-$version_num = '4.81';
-$version_details = "$My_name, John Collins, 6 Nov. 2023. Version $version_num";
+BEGIN {
+    # Make sure the following are available when printing diagnostics in BEGIN
+    # blocks.
+    $my_name = 'latexmk';
+    $My_name = 'Latexmk';
+    $version_num = '4.82';
+    $version_details = "$My_name, John Collins, 24 Dec. 2023. Version $version_num";
+}
 
 use Config;
 use File::Basename;
@@ -81,9 +87,25 @@
 use Cwd "chdir";    # Ensure $ENV{PWD}  tracks cwd.
 use Digest::MD5;
 
-# **WARNING**: Don't import time; that overrides core function time(), and messes up
-#  somethings
+our %HiRes_non_imports;
 use Time::HiRes;
+BEGIN {
+    # Import some HiRes functions to override standard ones.
+    # However, Time::HiRes's documentation says that some of its functions
+    # may be unimplemented on some systems.
+    # So take precautions in case the ones I need aren't implemented.
+    # I must do the import in a BEGIN block, i.e., during compilation
+    # phase, else calls to time() etc get compiled to use std time(), i.e.,
+    # CORE::time(), instead of the HiRes versions.
+    %HiRes_non_imports = ();
+    foreach ( ( qw( time stat sleep ) ) ) {
+        if ( ! eval{ Time::HiRes->import($_);  1; } ) {
+            $HiRes_non_imports{$_} = 1;
+            warn "$My_name: Cannot import Time::HiRes::$_ on this system\n",
+                "$@";
+        }
+    }
+}
 
 #################################################
 #
@@ -365,6 +387,14 @@
 # Use to limit number of (potentially) wrapped lines to combine into single line.
 $max_log_construct = 600;
 
+# Whether to search for ^^ notation in log file for non-7-bit characters,
+# and convert to bytes.  (Note: ^^ notation is produced by hilatex in
+# TeXLive 2023, and by pdflatex in MiKTeX 22.1 if no special option is
+# used (-enable-8bit-chars).  (Also pdflatex in TeXLive 2023 (and earlier)
+# gives it if -translate-file=empty is used.)
+# Should also do same with aux files, but I've not done that yet. ????
+# fls file is always UTF-8.
+$conv_hathat = 1;
 
 #########################################################################
 ## Default parsing and file-handling settings
@@ -483,10 +513,11 @@
 $tex_distribution = '';
 
 # List of known *latex rules:
-%possible_primaries = ( 'dvilualatex'  => 'primary', 'latex'  => 'primary',
+%possible_primaries = ( 'dvilualatex'  => 'primary', 'hilatex'  => 'primary',
+                        'latex'  => 'primary',
                         'lualatex'  => 'primary', 'pdflatex'  => 'primary',
                         'xelatex'  => 'primary' );
-&std_tex_cmds;
+std_tex_cmds();
 
 # Possible code to execute by *latex before inputting source file.
 # Not used by default.
@@ -493,6 +524,7 @@
 $pre_tex_code = '';
 
 ## Default switches:
+$hilatex_default_switches = '';
 $latex_default_switches = '';
 $pdflatex_default_switches = '';
 $dvilualatex_default_switches = '';
@@ -502,6 +534,7 @@
 $xelatex_default_switches = '-no-pdf';
 
 ## Switch(es) to make them silent:
+$hilatex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
 $latex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
 $pdflatex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
 $dvilualatex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
@@ -533,6 +566,15 @@
 # Possible extensions for main output file of *latex:
 %allowed_output_ext = ( ".dvi" => 1, ".xdv" => 1, ".pdf" => 1 );
 
+# Extensions etc, of special use by latexmk
+$save_error_suffix = '-SAVE-ERROR';  # Suffix to be added to filename, when an
+                          # erroneous file is saved insted of being deleted.
+$fdb_ext = 'fdb_latexmk'; # Extension for the file for latexmk's
+                          # file-database
+                          # Make it long to avoid possible collisions.
+$fdb_ver = 4;             # Version number for kind of fdb_file.
+
+
 # Variables relevant to specifying cleanup.
 # The first set of variables is intended to be user configurable.
 #
@@ -564,7 +606,8 @@
 #   bbl files get special treatment because their deletion is conditional
 #       and because of the possibility of extra bibtex/biber rules with
 #       non-standard basename.
- at generated_exts = ( 'aux', 'bcf', 'fls', 'idx', 'ind', 'lof', 'lot', 
+ at generated_exts = ( 'aux', 'bcf', 'bcf'.$save_error_suffix, 'fls',
+                    'idx', 'ind', 'lof', 'lot',  
                     'out', 'run.xml', 'toc',
                     'blg', 'ilg', 'log',
                     'xdv'
@@ -576,7 +619,7 @@
 # Extensions of files to be deleted by -C, but aren't normally included
 # in the small clean up by -c.  Analogous to @generated_exts and $clean_ext,
 # except that pattern rules (with %R) aren't applied.
- at final_output_exts = ( 'dvi', 'dviF', 'ps', 'psF', 'pdf',
+ at final_output_exts = ( 'dvi', 'dviF', 'hnt', 'ps', 'psF', 'pdf',
                         'synctex', 'synctex.gz' );
 $clean_full_ext = "";
 
@@ -725,6 +768,7 @@
 #  in case the values of $latex and/or $pdflatex change after an option
 #  is added.
 @extra_dvilualatex_options = ();
+ at extra_hilatex_options = ();
 @extra_latex_options = ();
 @extra_pdflatex_options = ();
 @extra_lualatex_options = ();
@@ -819,7 +863,7 @@
                         # file(s) being made: priority 'ps', 'pdf', 'dvi'
 
 # Viewers.  These are system dependent, so default to none:
-$pdf_previewer = $ps_previewer  = $ps_previewer_landscape  = $dvi_previewer  = $dvi_previewer_landscape = "NONE";
+$pdf_previewer = $ps_previewer  = $ps_previewer_landscape  = $dvi_previewer  = $dvi_previewer_landscape = $hnt_previewer = "NONE";
 
 $dvi_update_signal = undef;
 $ps_update_signal = undef;
@@ -918,9 +962,15 @@
 
 # Latexmk does tests on whether a particular generated file, e.g., log or
 # fls, has been generated on a current run of a rule, especially *latex, or
-# is leftover from previous runs.  This is done by finding whether or not
-# the modification time of the file is at least as recent as the system
-# time at the start of the run.  A file with a modification time
+# is leftover from previous runs.  An expected file can fail to be
+# generated or generated in other than the expected place because of errors
+# or because of misconfiguration of latexmk.  There are also files (notably
+# bcf files) that are generated or not according to the current set of
+# packages, options, etc used by a document.
+#
+# The test for whether a file was generated on the current run of a rule is
+# that the modification time of the file is at least as recent as the
+# system time at the start of the run.  A file with a modification time
 # significantly less than the time at the start of the run is presumably
 # left over from a previous run and not generated in the currrent run.  (An
 # allowance is made in this comparison for the effects of granularity of
@@ -928,50 +978,63 @@
 # earlier than the system time at which the file was last modified.)
 #
 # But generated files may be on a file system hosted by a server computer
-# that is different than the computer running latexmk.  There may there may
-# be an offset between the time on the two computers; this can make it
-# appear that the generated files were made before the run. Most of the
-# time, this problem does not arise, since (a) typical usage of latexmk is
-# with a local file system, and (b) current-day computers and operating
-# systems have their time synchronized accurately with a time server.
+# that is different than the computer running latexmk.  There may be an
+# offset between the time on the two computers; this can make it
+# incorrectly appear that the generated files were made before the
+# run. Most of the time, this problem does not arise, since (a) typical
+# usage of latexmk is with a local file system, and (b) current-day
+# computers and operating systems have their time synchronized accurately
+# with a time server.  Difficulties are most acute with small documents
+# compiled on a fast computer, e.g., with sub-second compilation times.
 #
-# But when latexmk sees symptoms of an excessive offset, it measures the
-# offset between the filesystem time and the system time. This involves
-# writing a temporary file, getting its modification time, and deleting
-# it.   The following variables are used for this purpose.
-
+# When latexmk sees symptoms of an excessive offset, it measures the offset
+# between the filesystem time and the system time. This involves writing a
+# temporary file, getting its modification time, and deleting it.  Then
+# when testing for whether a file was made on the current run or not, an
+# allowance is then made for the measured time offset between the two
+# computers.
 #
-our $filetime_offset_measured = 0;       # Measurement not yet done.
-our $filetime_offset = 0;                # Filetime relative to system time.
-our $filetime_offset_report_threshold = 10; # Threshold beyond which filetime offsets
-                                     # are reported; large offsets indicate
-                                     # incorrect system time on at least one system.
-# The following variable gives the threshold for detection of left-over
-# file. It allows for (a) different granularity between system time and
-# filesystem time, (b) for some mismatch between file and system time.
-# Note that the making or not making of a file is controlled by the
-# state of the document being compiled and by latexmk's configuration.
-# So a file that is left over from a previous run and not overwritten
-# on the current run will have a file time at least many seconds less
-# than the current time, corresponding to the time scale for a human
-# run-edit-run cycle.
+# Note that typically an invocation of latexmk's processing of a document
+# occurs after some human action, e.g., editting a document or a
+# configuration file.  So a file that is left over from a previous run and
+# not overwritten on the current run will have a file time at least many
+# seconds less than the current time, corresponding to the time scale for a
+# human run-edit-run cycle.  So one does NOT have to particularly precise
+# about time differences.  
 #
-# Note that the making or not making of a file is controlled by the
-# state of the document being compiled and by latexmk's configuration.
-# So a file that is left over from a previous run and not overwritten
-# on the current run will have a file time at least many seconds less
-# than the current time, corresponding to the time scale for a human
-# run-edit-run cycle.  So one does NOT have to tune this variable
-# precisely. 
-#
-# Concerning granularity of file system 
-# FAT file system: 2 sec granularity. Others 1 sec or less.
-# Perl CORE's mtime in stat: 1 sec.
-# Perl CORE's time(): 1 sec.  Time::HiRes::time(): Much less than 1 sec.
+# Granularity of file system etc:
+# FAT file system: 2 sec granularity. Others 1 sec or often much less.
+#                  
+# Functions available to latexmk from Perl:
+#   mtime from Perl's CORE::stat: 1 sec, but 2 sec on FAT file system;
+#   mtime from Time_HiRes::stat: can be much less than 1 sec, if the
+#         combination of Perl, the OS and the file system support it.
+#   system time from CORE::time(): 1 sec;
+#   system time from Time::HiRes::time(): Much less than 1 sec.
 
+# Variables controlling the assessment of time offset between file system
+# and computer:
+
 our $filetime_causality_threshold = 5;
+    # This is the size of time differences below which latexmk doesn't
+    # worry. It allows for (a) different granularity between system time
+    # and filesystem time, (b) for a modest mismatch between file and system
+    # time. This allowance can be generous; it merely needs to be below the
+    # human time-scale for editing documents, reconfiguring (or
+    # misconfiguring) latexmk, etc.
 
+our $filetime_offset_measured = 0;   # Measurement not yet done.
+our $filetime_offset = 0;            # Filetime relative to system time.
+                                     # Assume zero to start (corresponding to 
+                                     # local file system).
+                                     # Will be updated if necessary.
+our $filetime_offset_report_threshold = 10; # Threshold beyond which filetime offsets
+                                     # are reported at end of run; large
+                                     # offsets indicate incorrect system
+                                     # time on at least one system. 
 
+
+
 ################################################################
 ################################################################
 
@@ -1008,6 +1071,7 @@
     $ps_previewer_landscape  = $ps_previewer;
     $dvi_previewer  = 'start %O %S';
     $dvi_previewer_landscape = "$dvi_previewer";
+    $hnt_previewer = 'start %O %S';
     # Viewer update methods: 
     #    0 => auto update: viewer watches file (e.g., gv)
     #    1 => manual update: user must do something: e.g., click on window.
@@ -1020,6 +1084,7 @@
     #         specified by the variables $dvi_update_command, 
     #         $ps_update_command, $pdf_update_command
     $dvi_update_method = 1;
+    $hnt_update_method = 1;
     $ps_update_method = 1;
     $pdf_update_method = 3; # acroread locks the pdf file
 }
@@ -1110,6 +1175,7 @@
     $ps_previewer_landscape  = $ps_previewer;
     $dvi_previewer  = "$start_NT %O %S";
     $dvi_previewer_landscape = $dvi_previewer;
+    $hnt_previewer  = "$start_NT %O %S";
     # Viewer update methods: 
     #    0 => auto update: viewer watches file (e.g., gv)
     #    1 => manual update: user must do something: e.g., click on window.
@@ -1119,6 +1185,7 @@
     #    3 => viewer can't update, because it locks the file and the file 
     #         cannot be updated.  (acroread under MSWIN)
     $dvi_update_method = 1;
+    $hnt_update_method = 1;
     $ps_update_method = 1;
     $pdf_update_method = 3; # acroread locks the pdf file
 }
@@ -1129,6 +1196,7 @@
     $pdf_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
     $ps_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
     $dvi_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
+    $hnt_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
     $ps_previewer_landscape  = $ps_previewer;
     $dvi_previewer_landscape = "$dvi_previewer";
 }
@@ -1253,6 +1321,8 @@
         #     does not deal with changed dvi files, as far as I can see.
         $pdf_previewer = 'open %S';
         $pdf_update_method = 1;     # manual
+        $hnt_previewer = 'open %S';
+        $hnt_update_method = 1;     # manual
         $dvi_previewer = $dvi_previewer_landscape = 'NONE';
         $ps_previewer = $ps_previewer_landscape = 'NONE';
         # Others
@@ -1310,11 +1380,6 @@
                         # This variable is obsolete, and only in here for
                         # backward compatibility.
 
-$fdb_ext = 'fdb_latexmk'; # Extension for the file for latexmk's
-                          # file-database
-                          # Make it long to avoid possible collisions.
-$fdb_ver = 4;             # Version number for kind of fdb_file.
-
 $jobname = '';          # Jobname: as with current tex, etc indicates
                         # basename of generated files.  Defined so
                         # that --jobname=STRING on latexmk's command
@@ -1347,7 +1412,10 @@
 $max_logfile_warnings = 7; # Max. # number of log file warnings to report
 $rc_report = 1;         # Whether to report on rc files read
 $aux_out_dir_report = 0; # Whether to report on aux_dir & out_dir after
-                         # initialization and normalization
+                         # initialization and normalization.
+                         # When $aux_out_dir_report is set to 2, latexmk
+                         # does no further processing after the report of
+                         # the aux and out directories.
 
 $kpsewhich_show = 0;    # Show calls to and results from kpsewhich
 $landscape_mode = 0;    # default to portrait mode
@@ -1380,7 +1448,7 @@
 
 
 # Which kinds of file do I have requests to make?
-our ($dvi_mode, $pdf_mode, $postscript_mode, $xdv_mode,
+our ($dvi_mode, $hnt_mode, $pdf_mode, $postscript_mode, $xdv_mode,
      $cleanup_mode, $force_mode, $go_mode, $landscape_mode, $preview_mode, $preview_continuous_mode, $printout_mode );
 # If no requests at all are made, then I will make dvi file
 # If particular requests are made then other files may also have to be
@@ -1390,6 +1458,7 @@
                         #  0: no request for dvi file
                         #  1: use latex to make dvi file
                         #  2: use dvilualatex to make dvi file
+$hnt_mode = 0;          # No hnt file requested
 $postscript_mode = 0;   # No postscript file requested
 $pdf_mode = 0;          # No pdf file requested to be made by pdflatex
                         # Possible values: 
@@ -1402,6 +1471,7 @@
 $xdv_mode = 0;          # No xdv file requested
 
 $view = 'default';      # Default preview is of highest of dvi, ps, pdf
+$min_sleep_time = 0.01; # Minimum non-zero sleep time
 $sleep_time = 2;        # time to sleep b/w checks for file changes in -pvc mode
 $banner = 0;            # Non-zero if we have a banner to insert
 $banner_scale = 220;    # Original default scale
@@ -1460,8 +1530,8 @@
 # Whether times computed are clock times (HiRes) since Epoch, or are
 # processing times for this process and child processes, as reported by
 # times().  Second is the best, if accurate.  But on MSWin32, times()
-# appears not to included subprocess times, so we use clock time instead.
-our $times_are_clock = ($^O eq "MSWin32" );
+# appears not to include subprocess times, so we use clock time instead.
+our $times_are_clock = ($^O eq "MSWin32" ? 1 : 0);
 
 
 # Data for 1 run and global (ending in '0'):
@@ -1830,6 +1900,8 @@
                     #      of the current rule.  That must not trigger
                     #      another run. 
                     #      The values for the hash are currently unused, only the keys.
+                    #      (Some packages that exhibit the
+                    #      rewrite-before-read behavior: pythontex, showexpl.)
                     #   4: {Hash source_rule -> last_pass }
                     #      This lists rules that are to be considered source
                     #      rules for the current rule, separately from the 
@@ -1861,7 +1933,17 @@
                     #      way is that the source_rule passes files (or
                     #      other information) to the current rule, and that
                     #      the current rule is to be rerun whenever the
-                    #      source_rule has been run. 
+                    #      source_rule has been run.
+                    #   5: {Hash keys -> values}
+                    #      Used for any extra information needed for a specific
+                    #      rule.  The first one I'll set up is for cached
+                    #      datasource information for the biber rule. The
+                    #      key is 'bcf_datasources', and the value is a
+                    #      reference to a hash mapping filename
+                    #      specifications in the bcf file to actual files
+                    #      (if found).
+                    #      The aim of this item is for flexible
+                    #      rule-dependent add-ons.
 
 %fdb_current = ();  # Hash of information for all files used.
                     # It maps filename to a reference to an array
@@ -2037,9 +2119,11 @@
       $dependents_list = 1; 
   }
   elsif (/^-diagnostics/) { $diagnostics = 1; }
+  elsif (/^-dir-report-only$/)    { $aux_out_dir_report = 2; }
   elsif (/^-dir-report$/)    { $aux_out_dir_report = 1; }
   elsif (/^-dir-report-$/)   { $aux_out_dir_report = 0; }
   elsif (/^-dvi$/)    { $dvi_mode = 1;
+                        $hnt_mode = 0;
                         if ( ($pdf_mode != 2) && ($pdf_mode != 3) ) {
                             # if pdf_mode is not via dvi or pdf, turn it off
                             $pdf_mode = 0;
@@ -2046,6 +2130,7 @@
                         }
                       }
   elsif (/^-dvilua$/) { $dvi_mode = 2;
+                        $hnt_mode = 0;
                         if ( ($pdf_mode != 2) && ($pdf_mode != 3) ) {
                             # if pdf_mode is not via dvi or pdf, turn it off
                             $pdf_mode = 0;
@@ -2068,6 +2153,9 @@
      $go_mode = 3;
   }
   elsif ( /^-h$/ || /^-help$/ )   { &print_help; exit;}
+  elsif (/^-hnt$/)    { $hnt_mode = 1;
+                        $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = $pdf_mode = 0;
+                      }
   elsif (/^-jobname=(.*)$/) {
       $jobname = $1;
   }
@@ -2077,6 +2165,7 @@
       $pdf_mode = 0;
       $postscript_mode = 0; 
       $dvi_mode = 1;
+      $hnt_mode = 0;
   }
   elsif (/^-latex=(.*)$/) {
       $latex = $1;
@@ -2094,7 +2183,7 @@
       { $silence_logfile_warnings = 1; }
   elsif ( /^-lualatex$/ || /^-pdflualatex$/ )      { 
       $pdf_mode = 4;
-      $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
+      $dvi_mode = $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
   }
 # See below for -lualatex=...
 # See above for -M
@@ -2130,6 +2219,7 @@
       my $format = $1;
       if ($format eq 'dvi' ) {
           $dvi_mode = 1;
+          $hnt_mode = 0;
           if ( ($pdf_mode != 2) && ($pdf_mode != 3) ) {
               # if pdf_mode is not via dvi or pdf, turn it off
               $pdf_mode = 0;
@@ -2137,7 +2227,7 @@
       }
       elsif ($format eq 'pdf' ) {
           $pdf_mode = 1;
-          $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0;
+          $dvi_mode = $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0;
       }
       else {
           warn "$My_name: unknown format in option '$_'\n";
@@ -2149,16 +2239,16 @@
                        $preview_mode = 0;  
                      }
   elsif (/^-p-$/)    { $printout_mode = 0; }
-  elsif (/^-pdf$/)   { $pdf_mode = 1; $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
+  elsif (/^-pdf$/)   { $pdf_mode = 1; $dvi_mode = $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
   elsif (/^-pdf-$/)  { $pdf_mode = 0; }
-  elsif (/^-pdfdvi$/){ $pdf_mode = 3; }
-  elsif (/^-pdflua$/){ $pdf_mode = 4; $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
-  elsif (/^-pdfps$/) { $pdf_mode = 2; }
-  elsif (/^-pdfxe$/) { $pdf_mode = 5; $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
+  elsif (/^-pdfdvi$/){ $pdf_mode = 3;  $hnt_mode = 0; }
+  elsif (/^-pdflua$/){ $pdf_mode = 4; $dvi_mode =  $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
+  elsif (/^-pdfps$/) { $pdf_mode = 2;  $hnt_mode = 0; }
+  elsif (/^-pdfxe$/) { $pdf_mode = 5; $dvi_mode =  $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
   elsif (/^-pdflatex$/) {
       $pdflatex = "pdflatex %O %S";
       $pdf_mode = 1;
-      $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
+      $dvi_mode =  $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
   }
   elsif (/^-pdflatex=(.*)$/) {
       $pdflatex = $1;
@@ -2246,6 +2336,7 @@
   elsif (/^-verbose$/)  { $silent = 0; }
   elsif (/^-view=default$/) { $view = "default";}
   elsif (/^-view=dvi$/)     { $view = "dvi";}
+  elsif (/^-view=hnt$/)     { $view = "hnt";}
   elsif (/^-view=none$/)    { $view = "none";}
   elsif (/^-view=ps$/)      { $view = "ps";}
   elsif (/^-view=pdf$/)     { $view = "pdf"; }
@@ -2254,7 +2345,7 @@
   elsif (/^-xdv-$/)   { $xdv_mode = 0; }
   elsif ( /^-xelatex$/ || /^-pdfxelatex$/ )      { 
       $pdf_mode = 5;
-      $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
+      $dvi_mode =  $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
   }
 # See above for -xelatex=...
   elsif (/^-e$/) {  
@@ -2318,6 +2409,7 @@
         )
   {
       push @extra_dvilualatex_options, $original;
+      push @extra_hilatex_options, $original;
       push @extra_latex_options, $original;
       push @extra_pdflatex_options, $original;
       push @extra_lualatex_options, $original;
@@ -2490,6 +2582,7 @@
 
 # Add common options
 add_option( $dvilualatex_default_switches, \$dvilualatex );
+add_option( $hilatex_default_switches,    \$hilatex );
 add_option( $latex_default_switches,    \$latex );
 add_option( $pdflatex_default_switches, \$pdflatex );
 add_option( $lualatex_default_switches, \$lualatex );
@@ -2496,6 +2589,7 @@
 add_option( $xelatex_default_switches,  \$xelatex );
 
 foreach (@extra_dvilualatex_options) { add_option( $_, \$dvilualatex ); }
+foreach (@extra_hilatex_options)    { add_option( $_, \$hilatex ); }
 foreach (@extra_latex_options)    { add_option( $_, \$latex ); }
 foreach (@extra_pdflatex_options) { add_option( $_, \$pdflatex ); }
 foreach (@extra_lualatex_options) { add_option( $_, \$lualatex ); }
@@ -2527,6 +2621,7 @@
 
 if ( $silent ) { 
     add_option( "$dvilualatex_silent_switch", \$dvilualatex );
+    add_option( "$hilatex_silent_switch", \$hilatex );
     add_option( "$latex_silent_switch", \$latex );
     add_option( "$pdflatex_silent_switch", \$pdflatex );
     add_option( "$lualatex_silent_switch", \$lualatex );
@@ -2540,7 +2635,7 @@
 }
 
 if ( $recorder ) {
-    add_option( "-recorder", \$dvilualatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
+    add_option( "-recorder", \$dvilualatex, \$hilatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
 }
 
 # If the output and/or aux directories are specified, fix the *latex
@@ -2552,20 +2647,21 @@
 if ( $jobname ne '' ) {
     # Since $jobname may include placeholder(s), put %R placeholder
     # in option, and let %R be substituted by actual jobname at runtime.
-    add_option( "--jobname=%R", \$dvilualatex, \$latex, \$lualatex, \$pdflatex, \$xelatex );
+    add_option( "--jobname=%R", \$dvilualatex, \$hilatex, \$latex, \$lualatex, \$pdflatex, \$xelatex );
 }
 
 # Make sure we make the kind of file we want to view:
 if ( ($view eq 'dvi') && ($dvi_mode == 0) ) { $dvi_mode = 1; }
-if ($view eq 'ps') { $postscript_mode = 1; }
+if ( ($view eq 'hnt') && ($hnt_mode == 0) ) { $hnt_mode = 1; }
+if ( $view eq 'ps' ) { $postscript_mode = 1; }
 if ( ($view eq 'pdf') && ($pdf_mode == 0) ) { 
     $pdf_mode = 1; 
 }
 
 # Make sure that we make something if all requests are turned off
-unless ( $dvi_mode || $pdf_mode || $postscript_mode || $printout_mode || $xdv_mode )  {
+unless ( $dvi_mode ||  $hnt_mode || $pdf_mode || $postscript_mode || $printout_mode || $xdv_mode )  {
     print "No specific requests made, so using default for $invoked_name.\n";
-    ($dvi_mode, $postscript_mode, $pdf_mode, $xdv_mode )
+    ($dvi_mode, $hnt_mode, $postscript_mode, $pdf_mode, $xdv_mode )
         = @{$compilation_defaults{$invoked_name}};    
 }
 
@@ -2576,8 +2672,9 @@
     #    that was requested by user.  
     # No explicit request means view dvi.
     $view = "dvi";
+    if ( $hnt_mode ) { $view = "hnt"; }
+    if ( $pdf_mode ) { $view = "pdf"; }
     if ( $postscript_mode ) { $view = "ps"; }
-    if ( $pdf_mode ) { $view = "pdf"; }
 }
 
 # Determine requests.
@@ -2648,7 +2745,7 @@
 if ( $preview_continuous_mode || $preview_mode ) { $one_time{'view'} = 1; }
 
 $can_switch = $allow_switch;
-if ( $dvi_mode || $postscript_mode || $xdv_mode
+if ( $dvi_mode || $hnt_mode || $postscript_mode || $xdv_mode
      || ( $printout_mode && ($print_type eq 'ps') || ($print_type eq 'dvi') )
      || ( ($preview_mode || $preview_continuous_mode)  &&  ( ($view eq 'ps') || ($view eq 'dvi') ) )
    ) {
@@ -2669,17 +2766,15 @@
     add_option( "$dvips_pdf_switch", \$dvips );
 }
 
-# Note sleep has granularity of 1 second.
-# Sleep periods 0 < $sleep_time < 1 give zero delay,
-#    which is probably not what the user intended.
-# Sleep periods less than zero give infinite delay
+# Note that 100% CPU usage may not be terribly bad with a multi-core CPU,
+# and an SSD, especially when the OS caches file metadata reliably.
 if ( $sleep_time == 0 ) {
      warn "$My_name: sleep_time was configured to zero.\n",
     "    Do you really want to do this?  It can give 100% CPU usage.\n";
 }
-elsif ( $sleep_time < 1 ) {
-     warn "$My_name: Correcting nonzero sleep_time of less than 1 sec to 1 sec.\n";
-     $sleep_time = 1;
+elsif ( $sleep_time < $min_sleep_time ) {
+     warn "$My_name: Correcting nonzero sleep_time of less than $min_sleep_time sec to $min_sleep_time sec.\n";
+     $sleep_time = $min_sleep_time;
 }
 
 
@@ -2779,6 +2874,7 @@
     local $out_dir = $out_dir;
 
     local $dvilualatex = $dvilualatex;
+    local $hilatex = $hilatex;
     local $latex = $latex;
     local $lualatex = $lualatex;
     local $pdflatex = $pdflatex;
@@ -2992,8 +3088,12 @@
     }
     if ( !$force_mode ) {
         warn
-            "$My_name: If appropriate, the -f option can be used to get latexmk\n",
-            "  to try to force complete processing.\n";
+            "$My_name: Sometimes, the -f option can be used to get latexmk\n",
+            "  to try to force complete processing.\n",
+            "  But normally, you will need to correct the file(s) that caused the\n",
+            "  error, and then rerun latexmk.\n",
+            "  In some cases, it is best to clean out generated files before rerunning\n",
+            "  latexmk after you've corrected the files.\n";
     }
     exit 12;
 }
@@ -3028,7 +3128,7 @@
     # Initialize timing for one run.
     @timings1 = ();
     $processing_time1 = processing_time();    
-    $clock1 = Time::HiRes::time();
+    $clock1 = time();
 }
 
 ############################
@@ -3055,7 +3155,7 @@
         ", of which invoked processes = $invoked_time, other = ",
         sprintf( '%.2f', $processing_time-$invoked_time ), ".\n";
     print "Elapsed clock time = ",
-          sprintf( '%.2f', Time::HiRes::time()-$clock1 ), ".\n";
+          sprintf( '%.2f', time()-$clock1 ), ".\n";
     print "Number of rules run = ", 1+$#timings1, "\n";
 }
 
@@ -3315,6 +3415,9 @@
         print "$My_name: Cwd: '", good_cwd(), "'\n";
         print "$My_name: Normalized aux dir and out dir: '$aux_dir', '$out_dir'\n";
         print "$My_name: and combining forms: '$aux_dir1', '$out_dir1'\n";
+        if ($aux_out_dir_report == 2) {
+            exit 0;
+        }
     }
 
 }  #END normalize_aux_out_ETC
@@ -3338,13 +3441,13 @@
             # the relevant files (.pdf, .ps, .dvi, .xdv, .fls to the output
             # directory after running *latex.
             add_option( "-output-directory=%V",
-                        \$dvilualatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
+                        \$dvilualatex, \$hilatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
         }
     }
     else {
         if ( $out_dir && ($out_dir ne '.') ) {
             add_option( "-output-directory=%W",
-                        \$dvilualatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
+                        \$dvilualatex, \$hilatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
         }
         if ( $aux_dir ne $out_dir ) {
             # N.B. If $aux_dir and $out_dir are the same, then the
@@ -3351,7 +3454,7 @@
             # -output-directory option is sufficient, especially because
             # the -aux-directory exists only in MiKTeX, not in TeXLive.
             add_option( "-aux-directory=%V",
-                            \$dvilualatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
+                            \$dvilualatex, \$hilatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
         }
     }
 } #END set_aux_out_options
@@ -3360,7 +3463,7 @@
 
 sub fix_cmds {
    # If commands do not have placeholders for %S etc, put them in
-    foreach ($latex, $lualatex, $pdflatex, $xelatex, $lpr, $lpr_dvi, $lpr_pdf,
+    foreach ($hilatex, $latex, $lualatex, $pdflatex, $xelatex, $lpr, $lpr_dvi, $lpr_pdf,
              $pdf_previewer, $ps_previewer, $ps_previewer_landscape,
              $dvi_previewer, $dvi_previewer_landscape,
              $kpsewhich
@@ -3414,10 +3517,13 @@
     #   (The rule database may get overridden/extended after the fdb_latexmk
     #    file is read, and after running commands to adjust to dependencies
     #    determined from document.
+
     %rule_db = ();
     %target_rules = ();
     %target_files = ();
-
+    %actives = ();
+    %from_rules = ();
+    
     local %rule_list = ();
     &rdb_set_rule_templates;
 
@@ -3474,10 +3580,12 @@
     elsif    ($pdf_mode == 4) { $current_primary = 'lualatex'; }
     elsif    ($pdf_mode == 5) { rdb_activate( 'xdvipdfmx' ); $current_primary = 'xelatex';  }
     if ($dvi_mode == 2) { $current_primary = 'dvilualatex'; }
+    if ($hnt_mode) { $current_primary = 'hilatex'; }
 
     rdb_activate( $current_primary );
     
     if ($dvi_mode) { $target_files{$dvi_final} = 1; }
+    if ($hnt_mode) { $target_files{$hnt_final} = 1; }
     if ($postscript_mode) { $target_files{$ps_final} = 1; }
     if ($pdf_mode) { $target_files{$pdf_final} = 1; }
     if ($xdv_mode) { $target_files{$xdv_final} = 1; }
@@ -3518,7 +3626,7 @@
     my $viewer_update_signal = undef;
     my $viewer_update_command = undef;
 
-    if ( ($view eq 'dvi') || ($view eq 'pdf') || ($view eq 'ps') ) { 
+    if ( ($view eq 'dvi') || ($view eq 'hnt') || ($view eq 'pdf') || ($view eq 'ps') ) { 
         $view_file = ${$view.'_final'};
         $viewer = ${$view.'_previewer'};
         $viewer_update_method = ${$view.'_update_method'};
@@ -3532,6 +3640,7 @@
 
     %rule_list = (
         'dvilualatex'  => [ 'primary',  "$dvilualatex",  '',      "%T",        $dvi_name,  "%R",   1, [$aux_main, $log_name], [$aux_main] ],
+        'hilatex'   => [ 'primary',  "$hilatex",     '',            "%T",      $hnt_name,  "%R",   1, [$aux_main, $log_name], [$aux_main] ],
         'latex'     => [ 'primary',  "$latex",     '',            "%T",        $dvi_name,  "%R",   1, [$aux_main, $log_name], [$aux_main] ],
         'lualatex'  => [ 'primary',  "$lualatex",  '',            "%T",        $pdf_name,  "%R",   1, [$aux_main, $log_name], [$aux_main] ],
         'pdflatex'  => [ 'primary',  "$pdflatex",  '',            "%T",        $pdf_name,  "%R",   1, [$aux_main, $log_name], [$aux_main] ],
@@ -3770,7 +3879,7 @@
     my @files_to_delete = ();
     @dirs = ($aux_dir1);
     if ($out_dir1 ne $aux_dir1) { push @dirs, $out_dir1; }
-    
+
     push @files_to_delete, &get_small_cleanup;
     if ($kind == 1) {
         foreach my $dir1 (@dirs) {
@@ -3785,6 +3894,8 @@
     # sort deletes contents of directory before attempting to delete the
     # directory:
     unlink_or_move( reverse sort @files_to_delete );
+
+
     
     # If the fdb file (or log, fls and/or aux files) exist, it/they will have
     #   been used to make a changed rule database.  But a cleanup implies
@@ -4188,7 +4299,7 @@
     
     $quell_uptodate_msgs = 1;
 
-    if ( ($view eq 'dvi') || ($view eq 'pdf') || ($view eq 'ps') ) { 
+    if ( ($view eq 'dvi') || ($view eq 'hnt') || ($view eq 'pdf') || ($view eq 'ps') ) { 
         print "Viewing $view\n";
     }
     elsif ( $view eq 'none' ) {
@@ -4579,7 +4690,7 @@
 sub traceback {
     # Call: traceback() 
     # or traceback( message  )
-    # NOT &traceback!!!
+    # NOT &traceback, normally!!!
     my $msg = shift;
     if ($msg) { warn "$msg\n"; }
     warn "Traceback:\n";
@@ -4676,7 +4787,10 @@
   "                    and turn on showing of dependency list\n",
   "   -dF <filter> - Filter to apply to dvi file\n",
   "   -dir-report  - Before processing a tex file, report aux and out dir settings\n",
-  "   -dir-report- - Before processing a tex file, do not report aux and out dir settings\n",
+  "   -dir-report- - Before processing a tex file, do not report aux and out dir\n",
+  "                  settings\n",
+  "   -dir-report-only - Report aux and out dir settings after initialization\n",
+  "                  and previous option processing, and then stop\n", 
   "   -dvi    - generate dvi by latex\n",
   "   -dvilua - generate dvi by dvilualatex\n",
   "   -dvi-   - turn off required dvi\n",
@@ -4695,6 +4809,7 @@
   "   -g     - process at least one run of all rules\n",
   "   -g-    - Turn off -g and -gg\n",
   "   -h     - print help\n",
+  "   -hnt   - generate hnt by hilatex\n",
   "   -help - print help\n",
   "   -indexfudge or -makeindexfudge - change directory to output directory when running makeindex\n",
   "   -indexfudge- or -makeindexfudge- - don't change directory when running makeindex\n",
@@ -4795,6 +4910,7 @@
   "   -version      - display program version\n",
   "   -view=default - viewer is default (dvi, ps, pdf)\n",
   "   -view=dvi     - viewer is for dvi\n",
+  "   -view=hnt     - viewer is for hnt\n",
   "   -view=none    - no viewer is used\n",
   "   -view=ps      - viewer is for ps\n",
   "   -view=pdf     - viewer is for pdf\n",
@@ -4823,6 +4939,7 @@
 
 sub print_commands {
   print "Commands used by $my_name:\n",
+       "   To run hilatex, I use \"$hilatex\"\n",
        "   To run latex, I use \"$latex\"\n",
        "   To run pdflatex, I use \"$pdflatex\"\n",
        "   To run dvilualatex, I use \"$dvilualatex\"\n",
@@ -4844,6 +4961,7 @@
        "   To view a dvi file, I use \"$dvi_previewer\"\n",
        "   To view a dvi file in landscape format, ",
             "I use \"$dvi_previewer_landscape\"\n",
+       "   To view an hnt file, I use \"$hnt_previewer\"\n",
        "   To print a ps file, I use \"$lpr\"\n",
        "   To print a dvi file, I use \"$lpr_dvi\"\n",
        "   To print a pdf file, I use \"$lpr_pdf\"\n",
@@ -4865,44 +4983,147 @@
 } #END view_file_via_temporary
 
 #************************************************************
-#### Tex-related utilities
 
+#### Tex-related utilities #######################
+
 #**************************************************
 
+sub after_biber {
+    # Analyze results of biber run, take appropriate actions on dependencies.
+    # Assumes rule context for biber
+    # Call
+    #     after_biber( \$return ),
+    # where $return is code returned by running of biber (maybe modified by
+    # caller, which is normally rdb_run1).  Can adjust its value to provoke
+    # better diagnosis of results of run to caller.
+    use strict;
+    # Rule variables used:
+    our ( $rule, $Pbase, $Pdest, $PHextra, $Plast_message, $Plast_result,
+          $Pout_of_date, $Psource, $PHsource );
+    # Global variables used
+    our ( %current_primaries, $diagnostics, $My_name, $save_error_suffix,
+          $silent );
+    my $Preturn = $_[0];
+    my @biber_datasource = ( );
+    my @biber_remote = ();
+    my @warnings = ();
+    my $add_bcf_datasources = 0;
+
+    my $retcode = check_biber_log( $$Pbase, \@biber_datasource, \@biber_remote );
+    if ($$Preturn) {
+        print
+            "$My_name: Error return from '$rule'\n",
+            "I will add to its source list, anything cached from analysis of bcf file.\n";
+        $add_bcf_datasources = 1;
+    }
+    if ( ! -e $$Psource ) {
+        $retcode = 10;
+        if (!$silent) {
+            print "Source '$$Psource' for '$rule' doesn't exist,\n",
+                "so I'll force *latex to run to try and make it.\n";
+        }
+        rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
+    }
+    rdb_set_source_here( @biber_datasource, $$Psource );
+   
+    if ($retcode == 6) {
+        # Missing control file.  Need to remake it (if possible)
+        # Don't treat missing bbl file as error.
+        print "$My_name: bibtex control file missing.  Since that can\n",
+              "   be recreated, I'll try to do so.\n";
+        $$Preturn = -2;
+        rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 4) {
+        $$Plast_result = 2;
+        $$Plast_message = "Could not find all biber source files for '$$Pbase'";
+        push @warnings, "Not all biber source files found for '$$Pbase'";
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 3) {
+        $$Plast_result = 2;
+        $$Plast_message = "Could not open biber log file for '$$Pbase'";
+        $add_bcf_datasources = 1;
+        push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 2) {
+        $$Plast_message = "Biber errors: See file '$$Pbase.blg'";
+        push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 1) {
+        push @warnings, "Biber warnings for '$$Pbase'";
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 11) {
+        $$Plast_message = "Biber: malformed bcf file '$$Psource'";
+        push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
+        my $save_bcf = "$$Psource$save_error_suffix";
+        warn "$My_name: biber found malformed bcf file '$$Psource'.\n",
+             "  I'll delete any bbl file '$$Pdest', and\n",
+             "  rename the bcf file to '$save_bcf'\n";
+        # Malformed bcf file is a downstream consequence, normally,
+        # of an error in *latex run. 
+        # Current version of biber deletes bbl file.
+        # Older versions (pre-2016) made an incorrect bbl file, which
+        # tended to cause latex errors, and give a self-perpetuating error.
+        # Ensure the bbl file doesn't exist.
+        # I could delete the bcf file,  since it is not usable. But in
+        # non-trivial cases, the user may want to examine the file, so
+        # I'll rename it instead.  (Trivial common case: *latex exited
+        # early because of an error, and the resulting bcf file is
+        # incomplete.  I should have deleted the file after the error
+        # run of *latex, since there is then no value in the bcf for
+        # diagnostics.)
+        unlink $$Pdest;
+        rename $$Psource, $save_bcf;
+    }
+    if ($add_bcf_datasources) {
+        my $PA_bcf_datasources =  $$PHextra{bcf_datasources};
+        if ( ref($PA_bcf_datasources) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
+            rdb_ensure_files_here( @$PA_bcf_datasources );
+        }
+    }
+}  #END after_biber
+
+#**************************************************
+
 sub check_biber_log {
     # Check for biber warnings, and report source files.
-    # Usage: check_biber_log( base_of_biber_run, \@biber_datasource )
+    # Usage: check_biber_log( base_of_biber_run, \@datasource, \@remote )
+    # I use a hash for the collection of significant warnings.  It maps
+    #   categories of warnings to array references (or c.) to allow
+    #   flexibility in what I report.
+    # (Return codes compatible with check_bibtex_log, but only used when applicable.)
     # return 0: OK;
     #        1: biber warnings;
     #        2: biber errors;
     #        3: could not open .blg file;
     #        4: failed to find one or more source files, except for bibfile;
-    #        5: failed to find bib file;
-    #        6: missing file, one of which is control file
-    #       10: only error is missing \citation commands.
+    #        6: missing file;
     #       11: Malformed bcf file (normally due to error in pdflatex run)
-    # Side effect: add source files @biber_datasource
-    # N.B. @biber_datasource is already initialized by caller.
+    # Side effect: add source files to @datasource
+    # N.B. @datasource is already initialized by caller.
     #   So do **not** initialize it here.
-    my $base = $_[0];
-    my $Pbiber_datasource = $_[1];
+    use strict;
+    # Global variables used
+    our ($My_name, $silent);
+    
+    my ($base, $PAdatasource, $PAremote ) = @_;
     my $blg_name = "$base.blg";
     open( my $blg_file, "<", $blg_name )
       or return 3;
     my $have_warning = 0;
     my $have_error = 0;
-    my $missing_citations = 0;
     my $no_citations = 0;
     my $error_count = 0;            # From my counting of error messages
     my $warning_count = 0;          # From my counting of warning messages
     # The next two occur only from biber
-    my $bibers_error_count = 0;     # From biber's counting of errors
-    my $bibers_warning_count = 0;   # From biber's counting of warnings
+    my $biber_error_count = 0;     # From biber's counting of errors
+    my $biber_warning_count = 0;   # From biber's counting of warnings
     my $not_found_count = 0;
     my $control_file_missing = 0;
     my $control_file_malformed = 0;
-    my %remote = ();                # List of extensions of remote files
     my @not_found = ();             # Files, normally .bib files, not found.
+    my @missing_citations = ();
+    
     while (<$blg_file>) {
         $_ = utf8_to_mine($_);
         if (/> WARN /) { 
@@ -4910,7 +5131,9 @@
             $have_warning = 1;
             $warning_count ++;
         }
-        elsif (/> (FATAL|ERROR) /) {
+        # Note that WARN is not exclusive with some of the following,
+        # so we can't use elsif here
+        if (/> (FATAL|ERROR) /) {
             print "Biber error: $_"; 
             if ( /> (FATAL|ERROR) - Cannot find file '([^']+)'/    #'
                  || /> (FATAL|ERROR) - Cannot find '([^']+)'/ ) {  #'
@@ -4930,16 +5153,11 @@
             else {
                 $have_error = 1;
                 $error_count ++;
-                if ( /> (FATAL|ERROR) - The file '[^']+' does not contain any citations!/ ) { #'
-                    $no_citations++;
-                }
             }
         }
         elsif ( /> INFO - Data source '([^']*)' is a remote BibTeX data source - fetching/
             ){
-            my $spec = $1;
-            my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $spec );
-            $remote{$ext} = 1;
+            push @$PAremote, $1;
         }
         elsif ( /> INFO - Found .* '([^']+)'\s*$/
                 || /> INFO - Found '([^']+)'\s*$/
@@ -4946,10 +5164,11 @@
                 || /> INFO - Reading '([^']+)'\s*$/
                 || /> INFO - Processing .* file '([^']+)'.*$/
                 || /> INFO - Config file is '([^']+)'.*$/
+                || /> WARN - Data source .*'([^']+)'.*$/
             ) {
             my $file = $1;
             my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $file );
-            if ($remote{$ext} && ( $base =~ /^biber_remote_data_source/ ) && 1) {
+            if ( $base =~ /^biber_remote_data_source/ ) {
                 # Ignore the file, which appears to be a temporary local copy
                 # of a remote file. Treating the file as a source file will
                 # be misleading, since it will normally have been deleted by
@@ -4963,33 +5182,32 @@
                 # copy of a remote file).
                 # So I have included a condition above that the file must
                 # exist to be included in the source-file list.
-                push @$Pbiber_datasource, $file;
+                push @$PAdatasource, $file;
             }
         }
+        elsif ( /> WARN - I didn't find a database entry for '([^']+)'/ ) {
+            push @missing_citations, $1;
+        }
         elsif ( /> INFO - WARNINGS: ([\d]+)\s*$/ ) {
-            $bibers_warning_count = $1;
+            $biber_warning_count = $1;
         }
         elsif ( /> INFO - ERRORS: ([\d]+)\s*$/ ) {
-            $bibers_error_count = $1;
+            $biber_error_count = $1;
         }
     }
     close $blg_file;
-    @$Pbiber_datasource = uniqs( @$Pbiber_datasource );
+    @$PAdatasource = uniqs( @$PAdatasource );
+    @$PAremote = uniqs( @$PAremote );
     @not_found = uniqs( @not_found );
-    push @$Pbiber_datasource, @not_found;
+    push @$PAdatasource, @not_found;
 
     if ($control_file_malformed){return 11;} 
 
-    if ( ($#not_found < 0) && ($#$Pbiber_datasource >= 0) ) {
-        print "$My_name: Found biber source file(s) [@$Pbiber_datasource]\n"
+    if ( ($#not_found < 0) && ($#$PAdatasource >= 0) ) {
+        print "$My_name: Found biber source file(s) [",
+              join( ', ', @$PAdatasource), "]\n"
         unless $silent;
     }
-    elsif ( ($#not_found == 0) && ($not_found[0] =~ /\.bib$/) ) {
-        # Special treatment if sole missing file is bib file
-        # I don't want to treat that as an error
-        print "$My_name: Biber did't find bib file [$not_found[0]]\n";
-        return 5;
-    }
     else {
         warn "$My_name: Failed to find one or more biber source files:\n";
         foreach (@not_found) { warn "    '$_'\n"; }
@@ -5002,13 +5220,9 @@
         }
         return 4;
     }
-#    print "$My_name: #Biber errors = $error_count, warning messages = $warning_count,\n  ",
-#          "missing citation messages = $missing_citations, no_citations = $no_citations\n";
-    if ( ! $have_error && $no_citations ) {
-        # If the only errors are missing citations, or lack of citations, that should
-        # count as a warning.
-        # HOWEVER: biber doesn't generate a new bbl.  So it is an error condition.
-        return 10;
+    if ( @missing_citations ) {
+        @missing_citations = uniqs( @missing_citations );
+        show_array( "$My_name: Biber reported missing citations", @missing_citations );
     }
     if ($have_error) {return 2;}
     if ($have_warning) {return 1;}
@@ -5018,6 +5232,12 @@
 #**************************************************
 
 sub run_bibtex {
+    use strict;
+    # Rule variables used
+    our ( $rule, $Pdest, $Psource );
+    # Global variables used
+    our ( $bibtex_fudge, $My_name, $silent );
+
     my $return = 999;
     # Prevent changes we make to environment becoming global:
     local %ENV = %ENV;
@@ -5067,44 +5287,77 @@
 
 #**************************************************
 
-sub run_makeindex {
-    my $return = 999;
-    my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $$Psource );
+sub after_bibtex {
+    # Analyze results of bibtex run, take appropriate actions on dependencies.
+    # Assumes rule context for bibtex
+    # Call
+    #     after_bibtex( \$return ),
+    # where $return is code returned by running of bibtex (maybe modified by
+    # caller, which is normally rdb_run1).  Can adjust its value to provoke
+    # better diagnosis of results of run to caller.
 
-    # Define source and dest base to include extension, no path.
-    my $source_base = $base.$ext;
-    my $dest_base = basename( $$Pdest );
-    if ( $path && $makeindex_fudge ) {
-        my $cwd = good_cwd();
-        pushd( $path );
+    use strict;
+    # Rule variables used
+    our ( $rule, $Pbase, $Pdest, $Plast_message, $Plast_result,
+          $Pout_of_date, $Psource );
+    # Global variables used
+    our ( %current_primaries, $diagnostics, $failure, $My_name, $silent );
+
+    my $Preturn = $_[0];
+    my $retcode = check_bibtex_log($$Pbase);
+    my @warnings = ();
+
+    if ( ! -e $$Psource ) {
+        $retcode = 10;
         if (!$silent) {
-            print "$My_name: Change directory to '$path'.\n";
+            print "Source '$$Psource' for '$rule' doesn't exist,\n",
+                "so I'll force *latex to run to try and make it.\n";
         }
-        # Override standard substitutions for source, dest, and base names in
-        # default external command:
-        $return = &Run_subst( undef, undef, '', $source_base, $dest_base, $base );
-        popd();
-        if (!$silent) {
-            print "$My_name: Change directory back to '$cwd'\n";
+        rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
+    }
+    if ($retcode == 3) {
+        $$Plast_result = 2;
+        $$Plast_message = "Could not open bibtex log file for '$$Pbase'";
+        push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 2) {
+        $$Plast_message = "Bibtex errors: See file '$$Pbase.blg'";
+        $failure = 1;
+        push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 1) {
+        push @warnings, "Bibtex warnings for '$$Pbase'";
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 10) {
+        push @warnings, "Bibtex found no citations for '$$Pbase',\n",
+                        "    or had missing aux or bib file(s)\n";
+        if (! -e $$Pdest ) {
+            print "$My_name: Bibtex did not produce '$$Pdest'.  But that\n",
+                 "     was because of missing files, so I will continue.\n";
+            $$Preturn = -2;
         }
+        else {
+            $$Preturn = 0;
+        }
     }
-    else {
-        # Use default substitutions etc for rule:
-        $return = Run_subst();
-    }
-    return $return;
-} #END run_makeindex
-
+} #END after_bibtex
+    
 #**************************************************
 
 sub check_bibtex_log {
-    # Check for bibtex warnings:
+    # Check for bibtex warnings and errors:
     # Usage: check_bibtex_log( base_of_bibtex_run )
+    # (Return codes compatible with check_biber_log, but only used when applicable.)
     # return 0: OK, 1: bibtex warnings, 2: bibtex errors, 
     #        3: could not open .blg file.
     #       10: only error is missing \citation commands or a missing aux file
     #           (which would normally be corrected after a later run of 
     #           *latex).
+    use strict;
+    # Variable used in context of a rule action
+    our ( $Pout_of_date );
+    # Global variables used
+    our ( %current_primaries, $My_name );
 
     my $base = $_[0];
     my $blg_name = "$base.blg";
@@ -5112,8 +5365,9 @@
       or return 3;
     my $have_warning = 0;
     my $have_error = 0;
-    my $missing_citations = 0;
+    my $no_citations = 0;
     my @missing_aux = ();
+    my @missing_bib = ();
     my $error_count = 0;
     while (<$blg_file>) {
         $_ = utf8_to_mine($_);
@@ -5125,8 +5379,11 @@
             push @missing_aux, $1;
         }
         elsif ( /^I found no \\citation commands---while reading file/ ) {
-            $missing_citations++;
+            $no_citations++;
         }
+        elsif ( /^I couldn't open database file (.*\.bib)/ ) {
+            push @missing_bib, $1;
+        }
         elsif (/There (were|was) (\d+) error message/) {
             $error_count = $2;
             #print "Bibtex error: count=$error_count $_"; 
@@ -5134,7 +5391,7 @@
         }
     }
     close $blg_file;
-    my $missing = $missing_citations + $#missing_aux + 1;
+    my $weak_errors = $no_citations + $#missing_aux + 1 + $#missing_bib + 1;
     if ( $#missing_aux > -1 ) {
         # Need to make the missing files.
         print "$My_name: One or more aux files is missing for bibtex. I'll try\n",
@@ -5142,17 +5399,21 @@
         rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
     }
     #print "Bibtex errors = $error_count, missing aux files and citations = $missing\n";
-    if ($have_error && ($error_count <= $missing )
-        && ($missing > 0) ) {
-        # If the only error is a missing citation line, that should only
-        # count as a warning.
-        # Also a missing aux file should be innocuous; it will be created on
-        # next run of *latex.  ?? HAVE I HANDLED THAT CORRECTLY?
+    if ($have_error && ($error_count <= $weak_errors )
+        && ($weak_errors > 0) ) {
+        # If the only error(s), are:
+        #   lack of any \citation commands in aux file
+        #   missing aux file(s)
+        #   missing bib file(s)
+        # that should count as a warning.
+        # Note that a missing aux file is generally innocuous, that's
+        # commonly because the document has an include of a file in a
+        # subdirectory, an aux dir is in use, and the sub directory hasn't
+        # yet been made in the aux dir.  That situation should be handled
+        # by latexmk by creating the directory and rerunning *latex.
         # But have to deal with the problem that bibtex gives a non-zero 
-        # exit code.  So leave things as they are so that the user gets
-        # a better diagnostic ??????????????????????????
-#        $have_error = 0;
-#        $have_warning = 1;
+        # exit code.
+        # Let caller know:
         return 10;
     }
     if ($have_error) {return 2;}
@@ -5162,6 +5423,36 @@
 
 #**************************************************
 
+sub run_makeindex {
+    my $return = 999;
+    my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $$Psource );
+
+    # Define source and dest base to include extension, no path.
+    my $source_base = $base.$ext;
+    my $dest_base = basename( $$Pdest );
+    if ( $path && $makeindex_fudge ) {
+        my $cwd = good_cwd();
+        pushd( $path );
+        if (!$silent) {
+            print "$My_name: Change directory to '$path'.\n";
+        }
+        # Override standard substitutions for source, dest, and base names in
+        # default external command:
+        $return = &Run_subst( undef, undef, '', $source_base, $dest_base, $base );
+        popd();
+        if (!$silent) {
+            print "$My_name: Change directory back to '$cwd'\n";
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        # Use default substitutions etc for rule:
+        $return = Run_subst();
+    }
+    return $return;
+} #END run_makeindex
+
+#**************************************************
+
 sub normalize_force_directory {
     #  Usage, normalize_force_directory( dir, filename )
     #  Filename is assumed to be relative to dir (terminated with directory separator).
@@ -5214,6 +5505,7 @@
     }
     $dvi_name  = "%Z%R.dvi";
     $dviF_name = "%Z%R.dviF";
+    $hnt_name  = "%Z%R.hnt";
     $ps_name   = "%Z%R.ps";
     $psF_name  = "%Z%R.psF";
     $pdf_name  = "%Z%R.pdf";
@@ -5224,7 +5516,7 @@
     $xdv_name   = "%Y%R.xdv";
 
     foreach ( $aux_main, $log_name, $fdb_name, $fls_name, $fls_name_alt,
-              $dvi_name, $ps_name, $pdf_name, $xdv_name, $dviF_name, $psF_name ) {
+              $dvi_name, $hnt_name, $ps_name, $pdf_name, $xdv_name, $dviF_name, $psF_name ) {
         s/%R/$root_filename/g;
         s/%Y/$aux_dir1/;
         s/%Z/$out_dir1/;
@@ -5231,6 +5523,7 @@
     }
 
     $dvi_final = $dvi_name;
+    $hnt_final = $hnt_name;
     $ps_final  = $ps_name;
     $pdf_final = $pdf_name;
     $xdv_final = $xdv_name;
@@ -5257,12 +5550,11 @@
     # *latex always produces a log file unless there is a bad error, so
     # this gives the best chance of diagnosing errors.
     my $where_log = &find_set_log;
-
     if ( $emulate_aux && ($aux_dir ne $out_dir) ) {
         # Move output files from aux_dir to out_dir
         # Move fls file also, if the configuration is for fls in out_dir.
         # Omit 'xdv', that goes to aux_dir (as with MiKTeX). It's not final output.
-        foreach my $ext ( 'fls', 'dvi', 'pdf', 'ps', 'synctex', 'synctex.gz' ) {
+        foreach my $ext ( 'fls', 'dvi', 'hnt', 'pdf', 'ps', 'synctex', 'synctex.gz' ) {
             if ( ($ext eq 'fls') && ! $fls_uses_out_dir ) {next;}
             my $from =  "$aux_dir1$root_filename.$ext";
             my $to = "$out_dir1$root_filename.$ext" ;
@@ -5621,7 +5913,7 @@
                                  #    data structure until block is ended.)
     my %new_conversions = ();
     my $log_silent = ($silent ||  $silence_logfile_warnings);
-    @warning_list = ();
+    @warning_list = ();   # Warnings about undefined citations and the like
 
 LINE:
     for (@$PAlines) {
@@ -5712,7 +6004,7 @@
             push @multiply_defined_references, $2;
             $mult_defined++;
         }
-        elsif (/^LaTeX Warning: (Citation `([^']+)' on page .* undefined on input line .*)\./) {
+        elsif (/^LaTeX Warning: (Citation [`|']([^']+)' on page .* undefined on input line .*)\./) {
             push @warning_list, $1;
             push @undefined_citations, $2;
             $bad_citation++;
@@ -6062,22 +6354,40 @@
                 # Quote inside filename.  Probably misparse.
                 next INCLUDE_NAME;
             }
+            # Most (but not all) implementations of TeX, put a non-empty path
+            # in name of file read in .log file.  Flag the situation of no path
+            # separator in the file name: There's a high potential for misparse.
+            # Do this before normalizing filename, and analyzing its components.
+            my $no_path = ( $include_name !~ m'[/|\\]' );
             $include_name = normalize_filename( $include_name, @pwd_log );
             if ( ! defined $include_name )  { next INCLUDE_NAME; }
+            if ( ! -e $include_name )  { next INCLUDE_NAME; }
             my ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseB( $include_name );
             if ( ($path eq './') || ($path eq '.\\') ) {
                 $include_name = $base.$ext;
             }
-            if ( $include_name !~ m'[/|\\]' ) {
-                # Filename does not include a path character
-                # High potential for misparsed line
+            if ( $no_path ) {
                 $dependents{$include_name} = 2;
             } else {
                 $dependents{$include_name} = 3;
             }
             if ( $ext eq '.bbl' ) {
-                print "$My_name: Found input bbl file '$include_name'\n"
-                   unless $silent;
+                if ( -e $include_name ) {
+                   print "$My_name: Found input bbl file '$include_name'\n"
+                       unless $silent;
+                }
+                else {
+                    warn "$My_name: Bbl file '$include_name' is listed in .log file\n",
+                        "   as having been read, but it doesn't exist\n";
+                    if ( ($path eq '') && ($aux_dir ne '' ) && ( -e "%aux_dir1$include_name" ) ) {
+                        warn "  But it's in '$aux_dir'\n",
+                            "  There's probably a bug in .log file writing\n";
+                        $include_name = "%aux_dir1$include_name";
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        next;
+                    }
+                }
                 push @bbl_files, $include_name;
             }
         } # INCLUDE_NAME
@@ -6154,9 +6464,6 @@
                 #    exists, then the missing file does not correspond
                 #    to the missing file, unless the .tex file was
                 #    created during the run.  
-                # OLD $dependents{"$path$base.tex"} = 4;
-                # OLD delete $dependents{$candidate};
-                # NEW:
                 $dependents{"$path$base.tex"} = 4;
             }
             push @missing, $candidate;
@@ -6279,6 +6586,11 @@
     
     my ($file, $PAlines, $PHinfo) = @_;
     # Where lines are wrapped at.  We'll sometimes override.
+    # Note that TeXLive's hilatex, at least in TL 2023, with HINT 2.0,
+    # doesn't obey max_print_line environment or the corresponding
+    # -cnf-line option.  They work for pdflatex.
+    # Similarly for MiKTeX 23.10.12's hilatex, which reports the same version of
+    # HINT.
     local $log_wrap = $log_wrap;
 
     # Lines held for wrapping:
@@ -6315,6 +6627,8 @@
     #                luatex: UTF-8 but with wrapping at APPROXIMATELY
     #                        $log_wrap bytes. Rest as pdftex
     #                xetex:  UTF-8 with wrapping at $log_wrap codepoints.
+    #                hilatex: (TL 2023, HINT 2.0) Pure 7-bit ASCII with ^^
+    #                        encoding of non-ASCII. Wrapping at 79 bytes.
     # So we read file as bytes.  Then
     #   first line gives which program was used and hence whether to wrap
     #     according to byte or codepoint count.
@@ -6341,7 +6655,9 @@
             }
             $lua_mode = ( $engine =~ /lua.*tex/i );
             # TeXLive's *tex take log wrap value from environment variable max_print_line, if it exists:
-            if ( ($tex_distribution =~ /TeX\s*Live/) && $ENV{max_print_line} ) {
+            if ( ($tex_distribution =~ /TeX\s*Live/) &&
+                $ENV{max_print_line} ) {
+                # See comment earlier about hilatex.
                 $log_wrap = $ENV{max_print_line};
                 print "$My_name: changed column for log file wrapping from standard to $log_wrap\n".
                       "  from env. var. max_print_line, which is obeyed by your TeXLive programs\n"
@@ -6401,7 +6717,10 @@
         &$Pwrap_sub();
     }
     close($fh);
-    foreach (@$PAlines) { $_ = utf8_to_mine($_); }
+    foreach (@$PAlines) {
+        hathat_to_binary( $_ ) if ( $conv_hathat && /\^\^/ );
+        $_ = utf8_to_mine($_);
+    }
     push @$PAlines, "";  # Blank line to terminate.  So multiline blocks 
               # are always terminated by non-block line, rather than eof.
     $$PHinfo{max_len} = $max_len;
@@ -6586,6 +6905,28 @@
 
 #************************************************************
 
+sub hathat_to_binary {
+    # Convert ^^ notation to bytes (log files from non-8bit configured latex).
+    # In-line conversion.
+    # Usage, e.g., hathat_to_binary( $line  ) or hathat_to_binary( @array  ).
+    # 
+    foreach (@_){
+        next unless /\^\^/;
+        while ( /(\^\^([[:xdigit:]]{2}))/g ) {
+            my $match = $1;
+            my $hex = $2;
+            my $pos = pos($_);  # Regex analyzer positioned after match
+            my $before = $pos - length($match);
+            pos($_) = $before;
+            my $subst = chr hex $hex;
+            s/\G\Q$match/$subst/;
+            pos($_) = $before + length($subst);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#==============================================
+
 sub dirname_no_tail {
     my $dirname = $_[0];
     foreach ($dirname) {
@@ -6818,6 +7159,12 @@
    push @$Paux_files, $aux_file;
 AUX_LINE:
    while (<$aux_fh>) {
+       if ( /\^\^/ ) {
+           warn "$My_name: Line in '$aux_file' uses ^^ notation, which may\n".
+                "  cause trouble to bibtex:\n   $_";
+           # At least I need to be able to handle the line:
+           hathat_to_binary( $_ ) if $conv_hathat;
+       }
        $_ = utf8_to_mine($_);
        s/\s$//;
        if ( /^\\bibdata\{(.*)\}/ ) { 
@@ -6863,69 +7210,145 @@
 #************************************************************
 
 sub parse_bcf {
-    # Parse bcf file for bib and other source files.  
-    # Usage: parse_bcf( $bcf_file, \@new_bib_files )
+    # Parse bcf file for bib and other source files, and
+    #   do an elementary test for completeness.
+    # Usage: parse_bcf( $bcf_file, \$status, \%bib_files, \@found,
+    #                    \@not_found, \@remote )
     # If can't open bcf file, then
-    #    Return 0 and leave @new_bib_files empty
-    # Else set @new_bib_files from information in the
-    #       bcf files 
-    #    And:
-    #    Return 1 if no problems
-    #    Return 2 with @new_bib_files empty if there are no relevant source
-    #      file lines.
-    #    Return 3 if I couldn't locate all the bib_files
+    #    Return with $status = 0 and the hash and arrays empy.
+    #     
+    # Else set the hash and the arrays from information in the bcf_file,
+    # set $status to
+    #       1 if no problems
+    #       2 if there were no relevant datasource lines
+    #         Note this is not an error! *latex & biber will not report an
+    #         error, and will simply result in an empty b
+    #       3 if I couldn't locate all the bib_files
+    #       100 plus one of the codes 1..3 if the bcf file appears
+    #         incomplete. 
+    #
     # A full parse of .bcf file as XML would need an XML parsing module, which
     # is not in a default installation of Perl, notably in TeXLive's perl for
     # Win32 platform.  To avoid requiring the installation, just search the
     # .bcf file for the relevant lines.
+    #
+    #  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!??????????? Allow for remote bib files.
 
-    my $bcf_file = $_[0];
-    my $Pbib_files = $_[1];
-    # Default return value
-    @$Pbib_files = ();
-    # Map file specs (from datasource lines) to actual filenames:
-    local %bib_files = ();
-    my @not_found_bib = ();
+    use strict;
+    # Global variables used
+    our ( $My_name, $silent );
+    
+    my ($bcf_file, $Pstatus, $PHbib_files, $PAfound, $PAnot_found, $PAremote ) = @_;
+    $$Pstatus = 0;
 
+    my %glob_names = ();
+    my @found = ();
+    my @not_found = ();
+    my %remote = ();
+
+    my $incomplete = 0;  # Values 0 or 1
+
     open(my $bcf_fh, $bcf_file)
     || do {
-       warn "$My_name: Couldn't find bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
-       return 0; 
+        warn "$My_name: Couldn't find bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
     };
+    $$Pstatus = 1;
     while ( <$bcf_fh> ) {
         $_ = utf8_to_mine($_);
-        if ( /^\s*<bcf:datasource type=\"file\"\s+datatype=\"bibtex\"\s+glob=\"false\">(.+)<\/bcf:datasource>/ ) {
-            $bib_files{$1} = '';
+        if (eof($bcf_fh)) {
+            if ( ! /^\s*<\/bcf:controlfile>/ ) {
+                warn "$My_name: Incomplete (and hence corrupt) bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
+                $incomplete = 1;
+            }
         }
+        if ( /^\s*<bcf:datasource type=\"file\"\s+datatype=\"bibtex\"\s*(.*)>(.+)<\/bcf:datasource>/ ) {
+            my $tail = $1;  # Can contain a glob item, which will affect meaning of filename.
+            my $file = $2;
+            if ($file =~ /^http:|^https:|^ftp:|^ftps:/ ) { $remote{$file} = ''; }
+            elsif ($tail =~ /glob=\"true\"/ ) { $glob_names{$file} = ''; }
+            else { $$PHbib_files{$file} = ''; }
+        }
     }
     close $bcf_fh;
 
-    find_files( \%bib_files, 'bib', 'bib', $Pbib_files, \@not_found_bib );
-    if ( $#{$Pbib_files} == -1 ) {
-        # 
-        print "$My_name: No .bib files listed in .bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
-        return 2;
+    foreach my $spec ( keys %glob_names ) {
+        my @result = glob $spec;
+        if ( ($#result == 0) && ($spec eq $result[0]) ) {
+            # There was no wild card, and glob just returned the given
+            # name, which applies whether or not the file exists.
+            # We'll treat is the same as a non-globbed name.
+            $$PHbib_files{$spec} = '';
+            delete $glob_names{$spec};
+        }
+        else {
+            foreach (@result) { $$PHbib_files{$_} = $_; }
+        }
     }
+    foreach (keys %$PHbib_files) { if (-e) { $$PHbib_files{$_} = $_; } }
+    foreach my $spec (keys %$PHbib_files ) {
+        next if $$PHbib_files{$spec};
+        my @lines = kpsewhich( $spec );
+        if (@lines) { $$PHbib_files{$spec} = $lines[0]; }
+    }
+    while (my ($spec, $file) = each %$PHbib_files ) {
+        if ($file) { push @found, $file; }
+        else  { push @not_found, $spec; }
+    }
 
-    show_array( "$My_name: Bibliography file(s) from .bcf file:", @$Pbib_files )
+    @found = uniqs(@found);
+    @not_found = uniqs(@not_found);
+    push @$PAfound, @found;
+    push @$PAnot_found, @not_found;
+    push @$PAremote, sort keys %remote;
+
+    show_array( "$My_name: Bibliography file(s) from .bcf file:", sort( @found, @not_found ) )
         unless $silent;
-    if (@not_found_bib) {
-        show_array(
-            "Bib file(s) not found in search path:",
-            @not_found_bib );
-    }
-    if (@not_found_bib) {
-        if ($force_mode) {
+    if (@not_found) {
+        show_array( "Bib file(s) not found in search path:", @not_found );
+        if ($force_mode && ! $incomplete) {
             warn "$My_name: Failed to find one or more bibliography files in search path.\n";
             warn "====BUT force_mode is on, so I will continue. There may be problems ===\n";
         }
-        return 3;
+        $$Pstatus = 3;
     }
-    return 1;
+    $$Pstatus += 100 * $incomplete;
 
 } #END parse_bcf
 
+#************************************************************
 
+sub incomplete_bcf {
+    # Do simple check of bcf file for completeness.
+    # Usage: incomplete_bcf( $bcf_file )
+    # Reason for this subroutine: If a run of *latex exits prematurely
+    # because of an error, any bcf file generated would normally be
+    # incomplete. It is useful to test for this before running biber,
+    # especially as part of the end-of-run analysis for *latex, to do
+    # appropriate clean up in an error situation. 
+    # Perhaps it would be ideal to check for other kinds of malformed bcf
+    # file, but the incomplete run from error termination of *latex is
+    # likely to be the most common case.
+    # Return 1 if bcf file exists but does NOT have the expected final line.
+    # Otherwise return 0.
+
+    my $bcf_file = $_[0];
+    my $last_line = '';
+
+    open(my $bcf_fh, $bcf_file)
+    || do {
+       warn "$My_name: Couldn't find bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
+       return 0; 
+    };
+    while ( <$bcf_fh> ) {
+        if (eof($bcf_fh)) { $last_line = $_; }
+    }
+    close $bcf_fh;
+    if ( $last_line =~ /^\s*<\/bcf:controlfile>/ ) { return 0; }
+    warn "$My_name: Incomplete (and hence corrupt) bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
+    return 1;
+} #END incomplete_bcf
+
+
 #************************************************************
 #************************************************************
 #************************************************************
@@ -7416,7 +7839,11 @@
     # Set its dependents etc, using information from log, aux, and fls files.
     # Use fls file only if $recorder is set, and the fls file was generated
     # on this run.
-    # Return: 
+    # Return: An array: ( Whether there are missing directories,
+    #                     reference to array of missing directories,
+    #                     whether there are bad warnings
+    #                    )
+    # (Missing directories are those for aux files in aux_dir.)
 
     # N.B.  A complication which we try and handle in determining
     #   dependent files is that there may be aliasing of file names,
@@ -7756,7 +8183,7 @@
             $failure = 0;
         }
         $created_rules{$ind_file} = $from_rule;
-    }
+    } # end IDX_FILE
 
     local %processed_aux_files = ();
   BBL_FILE:
@@ -7763,9 +8190,6 @@
     foreach my $bbl_file ( uniqs( @bbl_files ) ) {
         my ($bbl_base, $bbl_path, $bbl_ext) = fileparseA( $bbl_file );
         $bbl_base = $bbl_path.$bbl_base;
-        my @new_bib_files = ();
-        my @new_aux_files = ();
-        my @new_bst_files = ();
         my $bcf_file =  "$bbl_base.bcf";
         my $bib_program = 'bibtex';
         if ( test_gen_file( $bcf_file ) ) {
@@ -7772,66 +8196,104 @@
             $bib_program = 'biber';
         }
         my $from_rule = "$bib_program $bbl_base";
-        print "=======  Dealing with '$from_rule'\n" if ($diagnostics);
+        $created_rules{$bbl_file} = $from_rule;
+        print "  ===Source file '$bbl_file' for '$rule'\n"
+            if ($diagnostics);
+        rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $bbl_file, $from_rule );
+        if ( ! -e $bbl_file ) { 
+            # Failure was non-existence of makable file
+            # Leave failure issue to other rules.
+            $failure = 0;
+        }
+
         # Don't change to use activation and deactivation here, rather than
         # creation and removal of rules.  This is because rules are to be
         # created on the fly here with details corresponding to current state
         # of .tex source file(s). So activating a previously inactive rule,
-        # which is out-of-date, may cause trouble.
+        # which is out-of-date, may cause trouble. ????????????? I just use previous rule, if it exists???
         if ($bib_program eq 'biber') {
             # Remove OPPOSITE kind of bbl generation:
             rdb_remove_rule( "bibtex $bbl_base" );
-
-            parse_bcf( $bcf_file, \@new_bib_files );
-        }
+            # Get information from .bcf file:
+            my $bcf_status = 0;
+            my %bib_files = ();
+            my @found = ();
+            my @not_found = ();
+            my @remote = ();
+            parse_bcf( $bcf_file, \$bcf_status, \%bib_files,
+                       \@found, \@not_found, \@remote );
+            my @new_sources = (@found, @not_found);
+            push @new_sources, $bcf_file;
+            if ( ! rdb_rule_exists( $from_rule ) ){
+                print "   ===Creating rule '$from_rule'\n" if ($diagnostics);
+                rdb_create_rule( $from_rule, 'external', $biber, '', 1,
+                                 $bcf_file, $bbl_file, $bbl_base,
+                                 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$bbl_base.blg" ]  );
+                # Since the rule is new, populate it with the best information
+                # that we have;
+                rdb_ensure_file_multi( $from_rule, @new_sources );
+            }
+            # Cache the information about source files from .bcf file, for use
+            # when biber terminates earlier:
+            rdb_set_extra( $from_rule, 'bcf_datasources',  [@new_sources] );
+            if ($bcf_status >= 100 ) {
+                my $save_bcf = "$bcf_file$save_error_suffix";
+                my $save_bbl = "$bbl_file$save_error_suffix";
+                warn "$My_name: ========== Incomplete bcf_file '$bcf_file'.\n",
+                    "  I'll rename the file to '$save_bcf'.\n";
+                rename $bcf_file, $save_bcf;
+                if ($bibtex_use) {
+                    warn "  I'll rename the bbl file to '$save_bbl',\n",
+                        "  in case the incomplete bcf file was a result of error in\n",
+                        "  '$rule' caused by an error in the bbl file.\n";
+                    rename $bbl_file, $save_bbl;
+                }
+            }
+            if ( ($bibtex_use == 1) || ($bibtex_use == 1.5)  ) {
+                # Conditional use of biber => we'll make decisions on
+                # whether to run biber according to whether all bib files
+                # exist. That's on the basis of the source list of the
+                # biber rule. So if the latest information from .bcf file
+                # is that a previously listed but non-existent bib file is
+                # not in the list from the .bcf file, then we remove it
+                # from the source list of biber.
+                # AND I must add any files listed in .bcf that are
+                # non-existent. 
+                my @bib_to_remove = ();
+                foreach (rdb_get_source( $from_rule ) ) {
+                    if ( ( /\.bib$/ ) && ( ! -e $_ ) && ( ! exists $bib_files{$_} ) ) {
+                        push @bib_to_remove, $_;
+                    }
+                }
+                show_array( "Bib files to remove from source list of '$from_rule'",
+                            @bib_to_remove
+                    ) if $diagnostics;
+                rdb_remove_files( $from_rule, @bib_to_remove );
+                show_array( "Bib files to add to source list of '$from_rule'",
+                            @not_found
+                    ) if $diagnostics;
+                rdb_ensure_file_multi( $from_rule, @not_found );
+            }
+        } # end biber setup 
         else {
+            # Using bibtex
             # Remove OPPOSITE kind of bbl generation:
             rdb_remove_rule( "biber $bbl_base" );
-            
-            parse_aux( "$bbl_base.aux", \@new_bib_files, \@new_aux_files, \@new_bst_files );
-        }
-        if ( ! rdb_rule_exists( $from_rule ) ){
-            print "   ===Creating rule '$from_rule'\n" if ($diagnostics);
-            if ( $bib_program eq 'biber' ) {
-                rdb_create_rule( $from_rule, 'external', $biber, '', 1,
-                                 $bcf_file, $bbl_file, $bbl_base, 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$bbl_base.blg" ]  );
-            }
-            else {
+            if ( ! rdb_rule_exists( $from_rule ) ){
                 rdb_create_rule( $from_rule, 'external', $bibtex, 'run_bibtex', 1,
-                                  "$bbl_base.aux", $bbl_file, $bbl_base, 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$bbl_base.blg" ]  );
+                                 "$bbl_base.aux", $bbl_file, $bbl_base,
+                                 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$bbl_base.blg" ]  );
             }
-        }
-        $created_rules{$bbl_file} = $from_rule;
-        local %old_sources = ();
-        rdb_one_rule( $from_rule, sub { %old_sources = %$PHsource; } );
-        my @new_sources = ( @new_bib_files, @new_aux_files, @new_bst_files );
-        if ( $bib_program eq 'biber' ) {
-            push @new_sources, $bcf_file;
-        }
-        foreach my $source ( @new_sources ) {
-            print "  ===Source file '$source' for '$from_rule'\n"
-               if ($diagnostics);
-            rdb_ensure_file( $from_rule, $source );
-            delete $old_sources{$source};
-        }
-        foreach my $source ( @new_aux_files ) {
-            $processed_aux_files{$source} = 1;
-        }
-        if ($diagnostics) {
-            foreach ( keys %old_sources ) {
-                print "Removing no-longer-needed dependent '$_' from rule '$from_rule'\n";
-            }
-        }
-        rdb_remove_files( $from_rule, keys %old_sources );
-        print "  ===Source file '$bbl_file' for '$rule'\n"
-            if ($diagnostics);
-        rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $bbl_file, $from_rule );
-        if ( ! -e $bbl_file ) { 
-            # Failure was non-existence of makable file
-            # Leave failure issue to other rules.
-            $failure = 0;
-        }
-    }
+            my @new_bib_files = ();
+            my @new_aux_files = ();
+            my @new_bst_files = ();
+            parse_aux( "$bbl_base.aux",
+                       \@new_bib_files, \@new_aux_files, \@new_bst_files );
+            foreach ( @new_aux_files ) { $processed_aux_files{$_} = 1; }
+            rdb_set_source( $from_rule,
+                            @new_bib_files, @new_aux_files, @new_bst_files );
+        }  # end bibtex set upt
+    } # end BBL_FILE
 
     if ( ($#aux_hooks > -1) && ! exists $processed_aux_files{$aux_main} ) {
         my @new_bib_files = ();
@@ -7951,7 +8413,8 @@
     rdb_remove_files( $rule, @files_not_needed );
 
     return ($missing_dirs, [@missing_subdirs],
-            ( $log_info{bad_warning} ? 1 : 0 ) );
+            ( $log_info{bad_warning} ? 1 : 0 ),
+           );
 
 } # END rdb_set_latex_deps
 
@@ -8372,6 +8835,7 @@
     my @dest_exts = ();
     if ($pdf_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.pdf';}
     if ($dvi_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.dvi';}
+    if ($hnt_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.hnt';}
     if ($postscript_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.ps';}
 
     my $deps_space = ' ';
@@ -8760,6 +9224,7 @@
             print "=========SWITCH OF OUTPUT WAS DONE.\n";
             next PASS;
         }
+        
         if ( ($runs > 0) && ! $too_many_passes ) {
             $retry_msg = 0;
             if ( $force_mode || (! $failure) ) {
@@ -8894,6 +9359,33 @@
     else { print "$My_name: Nothing to do for '$texfile_name'.\n"; }
 
     # Diagnostics
+    my @missing_bib = ();
+    my @bibx_vetoed = ();
+    rdb_for_some( [rdb_accessible()],
+                  sub{ if ( $rule =~ /^(biber|bibtex)/ ) {
+                           my $veto = $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed};
+                           if ( $veto ) {
+                               push @bibx_vetoed, $rule;
+                               if ( (ref($veto) eq 'ARRAY') && (@$veto) ) { push @missing_bib, @$veto; }
+                           }
+                       }
+                  }
+        );
+    if (@bibx_vetoed && ! $silent) {
+        show_array(
+            "\n$My_name: The following rules were vetoed from being run, because of the\n".
+            "setting for the non-use/condititional use of bibtex/biber:",
+            sort( @bibx_vetoed )
+        );
+        if ($bibtex_use == 0) { print "Reason: I am configured not to use bibtex/biber\n"; }
+        elsif (@missing_bib) {
+            show_array(
+                "Reason: I am configured only to use bibtex/biber if all .bib files exist,\n".
+                "but the following didn't:",
+                uniqs( @missing_bib )
+            );
+        }
+    }
     if ($#primary_warning_summary > -1) {
         # N.B. $mult_defined, $bad_reference, $bad_character, $bad_citation also available here.
         show_array( "$My_name: Summary of warnings from last run of *latex:", 
@@ -8900,10 +9392,10 @@
                     @primary_warning_summary );
     }
     if ( ($#warning_list >= 0) && !$silence_logfile_warnings ) {
-        warn "$My_name: ====List of undefined refs and citations:\n";
+        warn "$My_name: ====Undefined refs and citations with line #s in .tex file:\n";
         for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#warning_list; $i++) {
             if ($i >= $max_logfile_warnings ) {
-                warn " And ", $#warning_list + 1 - $i, " more --- see log file.\n";    
+                warn " And ", $#warning_list + 1 - $i, " more --- see log file '$log_name'\n";
                 last;
             }
             warn "  $warning_list[$i]\n";
@@ -9006,33 +9498,19 @@
     # define $pass{$rule} elsewhere, do it here:
     if ( ! defined $pass{$rule} ) {$pass{$rule} = 0; }
 
-    # Special fix up for bibtex:
-    my $bibtex_not_run = -1;   # Flags status as to whether this is a
-        # bibtex rule and if it is, whether out-of-date condition is to
-        # be ignored.
-        #  -1 => not a bibtex rule
-        #   0 => no special treatment
-        #   1 => don't run bibtex because of non-existent bibfiles
-        #           (and setting to do this test)
-        #   2 => don't run bibtex because of setting
-    my @missing_bib_files = ();
-    if ( $rule =~ /^(bibtex|biber)/ ) {
-        $bibtex_not_run = 0;
-        if ($bibtex_use == 0) {
-           $bibtex_not_run = 2;
+    my %changes = ();
+    if ( ! rdb_rerun_needed(\%changes, 0) ) {
+        my $veto = $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed};
+        if ($veto && ! $silent ) {
+            warn "$My_name: Veto of running of '$rule' (\$bibtex_use=$bibtex_use)\n";
         }
-        elsif ( ($bibtex_use == 1) || ($bibtex_use == 1.5) ) {
-            # Conditional run of bibtex (or biber) depending on existence of .bib file.
-            foreach ( keys %$PHsource ) {
-                if ( ( /\.bib$/ ) && (! -e $_) ) {
-                    push @missing_bib_files, $_;
-                    $bibtex_not_run = 1;
-                }
-            }
-        }
+        return;
     }
 
-    if ( ! rdb_rerun_needed(\%changes, 0) ) { return; }
+    if (!$silent) { 
+        print "$My_name: applying rule '$rule'...\n";
+        &rdb_diagnose_changes2( \%changes, "Rule '$rule': ", 0 );
+    }
 
     # Set this in case of early exit:
     # ???!!! Check I am setting $missing_dvi_pdf correctly.
@@ -9039,15 +9517,10 @@
     if ( $$Pdest && (! -e $$Pdest)  && ( $$Pcmd_type eq 'primary' ) ) {
         $missing_dvi_pdf = $$Pdest;
     }
-
-    if (!$silent) { 
-        print "$My_name: applying rule '$rule'...\n";
-        &rdb_diagnose_changes2( \%changes, "Rule '$rule': ", 0 );
-    }
-
     # We are applying the rule, so its source file state for when it was
-    # last made is as of now.  This is do in the subroutines that do the
-    # actual run, to allow for possible calls to them from other places.
+    # last made should be as of now.  This is done in the subroutines that
+    # do the actual run, to allow for possible calls to them from other
+    # places.  (Actually only rdb_run1, now.)
 
     # The actual run
     my $return = 0;   # Return code from called routine
@@ -9069,21 +9542,10 @@
     $runs_total++;
 
     $pass{$rule}++;
-    if ($bibtex_not_run > 0) {
-        if ($bibtex_not_run == 1 ) {
-            show_array ("$My_name: I WON'T RUN '$rule' because I don't find the following files:",
-                        @missing_bib_files);
-        }
-        elsif ($bibtex_not_run == 2 ) {
-            warn "$My_name: I AM CONFIGURED/INVOKED NOT TO RUN '$rule'\n"; 
-        }
-        $return = &rdb_dummy_run0;
-    }
-    else {
-        warn_running( "Run number $pass{$rule} of rule '$rule'" );
-        $return = &rdb_run1;
-    }
 
+    warn_running( "Run number $pass{$rule} of rule '$rule'" );
+    $return = &rdb_run1;
+
     if ($$Pchanged) {
         $newrule_nofile = 1;
         $return = 0;
@@ -9090,10 +9552,10 @@
     }
     elsif ( $$Pdest && ( !-e $$Pdest ) && (! $failure) ){
         # If there is a destination to make, but for some reason
-        #    it did not get made, and no other error was reported, 
-        #    then a priori there appears to be an error condition:
-        #    the run failed.   But there are some important cases in
-        #    which this is a wrong diagnosis.
+        #    it did not get made, and an error condition wasn't set already
+        #    in $failure, then a priori there appears to be an error
+        #    condition, i.e., the run failed.   But there are some important
+        #    cases in which this is a wrong diagnosis.
         if ( ( $$Pcmd_type eq 'cusdep') && $$Psource && (! -e $$Psource) ) {
             # However, if the rule is a custom dependency, this is not by
             #  itself an error, if also the source file does not exist.  In 
@@ -9117,19 +9579,12 @@
            # Missing output file was reported to be NOT an error
            $$Pout_of_date = 0;
         }
-        elsif ( ($bibtex_use <= 1.5) && ($bibtex_not_run > 0) ) {
-           # Lack of destination file is not to be treated as an error
-           # for a bibtex rule when latexmk is configured not to treat
-           # this as an error, and the lack of a destination file is the
-           # only error.
-           $$Pout_of_date = 0;
-        }
         else {
             $failure = 1;
         }
     }
     if ( ($return != 0) && ($return != -2) ) {
-        $failure = 1; 
+        $failure = 1;
         $$Plast_result = 2;
         if ( !$$Plast_message ) {
             $$Plast_message = "Run of rule '$rule' gave a non-zero error code";
@@ -9149,6 +9604,11 @@
     # Otherwise: 0 on other kind of success, 
     #            -1 on error, 
     #            -2 when missing dest_file is to be ignored
+    #            -3 for situation like biber with malformed bcf file:
+    #                  missing dest_file that can't be made without
+    #                     change of source file
+    #                  error is to be reported
+    #                  corrupt source file has been deleted/renamed.
 
     # Defaults for summary of results of run.
     $$Prun_time = time();
@@ -9233,105 +9693,10 @@
         run_hooks( 'after_xlatex_analysis' );
     }
     elsif ( $rule =~ /^biber/ ) {
-        my @biber_datasource = ( );
-        my $retcode = check_biber_log( $$Pbase, \@biber_datasource );
-        foreach my $source ( @biber_datasource ) {
-#           if ( $source =~ /\"/ ) {next; }
-            print "  ===Source file '$source' for '$rule'\n"
-               if ($diagnostics);
-            rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $source );
-        }
-        if ($retcode == 5) {
-        # Special treatment if sole missing file is bib file
-        # I don't want to treat that as an error
-            $return = 0;
-            $$Plast_result = 200;
-            $$Plast_message = "Could not find bib file for '$$Pbase'";
-            push @warnings, "Bib file not found for '$$Pbase'";
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 6) {
-           # Missing control file.  Need to remake it (if possible)
-           # Don't treat missing bbl file as error.
-           print "$My_name: bibtex control file missing.  Since that can\n",
-                "   be recreated, I'll try to do so.\n";
-           $return = -2;
-           rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 4) {
-            $$Plast_result = 2;
-            $$Plast_message = "Could not find all biber source files for '$$Pbase'";
-            push @warnings, "Not all biber source files found for '$$Pbase'";
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 3) {
-            $$Plast_result = 2;
-            $$Plast_message = "Could not open biber log file for '$$Pbase'";
-            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 2) {
-            $$Plast_message = "Biber errors: See file '$$Pbase.blg'";
-            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 1) {
-            push @warnings, "Biber warnings for '$$Pbase'";
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 10) {
-            push @warnings, "Biber found no citations for '$$Pbase'";
-            # Biber doesn't generate a bbl file in this situation.
-            $return = -2;
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 11) {
-            push @warnings, "Biber: malformed bcf file for '$$Pbase'.  IGNORE";
-            if (!$silent) {
-               print "$My_name: biber found malformed bcf file for '$$Pbase'.\n",
-                    "  I'll ignore error, and delete any bbl file.\n";
-            }
-            # Malformed bcf file is a downstream consequence, normally,
-            # of an error in *latex run.  So this is not an error
-            # condition in biber itself.
-            # Current version of biber deletes bbl file.
-            # Older versions (pre-2016) made an incorrect bbl file, which
-            # tended to cause latex errors, and give a self-perpetuating error.
-            # To be safe, ensure the bbl file doesn't exist.
-            unlink $$Pdest;
-            # The missing bbl file is now not an error:
-            $return = -2;
-        }
+        after_biber( \$return );
     }
     elsif ( $rule =~ /^bibtex/ ) {
-        my $retcode = check_bibtex_log($$Pbase);
-        if ( ! -e $$Psource ) {
-            $retcode = 10;
-            if (!$silent) {
-                print "Source '$$Psource' for '$rule' doesn't exist,\n",
-                    "so I'll force *latex to run to try and make it.\n";
-            }
-            rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
-        }
-        if ($retcode == 3) {
-            $$Plast_result = 2;
-            $$Plast_message = "Could not open bibtex log file for '$$Pbase'";
-            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 2) {
-            $$Plast_message = "Bibtex errors: See file '$$Pbase.blg'";
-            $failure = 1;
-            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 1) {
-            push @warnings, "Bibtex warnings for '$$Pbase'";
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 10) {
-            push @warnings, "Bibtex found no citations for '$$Pbase',\n",
-                            "    or bibtex found a missing aux file\n";
-            if (! -e $$Pdest ) {
-                print "$My_name: Bibtex did not produce '$$Pdest'.  But that\n",
-                     "     was because of missing files, so I will continue.\n";
-                $return = -2;
-            }
-            else {
-                $return = 0;
-            }
-        }
+        after_bibtex( \$return );
     }
     else {
         # No special analysis for other rules
@@ -9366,28 +9731,6 @@
 
 #-----------------
 
-sub rdb_dummy_run0 {
-    # Assumes contexts for: rule.
-    # Update rule state as if the rule ran successfully,
-    #    but don't run the rule.
-    # Returns 0 (success code)
-
-    # Source file data, by definition, correspond to the file state just before 
-    # the latest run, and the run_time to the time just before the run:
-    &rdb_update_files;
-    $$Prun_time = time();
-    $$Pchanged = 0;       # No special changes in files
-    $$Plast_result = 0;
-    $$Plast_result_info = 'CURR';
-    $$Plast_message = '';
-
-    $$Pout_of_date = $$Pout_of_date_user = 0;
-
-    return 0;
-}  # END rdb_dummy_run0
-
-#-----------------
-
 sub Run_subst {
     # Call: Run_subst( cmd, msg, options, source, dest, base )
     # Runs command with substitutions.
@@ -9465,6 +9808,9 @@
     return $return;
 } #END Run_subst
 
+
+#************************************************************
+
 sub analyze_latex_run {
     # Call: analyze_latex_run(old_ret_code)
     # Analyze results of run of *latex (or whatever was run instead) from
@@ -9493,7 +9839,7 @@
     my ($missing_dirs, $PA_missing_subdirs, $bad_warnings) = &rdb_set_latex_deps;
     if ($bad_warning_is_error && $bad_warnings) {
         warn "$My_name: Serious warnings in .log configured to be errors\n";
-        $return ||= $bad_warnings;1
+        $return ||= $bad_warnings;
     }
 
     # For each file of the kind made by epstopdf.sty during a run, 
@@ -9623,7 +9969,7 @@
      );
 
     return $user_changes;
-}
+} #END rdb_user_changes
 
 #************************************************************
 
@@ -9648,6 +9994,9 @@
     local our $PHchanges = shift;
     local our $outside_make_loop = shift;
 
+    my $bibx_rule = ( $rule =~ /^(biber|bibtex)/ );
+    
+
     # File level routine reports its results in %$PHchanges: maps kind of
     # change to ref to array of files with that kind of change.  
     %$PHchanges = ();
@@ -9766,6 +10115,11 @@
             elsif ( $$Pcmd_type eq 'delegated' ) {
                 # Delegate to destination rule
             }
+            elsif ( $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed} ) {
+                # Previous attempt at a run of biber/bibtex was vetoed
+                # So it's pointless to rerun it unless there was some
+                # other change, which will have been detected.
+            }
             else {
                 $rerun_needed = 1;
                 push @{$$PHchanges{no_dest}}, $rule;
@@ -9779,6 +10133,43 @@
         }
     }
     $$Pno_history = 0;    # See comments in definition of %rule_db.
+    if ( $$Psource && (! -e $$Psource) ) {
+#           print "================In '$rule', no source '$$Psource'\n";
+    }
+
+    if ( $bibx_rule ) {
+        # Check whether run of biber/bibtex rule is to be vetoed.
+        # Default to no veto:
+        $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed} = 0;
+        if ($rerun_needed) {
+            if ($bibtex_use == 0) {
+                # Do not use biber/bibtex at all
+                $rerun_needed = 0;
+                $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed} = 1;
+            }
+            elsif ($bibtex_use < 1.9) {
+                # Conditional bibtex/biber use, if all .bib files exist
+                my @missing_bib_files = ();
+                foreach ( keys %$PHsource ) {
+                    if ( ( /\.bib$/ ) && (! -e $_) ) {
+                        push @missing_bib_files, $_;
+                    }
+                }
+                if ( @missing_bib_files ) {
+                    $rerun_needed = 0;
+                    $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed} = [ sort @missing_bib_files ];
+                }                
+            }
+            if ($$PHextra{bibx_vetoed}) {
+                # Avoid propagating error state from previous invocations,
+                # since things might have changed if I did a run instead of
+                # vetoing it.  A saved non-zero error state tends to stop
+                # certain things from being run.
+                $$Plast_result = 0;
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
     if ($rerun_needed) {
         push @{$$PHchanges{rules_to_apply}}, $rule;
     }
@@ -10122,9 +10513,13 @@
 #===== Accesses rule part of database structure =======
 
     local ( $rule, $rule_act1, $file_act, $rule_act2 ) = @_;
-    if ( (! $rule) || ! rdb_rule_exists($rule) ) { return; }
+    if ( (! $rule) || ! rdb_rule_exists($rule) ) {
+        die_trace( "$My_name: BUG in call to rdb_one_rule: non-existent rule '$rule'" );
+    }
 
-    local ( $PArule_data, $PHsource, $PHdest, $PHrewritten_before_read, $PHsource_rules ) = @{$rule_db{$rule}};
+    local ( $PArule_data, $PHsource, $PHdest, $PHrewritten_before_read,
+            $PHsource_rules, $PHextra )
+          = @{$rule_db{$rule}};
     local ($Pcmd_type, $Pext_cmd, $PAint_cmd, $Pno_history, 
            $Psource, $Pdest, $Pbase,
            $Pout_of_date, $Pout_of_date_user, $Prun_time, $Pcheck_time,
@@ -10286,6 +10681,7 @@
            {},
            {},
            {},
+           {},
            {}
         ];
     foreach my $file ($source, @$PAextra_source ) {
@@ -10368,36 +10764,80 @@
     if ( ! defined $new_file ) {
         die_trace( "$My_name: BUG in call to rdb_ensure_file: undefined file for '$rule'" );
     }
-    if ( $new_file =~ /\"/ ) {
-        warn "$My_name: in rdb_ensure_file for rule '$rule', there is a double quote in\n",
-             "  the filename: '$new_file'.\n",
-             "  I cannot handle this, will ignore this file.\n";
-        return;
-    }
     if ( ! defined $set_not_exists ) { $set_not_exists = 0; }
-    rdb_one_rule( $rule, 
-                  sub{
-                      if (! exists ${$PHsource}{$new_file} ) {
-                          if ( $set_not_exists ) {
-                              ${$PHsource}{$new_file} = [@nofile, '', 0];
-                          }
-                          else {
-                              ${$PHsource}{$new_file} 
-                              = [fdb_get($new_file, $$Prun_time), '', 0];
-                          }
-                      }
+    rdb_one_rule(
+        $rule, sub{ if ($set_not_exists)  { rdb_ensure_new_files_here($new_file); }
+                       else { rdb_ensure_files_here($new_file); }
                   }
     );
-    if (defined $new_from_rule ) {
-        $from_rules{$new_file} = $new_from_rule;
-    }
+    if (defined $new_from_rule ) { $from_rules{$new_file} = $new_from_rule; }
 } #END rdb_ensure_file 
 
 #************************************************************
 
+sub rdb_ensure_file_multi {
+    # rdb_ensure_file( rule, file ... )
+    # Ensures the source files exist in the given rule.
+    # Like rdb_ensure_file, but without the possible setting of a from rule
+    # or of the initialization to non-existent file
+    #============ NOTE: rule and file data set here ===============================
+    use strict;
+    my $rule = shift;
+    my @files = @_;
+    rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub { rdb_ensure_files_here( @files ); } );
+} #END rdb_ensure_file_multi
+
+#************************************************************
+
+sub rdb_ensure_files_here {
+    # rdb_ensure_files_here( file, ...)
+    # Assumes rule context
+    # Ensures the given files are in the source file list.
+    # For added files, initialize state to current of file,
+    # as is appropriate if the file was read in latest run of rule
+    use strict;
+    our ($rule, $My_name, $PHsource, $Prun_time);
+    foreach (@_) {
+        if ( /\"/ ) {
+             warn "$My_name: in rdb_ensure_files_here for rule '$rule', there\n",
+                  "  is a double quote in the filename: '$_'.\n",
+                  "  I cannot handle this, will ignore this file.\n";
+             next;
+        }
+        if (! exists ${$PHsource}{$_} ) {
+            ${$PHsource}{$_} = [fdb_get($_, $$Prun_time), '', 0];
+        }
+    }
+} #DN rdb_ensure_files_here
+
+#************************************************************
+
+sub rdb_ensure_new_files_here {
+    # rdb_ensure_new_files_here( file, ...)
+    # Assumes rule context
+    # Ensures the given files are in the source file list.
+    # For added files, initialize state to non-existent,
+    # as is appropriate if the file is new to the rule
+    use strict;
+    our ($rule, $My_name, $PHsource, @nofile);
+    foreach (@_) {
+        if ( /\"/ ) {
+             warn "$My_name: in rdb_ensure_new_files_here for rule '$rule', there\n",
+                  "  is a double quote in the filename: '$_'.\n",
+                  "  I cannot handle this, will ignore this file.\n";
+             next;
+        }
+        if (! exists ${$PHsource}{$_} ) {
+            ${$PHsource}{$_} = [@nofile, '', 0];
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#************************************************************
+
 sub rdb_remove_files {
     # rdb_remove_file( rule, file, ... )
-    # Removes file(s) for the rule.  
+    # Removes file(s) for the rule.
     my $rule = shift;
     if (!$rule) { return; }
     local @files = @_;
@@ -10408,37 +10848,86 @@
 
 #************************************************************
 
-sub rdb_list_source {
-    # rdb_list_source( rule )
+sub rdb_get_extra {
+    # rdb_get_extra( rule, key )
+    # Returns value pointed to by key in the rule's extra hash.
+    # Mostly for use when not in context of the given rule
+    # or from user code.
+    use strict;
+    our $PHextra;
+    my ($rule, $key) = @_;
+    my $info = undef;
+    rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub{ $info = $$PHextra{$key}; } );
+    return $info;
+} #END rdb_get_extra
+
+#************************************************************
+
+sub rdb_set_extra {
+    # rdb_set_extra( rule, key, value )
+    # Set value pointed to by key in the rule's extra hash.
+    # Mostly for use when not in context of the given rule,
+    # or from user code.
+    use strict;
+    our $PHextra;
+    my ($rule, $key, $value) = @_;
+    rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub{ $$PHextra{$key} = $value; } );
+} #END rdb_set_extra
+
+#************************************************************
+
+sub rdb_get_source {
+    # rdb_get_source( rule )
     # Return array of source files for rule.
-    my $rule = shift;
+    use strict;
+    our $PHsource;
+    my $rule = $_[0];
     my @files = ();
-    rdb_one_rule( $rule, 
-                  sub{ @files = keys %$PHsource; }
-    );
+    rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub{ @files = keys %$PHsource; } );
     return @files;
-} #END rdb_list_source
+} #END rdb_get_source
 
 #************************************************************
 
+sub rdb_show_source {
+    # rdb_show_source( rule[, msg] )
+    # Display sorted source files for rule, preceeded by optional message
+    use strict;
+    my ($rule, $msg) = @_;
+    print( $msg ) if $msg;
+    show_array( "Source files for '$rule'", sort( rdb_get_source($rule) ));
+} #END rdb_show_source
+
+#************************************************************
+
 sub rdb_set_source {
     # rdb_set_source( rule, file, ... )
+    # Set the source file list for rule to given files
+    use strict;
     my $rule = shift;
-    if (!$rule) { return; }
-    my %files = ();
-    foreach (@_) {
-#       if ( /\"/ ) {next; }
-        rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $_ );
-        $files{$_} = 1;
-    }
-    foreach ( rdb_list_source($rule) ) {
-        if ( ! exists $files{$_} ) { rdb_remove_files( $rule, $_ ); }
-    }    
-    return;
-} #END rdb_list_source
+    my @files = @_;
+    rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub { rdb_set_source_here( @files ); } );
+} #END rdb_set_source
 
 #************************************************************
 
+sub rdb_set_source_here {
+    # rdb_set_source_here( file, ... )
+    # Set the source file list for current rule to given files
+    # Rule context assumed.
+    use strict;
+    our ( $rule, $PHsource, $Psource );
+    my @files = @_;
+    push( @files, $$Psource)
+        if ($$Psource);
+    my %deletions = %$PHsource;
+    foreach (@files) { delete $deletions{$_};  }
+    rdb_remove_files( $rule, keys %deletions );
+    rdb_ensure_files_here( @files );
+} #END rdb_set_source
+
+#************************************************************
+
 sub rdb_rule_exists { 
     # Call rdb_rule_exists($rule): Returns whether rule exists.
     my $rule = shift;
@@ -10464,7 +10953,12 @@
 sub rdb_update_gen_files {
     # Assumes rule context.  Update source files of rule to current state,
     # but only for source files that are generated by this or another rule.
-    rdb_do_files( 
+    if ($$PHextra{bibx_vetoed} ) {
+        # I will NOT update generated source files for vetoed rule, so that
+        # source file state for the rule corresponds to last actual run of rule
+        return;
+    }
+    rdb_do_files(
         sub{  if ( exists $from_rules{$file} ) { &rdb_update1; }  }
     );
 } #END rdb_update_gen_files
@@ -10749,7 +11243,7 @@
   my $return_mtime = 0;
   foreach my $include (@_)
   {
-    my $include_mtime = &get_mtime($include);
+    my $include_mtime = get_mtime($include);
     # The file $include may not exist.  If so ignore it, otherwise
     # we'll get an undefined variable warning.
     if ( ($include_mtime) && ($include_mtime >  $return_mtime) )
@@ -10787,12 +11281,12 @@
 sub processing_time {
     # Return time used.
     # Either total processing time of process and child processes as reported
-    # in pieces by times(), or HiRes time since Epoch depending on setting of
+    # in pieces by times(), or time since Epoch depending on setting of
     # $times_are_clock.
     # That variable is to be set on OSs (MSWin32) where times() does not
     # include time for subprocesses.
     if ($times_are_clock) {
-        return Time::HiRes::time();
+        return time();
     }
     my ($user, $system, $cuser, $csystem) = times();
     return $user + $system + $cuser + $csystem;
@@ -10880,7 +11374,7 @@
     # files), which are few in number.  Only likely conceivable case for
     # having many files is with a big document, for which *latex running
     # time is large, so almost certainly that dwarfs run time for several
-    # runs of kpsewhich. 
+    # runs of kpsewhich.
 
     my ($PHfiles, $format, $ext, $PAfiles, $PAnot_found) = @_;
     @$PAfiles = @$PAnot_found = ();
@@ -10900,7 +11394,7 @@
         if ( ! /\..*$/ ) { $_ .= ".$ext"; }
         push @$PAfiles, $_;
     }
-    
+
     return 1 + $#{$PAnot_found};
 } #END find_files
 
@@ -11001,7 +11495,7 @@
         }
     }
     $cmd =~ s/%[RBTDO]//g;
-    $cmd =~ s/%S/@_/g;
+    $cmd =~ s/%S/@args/g;
     my @found = ();
     local $fh;
     if ( $kpsewhich_show || $diagnostics ) {

Modified: trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/man/man1/latexmk.1
===================================================================
--- trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/man/man1/latexmk.1	2023-12-26 21:02:15 UTC (rev 69220)
+++ trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/man/man1/latexmk.1	2023-12-26 21:04:28 UTC (rev 69221)
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.TH LATEXMK 1 "6 November 2023" ""
+.TH LATEXMK 1 "24 December 2023" ""
 .SH NAME
 latexmk \- generate LaTeX document
 .SH SYNOPSIS
@@ -234,9 +234,11 @@
 variable to 1 in a configuration file.
 
 \fBNote\fR that when \fBbiber\fR is used, and a bib file doesn't exist, this
-option does not currently prevent \fIbiber\fR from being run.  See the
+option does not prevent \fIbiber\fR from being run, with the bbl file then
+being incorrect. 
+See the
 documentation on \fI$bibtex_use\fR for more details.  However, a bbl file
-is treated as precious. 
+is treated as precious in a clean up operation.
 
 .TP
 .B -bibtex-cond1
@@ -251,8 +253,11 @@
 variable to 1.5 in a configuration file.
 
 \fBNote\fR that when \fBbiber\fR is used, and a bib file doesn't exist, this
-option does not currently prevent \fIbiber\fR from being run.  See the
-documentation on \fI$bibtex_use\fR for more details.
+option does not prevent \fIbiber\fR from being run, with the bbl file then
+being incorrect. 
+See the
+documentation on \fI$bibtex_use\fR for more details.  However, a bbl file
+is treated as precious in a clean up operation.
 
 .TP
 .B -bibtexfudge\fR or\fB -bibfudge
@@ -475,6 +480,12 @@
 Do not report the settings for aux and out directories.  (Default)
 
 .TP
+.B -dir-report-only
+After all initialization is complete, give the settings for the aux and out
+directories, and then halt.  This option is primarily used for debugging
+configuration issues.
+
+.TP
 .B -dvi
 Generate dvi version of document using latex.
 
@@ -607,6 +618,11 @@
 Print help information.
 
 .TP
+.B -hnt
+Generate hnt (HINT) version of document using hilatex.  (And turn off dvi,
+postscript, and pdf modes.)
+
+.TP
 .B -jobname=STRING
 Set the basename of output files(s) to STRING, instead of the default,
 which is the basename of the specified TeX file.  (At present, STRING
@@ -748,6 +764,10 @@
 \fI$makeindex_fudge\fR for details.
 
 .TP
+.B $min_sleep_time [0.01]
+This is the minimum nonzero value allowed for \fI$sleep_time\fR.
+
+.TP
 .B -MSWinBackSlash
 This option only has an effect when \fIlatexmk\fR is running under
 MS-Windows.  This is that when \fIlatexmk\fR runs a command under
@@ -2177,18 +2197,23 @@
 
 .TP
 .B $aux_out_dir_report [0]
-For each primary .tex file processed, list the settings for aux and output
-directories, after they have been normalized from the settings specified
-during initialization.
+If this variable is set to 1, then prior to the processing of each
+primary .tex file, list the settings for aux and output directories, after
+they have been normalized from the settings specified during
+initialization.
 
 This report gives a reminder of where to look for generated files.
 
-The report has to be done per primary .tex file, because of possible
-directory changes for each file (when the \fB-cd\fR option is used).  In
-the simplest cases, the directory names are the same as originally
-specified.  But in general some clean up/normalization is performed; this
-helps performance and cleans up output to the screen.
+The report is done per primary .tex file, because of possible directory
+changes for each file (when the \fB-cd\fR option is used).  In the simplest
+cases, the directory names are the same as originally specified.  But in
+general some clean up/normalization is performed; this helps performance
+and cleans up output to the screen.
 
+If this variable is set to 2, then halt after reporting the settings for
+the aux and out directories, rather than continuing with processing of tex
+files.  This setting is primarily used for debugging configuration issues.
+See the \fB-dir-report-only\fR option.
 
 .TP
 .B $bad_warning_is_error [0]
@@ -2313,15 +2338,25 @@
 
 The possible values of \fI$bibtex_use\fR are:
   0: never use \fIbibtex\fR or \fIbiber\fR; never delete .bbl files in a cleanup.
-  1: only use \fIbibtex\fR if the bib file(s) exist; never delete .bbl
-files in a cleanup. 
-  1.5: only use \fIbibtex\fR if the bib files exist; conditionally
-delete .bbl files in a cleanup (i.e., delete them only when the bib files
-all exist).  
+  1: only use \fIbibtex\fR or \fIbiber\fR if the bib file(s) exist; never
+  delete .bbl files in a cleanup.  
+  1.5: only use \fIbibtex\fR or \fIbiber\fR if the bib files exist;
+  conditionally delete .bbl files in a cleanup (i.e., delete them only when
+  the bib files all exist).  
   2: run \fIbibtex\fR or \fIbiber\fR whenever it appears necessary to
 update the bbl file(s), without testing for the existence of the bib 
 files; always delete .bbl files in a cleanup.
 
+\fINote\fR: When \fIbiber\fR is being used, conditional use of \fIbiber\fR
+can be problematic.  From \fIlatexmk\fR's point of view the problem is that
+because of how \fIbiber\fR works, a full knowledge of its source files can
+only be obtained after running \fIbiber\fR.  In contrast, for \fIbibtex\fR,
+full information on which bib files are used is obtained from the .aux
+file(s) after a run of *latex.  But for \fIbiber\fR, the corresponding
+information is somewhat incomplete; this the information obtained in
+the .bcf file that is generated by the biblatex package during a run of
+*latex.
+
 .TP
 .B $cleanup_includes_cusdep_generated [0]
 If nonzero, specifies that cleanup also deletes files that are
@@ -2586,9 +2621,9 @@
 
 	$dvilualatex = "dvilualatex --src-specials %O %S";
 
-To do a coordinated setting of all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$latex\fR,
-\fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR, see the section
-"Advanced Configuration".
+To do a coordinated setting of all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$hilatex\fR,
+\fI$latex\fR, \fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR, see the
+section "Advanced Configuration".
 
 .TP
 .B $dvi_mode [See below for default]
@@ -2763,6 +2798,32 @@
 (See documentation on Perl regular expressions for details.)
 
 .TP
+.B $filetime_causality_threshold [5]
+The use of this variable is as follows:  At a number of places, latexmk
+needs to determine whether a particular file has been produced during a
+just-concluded run of some rule/program or is leftover from a previous
+run. (An example is the production of a .bcf file by the biblatex package
+during a run of *latex to provide bibliographic information to the biber
+program.  If a .bcf file is not produced during a current run of *latex,
+but is leftover from a previous run, then latexmk has to conclude that
+the .tex document has changed so that biber is no longer to be used.)
+
+Latexmk's criterion that a file has been produced during a run is that the
+modification time of the file is more recent than the system time at the
+beginning of the run.  Bascially, if the modification time is earlier than
+this, then it is a leftover from a previous run.  However, a naive use of
+the criterion can, among other things, run afoul of the granularity of how
+file times are stored in some file systems, which means it is possible that
+the filesystem's reported time for a file might be a second or more earlier
+than the actual modification time, the exact difference being quite random.
+
+The variable \fI$filetime_causality_threshold\fR allows an appopriate
+sloppiness in latexmk's use of file modification time.  It can be quite
+generous; it should merely be less than the time scale on which a human
+user makes changes to source files for a document (or to configuration
+files, etc).
+
+.TP
 .B $fls_uses_out_dir [0]
 This variable determines whether or not the .fls file should be in the
 output directory instead of the natural directory, which is the aux
@@ -2831,6 +2892,7 @@
 .B $go_mode [0]
 If nonzero, process files regardless of timestamps, and is then
 equivalent to the \fB-g\fR option.
+
 .TP
 .B %hash_calc_ignore_pattern
 \fB!!!This variable is for experts only!!!\fR
@@ -2881,6 +2943,15 @@
     delete $hash_calc_ignore_pattern{'eps'};
 
 .TP
+.B $hilatex ["hilatex %O %S"]
+specifies the command line for the hilatex program.  
+
+.TP
+.B $hnt_mode [0]
+Whether to generate a hnt version of the document by use of hilatex.  Can
+be turned on by the use of the \fB-hnt\fR option.
+
+.TP
 .B $jobname [""]
 
 This specifies the jobname, i.e., the basename that is used for
@@ -2933,6 +3004,7 @@
 See also the \fI at BIBINPUTS\fR variable for another way that \fIlatexmk\fR
 also uses to try to locate files; it applies only in the case of .bib
 files.
+
 .TP
 .B $kpsewhich_show [0]
 Whether to show diagnostics about invocations of \fIkpsewhich\fR: the
@@ -2941,11 +3013,13 @@
 on.  (But in the second case, lots of other diagnostics are also
 shown.)  Without these diagnostics there is nothing visible in
 \fIlatexmk\fR's screen output about invocations of \fIkpsewhich\fR.
+
 .TP
 .B $landscape_mode [0]
 If nonzero, run in landscape mode, using the landscape mode previewers and
 dvi to postscript converters.  Equivalent to the \fB-l\fR option.
 Normally not needed with current previewers.
+
 .TP
 .B $latex ["latex %O %S"]
 Specifies the command line for
@@ -2955,9 +3029,9 @@
 
 	$latex = "latex --src-specials %O %S";
 
-To do a coordinated setting of all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$latex\fR,
-\fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR, see the section
-"Advanced Configuration".
+To do a coordinated setting of all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$hilatex\fR,
+\fI$latex\fR, \fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR, see the
+section "Advanced Configuration".
 
 .TP
 .B %latex_input_extensions
@@ -3041,9 +3115,9 @@
 the LaTeX processing program that is to be used when the \fIlualatex\fR
 program is called for (e.g., by the option \fB-lualatex\fR.
 
-To do a coordinated setting of all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$latex\fR,
-\fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR, see the section
-"Advanced Configuration".
+To do a coordinated setting of all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$hilatex\fR,
+\fI$latex\fR, \fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR, see the
+section "Advanced Configuration".
 
 .TP
 .B %lualatex_input_extensions
@@ -3173,9 +3247,9 @@
 variables for the use of \fIlualatex\fR or \fIxelatex\fR.  See
 \fI$lualatex\fR and \fI$xelatex\fR.)
 
-To do a coordinated setting of all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$latex\fR,
-\fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR, see the section
-"Advanced Configuration".
+To do a coordinated setting of all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$hilatex\fR,
+\fI$latex\fR, \fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR, see the
+section "Advanced Configuration".
 
 .TP
 .B %pdflatex_input_extensions
@@ -3502,18 +3576,29 @@
 
 Note that multiple occurrences for the same undefined object on the
 same page and same line will be compressed to a single warning.
+
 .TP
 .B $silent [0]
 Whether to run silently.  Setting $silent to 1 has the same effect as
 the \fB-quiet\fR of \fB-silent\fR options on the command line.
+
 .TP
 .B $sleep_time [2]
-The time to sleep (in seconds) between checking for source file
-changes when running with the \fB-pvc\fR option.  This is subject to a
-minimum of one second delay, except that zero delay is also allowed.
+The time to sleep (in seconds) between checking for source-file
+changes when running with the \fB-pvc\fR option.  If non-zero, it is subject to a
+minimum value give by the \fI$min_sleep_time\fR variable.  But a zero value
+is also allowed.  
 
-A value of exactly 0 gives no delay, and typically results in 100% CPU
-usage, which may not be desirable.
+A value of exactly 0 gives no delay between checks for source-file changes;
+it typically results in 100% CPU usage, which may not be desirable.
+
+In old versions of latexmk, the default value of \fI$sleep_time\fR of 2 was
+set to give a reasonable compromise between responsiveness in \rB-pvc\fR
+mode and the amount of CPU usage.  On modern computers with fast multi-core
+CPUs, a smaller value, e.g., 0.1 can give good results, especially when
+working with small documents whose compilation may take well under a
+second.
+
 .TP
 .B $texfile_search [""]
 This is an obsolete variable, replaced by the \fI at default_files\fR
@@ -3629,9 +3714,9 @@
 \fIlatexmk\fR makes a .xdv file rather than a .pdf file when \fIxelatex\fR
 is used.
 
-To do a coordinated setting of all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$latex\fR,
-\fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR, see the section
-"Advanced Configuration".
+To do a coordinated setting of all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$hilatex\fR,
+\fI$latex\fR, \fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR, see the
+section "Advanced Configuration".
 
 .TP
 .B %xelatex_input_extensions
@@ -4131,10 +4216,10 @@
 
 .SS Coordinated Setting of Commands for *latex
 
-To set all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$latex\fR, \fI$pdflatex\fR,
-\fI$lualatex\fR, and 
-\fI$xelatex\fR to a common pattern, you can use one of the following
-subroutines, std_tex_cmds, alt_tex_cmds, and set_tex_cmds.
+To set all of \fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$hilatex\fR, \fI$latex\fR,
+\fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR to a common pattern,
+you can use one of the following subroutines, std_tex_cmds, alt_tex_cmds,
+and set_tex_cmds.
 
 To get the standard commands, use
 
@@ -4141,11 +4226,11 @@
    &std_tex_cmds;
 
 This results in \fI$latex = 'latex %O %S'\fR, and similarly for
-\fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and \fI$xelatex\fR.
-Note the ampersand in the invocation; this indicates to Perl that a
-subroutine is being called.  (The use of this subroutine enables you to
-override previous redefinitions of the \fI$latex\fR, etc variables, which
-might have occurred in an earlier-read rc file.)
+\fI$dvilualatex\fR, \fI$hilatex\fR, \fI$pdflatex\fR, \fI$lualatex\fR, and
+\fI$xelatex\fR.  Note the ampersand in the invocation; this indicates to
+Perl that a subroutine is being called.  (The use of this subroutine
+enables you to override previous redefinitions of the \fI$latex\fR, etc
+variables, which might have occurred in an earlier-read rc file.)
 
 To be able to use the string provided by the -pretex option (if any), you
 can use
@@ -4384,7 +4469,7 @@
 harvested too easily.)
 .SH AUTHOR
 Current version, by John Collins 
-(Version 4.81).
+(Version 4.82).
 Report bugs etc to his e-mail (jcc8 at psu.edu).
 
 Released version can be obtained from CTAN:

Modified: trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/man/man1/latexmk.man1.pdf
===================================================================
(Binary files differ)

Modified: trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/CHANGES
===================================================================
--- trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/CHANGES	2023-12-26 21:02:15 UTC (rev 69220)
+++ trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/CHANGES	2023-12-26 21:04:28 UTC (rev 69221)
@@ -873,3 +873,21 @@
     preview_continuous_mode, incorrect extra runs were sometimes made. 
   Other bug fixes.
 
+From v. 4.81 to 4.82
+  Fixed various anomalies in working with biber, especially under error conditions.
+  Fixed various anomalies with use of -bibtex- and -bibtex-cond options.
+  Fixed problem that -Werror worked only with bibtex and not biber. (This
+    is the option that causes latexmk to return a non-zero exit code to
+    flag an error when there are missing-citation messages in the .log
+    file.) 
+  Added -dir-report-only option.
+  Fixed lack of quoting on command line to kpsewhich.
+  Implemented support for hilatex (-hnt option, $hnt_mode configuration
+    variable).
+  Allow sleep times of under a second. (That gives very responsive
+    performance on fast computers.)
+  Support ^^ format in .log file for non-ASCII bytes/characters.
+  Document $filetime_causality_threshold configuration variable.
+  Other documentation improvements.
+  
+

Modified: trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/INSTALL
===================================================================
--- trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/INSTALL	2023-12-26 21:02:15 UTC (rev 69220)
+++ trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/INSTALL	2023-12-26 21:04:28 UTC (rev 69221)
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
             INSTALLING latexmk
             ==================
-      (Version 4.81, 6 Nov. 2023)
+      (Version 4.82, 24 Dec. 2023)
 
             John Collins
             Physics Department
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
             University Park PA 16802
             U.S.A.  
 
-            http://www.personal.psu.edu/jcc8/
-	    http://www.personal.psu.edu/jcc8/latexmk/
+            https://www.cantab.net/users/johncollins/
+            https://www.cantab.net/users/johncollins/latexmk/
             username jcc8 at node psu.edu
 
 Latexmk is a "make" tool for building latex documents. It runs latex

Modified: trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/README
===================================================================
--- trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/README	2023-12-26 21:02:15 UTC (rev 69220)
+++ trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/README	2023-12-26 21:04:28 UTC (rev 69221)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-Latexmk, version 4.81, 6 Nov 2023
----------------------------------
+Latexmk, version 4.82, 24 Dec 2023
+----------------------------------
 
 Latexmk completely automates the process of generating a LaTeX
 document.  Essentially, it is a highly specialized cousin of the
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
             University Park PA 16802
             U.S.A.  
 
-            http://www.personal.psu.edu/jcc8/
+            https://www.cantab.net/users/johncollins/
             username jcc8 at node psu.edu
 
 The start of the script file has copyright notices and disclaimers.  
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 
    b. On the CTAN tex archive --- see http://www.ctan.org/pkg/latexmk
 
-   c. From the author's site at http://www.personal.psu.edu/jcc8/latexmk/
+   c. From the author's site at https://www.cantab.net/users/johncollins/latexmk/
    This site also includes previous versions, and sometimes newer versions
    under development.
 

Modified: trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/example_rcfiles/glossaries_latexmkrc
===================================================================
--- trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/example_rcfiles/glossaries_latexmkrc	2023-12-26 21:02:15 UTC (rev 69220)
+++ trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/example_rcfiles/glossaries_latexmkrc	2023-12-26 21:04:28 UTC (rev 69221)
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # (http://www.ctan.org/pkg/glossaries-extra) with latexmk.
 
 # N.B. There is also the OBSOLETE glossary package
-# (http://www.ctan.org/pkg/glossary), which has some differences.  See item 2.
+# (http://www.ctan.org/pkg/glossary), which has some differences.  See item 3.
 
 # 1. If you use the glossaries or the glossaries-extra package, then you can use:
 
@@ -37,3 +37,26 @@
 #       return system "makeindex", @args;
 #   }
 
+# 3. If you use the OBSOLETE glossary package, then you can do the following:
+#    (Note that the code lines are commented out to avoid trouble when this
+#    file is simply copied into a latexmkrc or this file is arranged to be
+#    read by latexmk, and one of the modern packages glossaries and
+#    glossaries-extra is used.)
+
+   ## For the main glossary:
+   #add_cus_dep( 'glo', 'gls', 0, 'makeglo2gls' );
+   #sub makeglo2gls {
+   #    system("makeindex -s \"$_[0].ist\" -t \"$_[0].glg\" -o \"$_[0].gls\" \"$_[0].glo\"" );
+   #}
+
+   ## For acronyms:
+   ## 
+   ## ===> WARNING: The code below is ONLY FOR PACKAGE glossary, NOT FOR
+   ##      glossaries and glossaries-extra. In the current glossaries and
+   ##      glossaries-extra packages the roles of the .acr and .acn files are
+   ##      exchanged compared with the old glossary package.  Hence the the
+   ##      code below will fail with the more modern packages.
+   #add_cus_dep( 'acr', 'acn', 0, 'makeacr2acn' );
+   #sub makeacr2acn {
+   #    system( "makeindex -s \"$_[0].ist\" -t \"$_[0].alg\" -o \"$_[0].acn\" \"$_[0].acr\"" );
+   #}

Modified: trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/example_rcfiles/glossary_latexmkrc
===================================================================
--- trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/example_rcfiles/glossary_latexmkrc	2023-12-26 21:02:15 UTC (rev 69220)
+++ trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/example_rcfiles/glossary_latexmkrc	2023-12-26 21:04:28 UTC (rev 69221)
@@ -1,39 +1,10 @@
-# This shows how to use the glossaries package
-# (http://www.ctan.org/pkg/glossaries) and the glossaries-extra package
-# (http://www.ctan.org/pkg/glossaries-extra) with latexmk.
+# In many earlier versions of latexmk, there was a file glossary_latexmrc that
+# originally showed how to use the glossary package with latexmk.  That
+# package is now OBSOLETE, and one should use the glossaries package or the
+# glossaries-extra package.
 
-# N.B. There is also the OBSOLETE glossary package
-# (http://www.ctan.org/pkg/glossary), which has some differences.  See item 2.
+# The code for using the glossaries package with latexmk is in the file
+# glossaries_latexmkrc.  It also contains (commented out) code for the use
+# of the glossary package, and has some comments on the issues involved.
 
-# 1. If you use the glossaries or the glossaries-extra package, then you can use:
 
-   add_cus_dep( 'acn', 'acr', 0, 'makeglossaries' );
-   add_cus_dep( 'glo', 'gls', 0, 'makeglossaries' );
-   $clean_ext .= " acr acn alg glo gls glg";
-
-   sub makeglossaries {
-        my ($base_name, $path) = fileparse( $_[0] );
-        my @args = ( "-q", "-d", $path, $base_name );
-        if ($silent) { unshift @args, "-q"; }
-        return system "makeglossaries", "-d", $path, $base_name; 
-    }
-
-# 2. The above will tend to run makeglossaries more often than needed, since
-#    each out of date file will trigger the use of makeglossaries, even
-#    though makeglossaries makes all the glossaries.  The following solution
-#    solves this, but at the expense of not having the convenience that
-#    makeglossaries can change how it makes the glossaries depending on the
-#    settings of the glossaries package.
-#    A better solution will need more advanced work.
-#
-#   add_cus_dep( 'acn', 'acr', 0, 'makeglossaries' );
-#   add_cus_dep( 'glo', 'gls', 0, 'makeglossaries' );
-#   $clean_ext .= " acr acn alg glo gls glg";
-#
-#   sub makeglossaries {
-#       my @args = ( "-s", "$_[0].ist", "-t", "$$Psource.ilg",
-#                    "-o", $$Pdest, $$Psource );
-#       if ($silent) { unshift @args, "-q"; }
-#       return system "makeindex", @args;
-#   }
-

Modified: trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/latexmk.pdf
===================================================================
(Binary files differ)

Modified: trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/latexmk.txt
===================================================================
--- trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/latexmk.txt	2023-12-26 21:02:15 UTC (rev 69220)
+++ trunk/Master/texmf-dist/doc/support/latexmk/latexmk.txt	2023-12-26 21:04:28 UTC (rev 69221)
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                              1
+                               24 December 2023                              1
 
 
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                              2
+                               24 December 2023                              2
 
 
 
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                              3
+                               24 December 2023                              3
 
 
 
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                              4
+                               24 December 2023                              4
 
 
 
@@ -280,9 +280,10 @@
               variable to 1 in a configuration file.
 
               Note that when biber is used, and a bib file doesn't exist, this
-              option does not currently prevent biber from being run.  See the
-              documentation  on  $bibtex_use for more details.  However, a bbl
-              file is treated as precious.
+              option does not prevent biber from being run, with the bbl  file
+              then  being incorrect.  See the documentation on $bibtex_use for
+              more details.  However, a bbl file is treated as precious  in  a
+              clean up operation.
 
 
        -bibtex-cond1
@@ -289,62 +290,61 @@
               The same as -bibtex-cond except that .bbl files are only treated
               as precious if one or more bibfiles fails to exist.
 
-              Thus  if all the bib files exist, bibtex is run to generate .bbl
-              files as needed, and then it is appropriate to  delete  the  bbl
+              Thus if all the bib files exist, bibtex is run to generate  .bbl
+              files  as  needed,  and then it is appropriate to delete the bbl
               files in a cleanup operation since they can be re-generated.
 
-              This  property can also be configured by setting the $bibtex_use
+              This property can also be configured by setting the  $bibtex_use
               variable to 1.5 in a configuration file.
 
               Note that when biber is used, and a bib file doesn't exist, this
-              option does not currently prevent biber from being run.  See the
-              documentation on $bibtex_use for more details.
+              option does not prevent biber from being run, with the bbl  file
+              then  being incorrect.  See the documentation on $bibtex_use for
+              more details.  However, a bbl file is treated as precious  in  a
+              clean up operation.
 
 
        -bibtexfudge or -bibfudge
-              Turn on the change-directory fudge for bibtex.   See  documenta-
+              Turn  on  the change-directory fudge for bibtex.  See documenta-
               tion of $bibtex_fudge for details.
 
 
        -bibtexfudge- or -bibfudge-
-              Turn  off the change-directory fudge for bibtex.  See documenta-
+              Turn off the change-directory fudge for bibtex.  See  documenta-
               tion of $bibtex_fudge for details.
 
 
        -bm <message>
-              A banner message to print diagonally across each page when  con-
-              verting  the dvi file to postscript.  The message must be a sin-
+              A  banner message to print diagonally across each page when con-
+              verting the dvi file to postscript.  The message must be a  sin-
               gle argument on the command line so be careful with quoting spa-
               ces and such.
 
-              Note  that if the -bm option is specified, the -ps option is as-
+              Note that if the -bm option is specified, the -ps option is  as-
               sumed.
 
 
 
+                               24 December 2023                              5
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                              5
 
 
-
-
-
 LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
        -bi <intensity>
-              How dark to print the banner message.  A decimal number  between
+              How  dark to print the banner message.  A decimal number between
               0 and 1.  0 is black and 1 is white.  The default is 0.95, which
               is OK unless your toner cartridge is getting low.
 
 
        -bs <scale>
-              A decimal number that specifies how  large  the  banner  message
-              will  be printed.  Experimentation is necessary to get the right
-              scale for your message, as a rule of thumb the scale  should  be
-              about  equal  to 1100 divided by the number of characters in the
+              A  decimal  number  that  specifies how large the banner message
+              will be printed.  Experimentation is necessary to get the  right
+              scale  for  your message, as a rule of thumb the scale should be
+              about equal to 1100 divided by the number of characters  in  the
               message.  The default is 220.0 which is just right for 5 charac-
               ter messages.
 
@@ -356,42 +356,42 @@
 
        -c     Clean up (remove) all regeneratable files generated by latex and
               bibtex or biber except dvi, postscript and pdf.  These files are
-              a combination of log files, aux files, latexmk's  database  file
-              of  source file information, and those with extensions specified
-              in the @generated_exts  configuration  variable.   In  addition,
+              a  combination  of log files, aux files, latexmk's database file
+              of source file information, and those with extensions  specified
+              in  the  @generated_exts  configuration  variable.  In addition,
               files specified by the $clean_ext and @generated_exts configura-
               tion variables are removed.
 
-              This cleanup is instead of a regular make.  See the  -gg  option
+              This  cleanup  is instead of a regular make.  See the -gg option
               if you want to do a cleanup followed by a make.
 
-              Treatment  of  .bbl files:  If $bibtex_use is set to 0 or 1, bbl
-              files are always treated as non-regeneratable.   If  $bibtex_use
+              Treatment of .bbl files:  If $bibtex_use is set to 0 or  1,  bbl
+              files  are  always treated as non-regeneratable.  If $bibtex_use
               is set to 1.5, bbl files are counted as non-regeneratable condi-
-              tionally: If the bib file exists, then bbl files are  regenerat-
-              able,  and are deleted in a clean up.  But if $bibtex_use is 1.5
-              and a bib file doesn't exist, then the bbl files are treated  as
+              tionally:  If the bib file exists, then bbl files are regenerat-
+              able, and are deleted in a clean up.  But if $bibtex_use is  1.5
+              and  a bib file doesn't exist, then the bbl files are treated as
               non-regeneratable and hence are not deleted.
 
-              In  contrast,  if  $bibtex_use is set to 2, bbl files are always
+              In contrast, if $bibtex_use is set to 2, bbl  files  are  always
               treated as regeneratable, and are deleted in a cleanup.
 
-              Treatment  of  files  generated  by  custom   dependencies:   If
-              $cleanup_includes_cusdep_generated   is  nonzero,  regeneratable
-              files are considered as including those generated by custom  de-
-              pendencies  and are also deleted.  Otherwise these files are not
+              Treatment   of   files  generated  by  custom  dependencies:  If
+              $cleanup_includes_cusdep_generated  is  nonzero,   regeneratable
+              files  are considered as including those generated by custom de-
+              pendencies and are also deleted.  Otherwise these files are  not
               deleted.
 
 
        -C     Clean up (remove) all regeneratable files generated by latex and
               bibtex or biber.  This is the same as the -c option with the ad-
-              dition of dvi, postscript and pdf files, and those specified  in
+              dition  of dvi, postscript and pdf files, and those specified in
               the $clean_full_ext configuration variable.
 
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                              6
+                               24 December 2023                              6
 
 
 
@@ -400,64 +400,64 @@
 LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-              This  cleanup  is instead of a regular make.  See the -gg option
+              This cleanup is instead of a regular make.  See the  -gg  option
               if you want to do a cleanup followed by a make.
 
-              See the -c option for the specification of whether or  not  .bbl
+              See  the  -c option for the specification of whether or not .bbl
               files are treated as non-regeneratable or regeneratable.
 
-              If  $cleanup_includes_cusdep_generated is nonzero, regeneratable
-              files are considered as including those generated by custom  de-
-              pendencies  and are also deleted.  Otherwise these files are not
+              If $cleanup_includes_cusdep_generated is nonzero,  regeneratable
+              files  are considered as including those generated by custom de-
+              pendencies and are also deleted.  Otherwise these files are  not
               deleted.
 
 
-       -CA    (Obsolete).  Now equivalent to the -C option.  See  that  option
+       -CA    (Obsolete).   Now  equivalent to the -C option.  See that option
               for details.
 
 
-       -cd    Change  to  the directory containing the main source file before
-              processing it.  Then all the generated files (.aux, .log,  .dvi,
+       -cd    Change to the directory containing the main source  file  before
+              processing  it.  Then all the generated files (.aux, .log, .dvi,
               .pdf, etc) will be relative to the source file.
 
-              This  option is particularly useful when latexmk is invoked from
-              a GUI configured to invoke latexmk with a full pathname for  the
+              This option is particularly useful when latexmk is invoked  from
+              a  GUI configured to invoke latexmk with a full pathname for the
               source file.
 
-              This  option  works by setting the $do_cd configuration variable
-              to one; you can set that variable if you want to  configure  la-
+              This option works by setting the $do_cd  configuration  variable
+              to  one;  you can set that variable if you want to configure la-
               texmk to have the effect of the -cd option without specifying it
               on the command line.  See the documentation for that variable.
 
 
-       -cd-   Do NOT change to the directory containing the main  source  file
+       -cd-   Do  NOT  change to the directory containing the main source file
               before processing it.  Then all the generated files (.aux, .log,
-              .dvi, .pdf, etc) will  be  relative  to  the  current  directory
+              .dvi,  .pdf,  etc)  will  be  relative  to the current directory
               rather than the source file.
 
-              This  is the default behavior and corresponds to the behavior of
+              This is the default behavior and corresponds to the behavior  of
               the *latex programs.  However, it is not desirable behavior when
-              latexmk  is invoked by a GUI configured to invoke latexmk with a
+              latexmk is invoked by a GUI configured to invoke latexmk with  a
               full pathname for the source file.  See the -cd option.
 
-              This option works by setting the $do_cd  configuration  variable
-              to  zero.   See the documentation for that variable for more in-
+              This  option  works by setting the $do_cd configuration variable
+              to zero.  See the documentation for that variable for  more  in-
               formation.
 
 
-       -CF    Remove the file containing the database of source file  informa-
+       -CF    Remove  the file containing the database of source file informa-
               tion, before doing the other actions requested.
 
 
-       -d     Set  draft  mode.  This prints the banner message "DRAFT" across
-              your page when converting the dvi file to postscript.  Size  and
+       -d     Set draft mode.  This prints the banner message  "DRAFT"  across
+              your  page when converting the dvi file to postscript.  Size and
               intensity can be modified with the -bs and -bi options.  The -bm
-              option will override this option as this is really just a  short
+              option  will override this option as this is really just a short
               way of specifying:
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                              7
+                               24 December 2023                              7
 
 
 
@@ -468,27 +468,27 @@
 
                    latexmk -bm DRAFT
 
-              Note  that  if the -d option is specified, the -ps option is as-
+              Note that if the -d option is specified, the -ps option  is  as-
               sumed.
 
 
        -deps  Show a list of dependent files after processing.  This is in the
-              form  of a dependency list of the form used by the make program,
+              form of a dependency list of the form used by the make  program,
               and it is therefore suitable for use in a Makefile.  It gives an
               overall view of the files without listing intermediate files, as
               well as latexmk can determine them.
 
-              By default the list of dependent files is sent to stdout  (i.e.,
-              normally  to  the screen unless you've redirected latexmk's out-
+              By  default the list of dependent files is sent to stdout (i.e.,
+              normally to the screen unless you've redirected  latexmk's  out-
               put). But you can set the filename where the list is sent by the
               -deps-out= option.
 
-              See  the section "USING latexmk WITH make" for an example of how
+              See the section "USING latexmk WITH make" for an example of  how
               to use a dependency list with make.
 
-              Users familiar with GNU automake and  gcc  will  find  that  the
-              -deps  option  is very similar in its purpose and results to the
-              -M option to gcc.  (In fact, latexmk also has options  -M,  -MF,
+              Users  familiar  with  GNU  automake  and gcc will find that the
+              -deps option is very similar in its purpose and results  to  the
+              -M  option  to gcc.  (In fact, latexmk also has options -M, -MF,
               and -MP options that behave like those of gcc.)
 
 
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@
               Equivalent to -deps.
 
 
-       -deps- Do  not  show a list of dependent files after processing.  (This
+       -deps- Do not show a list of dependent files after  processing.   (This
               is the default.)
 
 
@@ -506,24 +506,24 @@
 
        -deps-escape=<string>
               Set the kind of escaping used for spaces in the dependency list.
-              The  possible  values are "none", "unix", "nmake", corresponding
-              respectively to no escaping, escaping with a  "\"  suitable  for
-              standard  Unix  make, and escaping with "^", suitable for Micro-
+              The possible values are "none", "unix",  "nmake",  corresponding
+              respectively  to  no  escaping, escaping with a "\" suitable for
+              standard Unix make, and escaping with "^", suitable  for  Micro-
               soft's nmake.
 
 
        -deps-out=FILENAME
-              Set the filename to which the list of dependent files  is  writ-
-              ten.   If  the  FILENAME argument is omitted or set to "-", then
+              Set  the  filename to which the list of dependent files is writ-
+              ten.  If the FILENAME argument is omitted or set  to  "-",  then
               the output is sent to stdout.
 
-              Use of this option also turns on the output of the list  of  de-
+              Use  of  this option also turns on the output of the list of de-
               pendent files after processing.
 
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                              8
+                               24 December 2023                              8
 
 
 
@@ -532,10 +532,10 @@
 LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-       -dF    Dvi  file  filtering.   The  argument to this option is a filter
-              which will generate a  filtered  dvi  file  with  the  extension
-              ".dviF".   All  extra processing (e.g. conversion to postscript,
-              preview, printing) will then be performed on this  filtered  dvi
+       -dF    Dvi file filtering.  The argument to this  option  is  a  filter
+              which  will  generate  a  filtered  dvi  file with the extension
+              ".dviF".  All extra processing (e.g. conversion  to  postscript,
+              preview,  printing)  will then be performed on this filtered dvi
               file.
 
               Example usage: To use dviselect to select only the even pages of
@@ -545,91 +545,97 @@
 
 
        -diagnostics
-              Print detailed diagnostics during a run.  This may help for  de-
-              bugging  problems  or to understand latexmk's behavior in diffi-
+              Print  detailed diagnostics during a run.  This may help for de-
+              bugging problems or to understand latexmk's behavior  in  diffi-
               cult situations.
 
 
        -dir-report
-              For each .tex file processed, list the settings for aux and  out
-              directories,  after  they have been normalized from the settings
-              specified during initialization.  See  the  description  of  the
+              For  each .tex file processed, list the settings for aux and out
+              directories, after they have been normalized from  the  settings
+              specified  during  initialization.  See  the  description of the
               variable $aux_out_dir_report for more details.
 
 
        -dir-report-
-              Do  not  report  the settings for aux and out directories.  (De-
+              Do not report the settings for aux and  out  directories.   (De-
               fault)
 
 
+       -dir-report-only
+              After  all initialization is complete, give the settings for the
+              aux and out directories, and then halt.  This option is  primar-
+              ily used for debugging configuration issues.
+
+
        -dvi   Generate dvi version of document using latex.
 
 
        -dvilua
-              Generate dvi version of document using lualatex instead  of  la-
+              Generate  dvi  version of document using lualatex instead of la-
               tex.
 
 
-       -dvi-  Turn  off  generation of dvi version of document.  (This may get
-              overridden, if some other file is made (e.g., a .ps  file)  that
-              is  generated  from the dvi file, or if no generated file at all
+       -dvi-  Turn off generation of dvi version of document.  (This  may  get
+              overridden,  if  some other file is made (e.g., a .ps file) that
+              is generated from the dvi file, or if no generated file  at  all
               is requested.)
 
 
        -dvilualatex="COMMAND"
               This sets the string specifying the command to run dvi lualatex.
-              It  behaves  like  the  -pdflatex  option, but sets the variable
+              It behaves like the -pdflatex  option,  but  sets  the  variable
               $dvilualatex.
 
-              Note: This option when provided with the COMMAND  argument  only
-              sets  the  command for invoking dvilualatex; it does not turn on
-              the use of dvilualatex. That is done by other options or  in  an
-              initialization file.
 
 
+                               24 December 2023                              9
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                              9
 
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              Note:  This  option when provided with the COMMAND argument only
+              sets the command for invoking dvilualatex; it does not  turn  on
+              the  use  of dvilualatex. That is done by other options or in an
+              initialization file.
 
 
        -e <code>
-              Execute  the  specified  initialization  code before processing.
-              The code is Perl code of the same form as is used  in  latexmk's
-              initialization  files.  For more details, see the information on
-              the -r option, and the section about  "Configuration/initializa-
-              tion  (RC)  files".  The code is typically a sequence of assign-
+              Execute the specified  initialization  code  before  processing.
+              The  code  is Perl code of the same form as is used in latexmk's
+              initialization files.  For more details, see the information  on
+              the  -r option, and the section about "Configuration/initializa-
+              tion (RC) files".  The code is typically a sequence  of  assign-
               ment statements separated by semicolons.
 
-              The code is executed when the -e option  is  encountered  during
-              latexmk's  parsing of its command line.  See the -r option for a
-              way of executing initialization code from a file.  An error  re-
-              sults  in latexmk stopping.  Multiple instances of the -r and -e
+              The  code  is  executed when the -e option is encountered during
+              latexmk's parsing of its command line.  See the -r option for  a
+              way  of executing initialization code from a file.  An error re-
+              sults in latexmk stopping.  Multiple instances of the -r and  -e
               options can be used, and they are executed in the order they ap-
               pear on the command line.
 
               Some care is needed to deal with proper quoting of special char-
-              acters in the code on the command line.   For  example,  suppose
-              you  want  to set the latex command to use its -shell-escape op-
+              acters  in  the  code on the command line.  For example, suppose
+              you want to set the latex command to use its  -shell-escape  op-
               tion, then under UNIX/Linux you could use the line
 
                    latexmk -e '$latex=q/latex %O -shell-escape %S/' file.tex
 
-              Note that the single  quotes  block  normal  UNIX/Linux  command
-              shells  from  treating  the characters inside the quotes as spe-
-              cial.  (In this example, the q/.../ construct is  a  Perl  idiom
-              equivalent  to  using  single quotes.  This avoids the complica-
-              tions of getting a quote  character  inside  an  already  quoted
-              string  in  a  way that is independent of both the shell and the
+              Note  that  the  single  quotes  block normal UNIX/Linux command
+              shells from treating the characters inside the  quotes  as  spe-
+              cial.   (In  this  example, the q/.../ construct is a Perl idiom
+              equivalent to using single quotes.  This  avoids  the  complica-
+              tions  of  getting  a  quote  character inside an already quoted
+              string in a way that is independent of both the  shell  and  the
               operating-system.)
 
-              The above command line  will  NOT  work  under  MS-Windows  with
-              cmd.exe  or  command.com  or 4nt.exe.  For MS-Windows with these
+              The  above  command  line  will  NOT  work under MS-Windows with
+              cmd.exe or command.com or 4nt.exe.  For  MS-Windows  with  these
               command shells you could use
 
                    latexmk -e "$latex=q/latex %O -shell-escape %S/" file.tex
@@ -638,68 +644,67 @@
 
                    latexmk -e "$latex='latex %O -shell-escape %S'" file.tex
 
-              The last two examples will  NOT  work  with  UNIX/Linux  command
+              The  last  two  examples  will  NOT work with UNIX/Linux command
               shells.
 
-              (Note:  the above examples show are to show how to use the -e to
-              specify initialization code to be executed.  But the  particular
+              (Note: the above examples show are to show how to use the -e  to
+              specify  initialization code to be executed.  But the particular
               effect can be achieved also by the use of the -latex option with
               less problems in dealing with quoting.)
 
 
-       -emulate-aux-dir
-              Emulate the use of an aux directory instead of leaving it to the
-              *latex  programs to do it.  (MiKTeX supports -aux-directory, but
-              TeXLive doesn't.)
 
 
+                               24 December 2023                             10
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             10
 
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+       -emulate-aux-dir
+              Emulate the use of an aux directory instead of leaving it to the
+              *latex programs to do it.  (MiKTeX supports -aux-directory,  but
+              TeXLive doesn't.)
 
-
-              See the section AUXILIARY AND OUTPUT DIRECTORIES  for  more  de-
+              See  the  section  AUXILIARY AND OUTPUT DIRECTORIES for more de-
               tails.
 
 
        -emulate-aux-dir-
               Turn off emulation to implement an aux directory and leave it to
-              the *latex program to handle the case that the aux directory  is
-              different  from  the  output  directory.   Note  that if you use
-              TeXLive, which doesn't support -aux-directory, latexmk will  au-
-              tomatically  switch  aux_dir emulation on after the first run of
+              the  *latex program to handle the case that the aux directory is
+              different from the output  directory.   Note  that  if  you  use
+              TeXLive,  which doesn't support -aux-directory, latexmk will au-
+              tomatically switch aux_dir emulation on after the first  run  of
               *latex, because it will find the .log file in the wrong place.
 
 
-       -f     Force latexmk to continue document  processing  despite  errors.
+       -f     Force  latexmk  to  continue document processing despite errors.
               Normally, when latexmk detects that LaTeX or another program has
               found an error which will not be resolved by further processing,
               no further processing is carried out.
 
-              Note:  "Further  processing" means the running of other programs
-              or the rerunning of latex (etc) that would be done if no  errors
-              had  occurred.   If instead, or additionally, you want the latex
-              (etc) program not to pause for user input after  an  error,  you
-              should  arrange this by an option that is passed to the program,
-              e.g., by latexmk's option  -interaction=nonstopmode  (which  la-
+              Note: "Further processing" means the running of  other  programs
+              or  the rerunning of latex (etc) that would be done if no errors
+              had occurred.  If instead, or additionally, you want  the  latex
+              (etc)  program  not  to pause for user input after an error, you
+              should arrange this by an option that is passed to the  program,
+              e.g.,  by  latexmk's  option -interaction=nonstopmode (which la-
               texmk passes to *latex).
 
 
        -f-    Turn off the forced processing-past-errors such as is set by the
-              -f option.  This could be used to override a setting in  a  con-
+              -f  option.   This could be used to override a setting in a con-
               figuration file.
 
 
-       -g     Force  latexmk  to process document fully, even under situations
-              where latexmk would normally  decide  that  no  changes  in  the
-              source  files have occurred since the previous run.  This option
-              is useful, for example, if you change some options and  wish  to
+       -g     Force latexmk to process document fully, even  under  situations
+              where  latexmk  would  normally  decide  that  no changes in the
+              source files have occurred since the previous run.  This  option
+              is  useful,  for example, if you change some options and wish to
               reprocess the files.
 
 
@@ -714,22 +719,26 @@
               Print help information.
 
 
-       -jobname=STRING
-              Set the basename of output files(s) to STRING,  instead  of  the
-              default,  which  is the basename of the specified TeX file.  (At
-              present, STRING should not contain spaces.)
 
 
+                               24 December 2023                             11
 
-                                6 November 2023                             11
 
 
 
 
-
 LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+       -hnt   Generate  hnt  (HINT)  version  of document using hilatex.  (And
+              turn off dvi, postscript, and pdf modes.)
+
+
+       -jobname=STRING
+              Set the basename of output files(s) to STRING,  instead  of  the
+              default,  which  is the basename of the specified TeX file.  (At
+              present, STRING should not contain spaces.)
+
               This is like the same option for current implementations of  the
               *latex, and the passing of this option to these programs is part
               of latexmk's implementation of -jobname.
@@ -776,26 +785,25 @@
               -latex="COMMAND" option.
 
 
-       -latex="COMMAND"
-              This sets the string specifying the command to run latex, and is
-              typically  used  to  add desired options.  Since the string nor-
-              mally contains spaces, it should be quoted, e.g.,
 
-                   latexmk -latex="latex --shell-escape %O %S"  foo.tex
 
-              The specification of the contents of the string are the same  as
+                               24 December 2023                             12
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             12
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+       -latex="COMMAND"
+              This sets the string specifying the command to run latex, and is
+              typically  used  to  add desired options.  Since the string nor-
+              mally contains spaces, it should be quoted, e.g.,
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+                   latexmk -latex="latex --shell-escape %O %S"  foo.tex
 
-
+              The specification of the contents of the string are the same  as
               for  the $latex configuration variable.  Depending on your oper-
               ating system and the command-line shell you are using,  you  may
               need  to change the single quotes to double quotes (or something
@@ -841,25 +849,25 @@
 
        -lualatex="COMMAND"
               This sets the string specifying the command to run lualatex.  It
-              behaves like the -pdflatex option, but sets the variable $luala-
-              tex.
+              behaves  like  the  -pdflatex  option,  but  sets  the  variable
 
-              Note:  This  option when provided with the COMMAND argument only
-              sets the command for invoking lualatex; it does not turn on  the
-              use of lualatex. That is done by other options or in an initial-
-              ization file.
 
 
+                               24 December 2023                             13
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             13
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+              $lualatex.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              Note:  This  option when provided with the COMMAND argument only
+              sets the command for invoking lualatex; it does not turn on  the
+              use of lualatex. That is done by other options or in an initial-
+              ization file.
 
 
        -M     Show list of dependent files after processing.  This is  equiva-
@@ -887,6 +895,10 @@
               tation of $makeindex_fudge for details.
 
 
+       $min_sleep_time [0.01]
+              This is the minimum nonzero value allowed for $sleep_time.
+
+
        -MSWinBackSlash
               This option only has an effect when latexmk is running under MS-
               Windows.  This is that when latexmk runs a command under MS-Win-
@@ -903,37 +915,37 @@
        -MSWinBackSlash-
               This option only has an effect when latexmk is running under MS-
               Windows.  This is that when latexmk runs a command under MS-Win-
-              dows, the substitution of "\" for the  separator  character  be-
-              tween  directory  components of a file name is not done. Instead
-              the forward slash "/" is used, the same as on Unix-like systems.
-              This is acceptable in most situations under MS-Windows, provided
-              that filenames are properly quoted, as latexmk does by default.
+              dows, the  substitution  of  "\"  for  the  separator  character
 
-              See   the   documentation   for   the   configuration   variable
-              $MSWin_back_slash for more details.
 
 
-       -new-viewer
-              When  in  continuous-preview  mode, always start a new viewer to
-              view  the  generated  file.   By  default,  latexmk   will,   in
+                               24 December 2023                             14
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             14
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+              between directory components of a file name is not done. Instead
+              the forward slash "/" is used, the same as on Unix-like systems.
+              This is acceptable in most situations under MS-Windows, provided
+              that filenames are properly quoted, as latexmk does by default.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              See   the   documentation   for   the   configuration   variable
+              $MSWin_back_slash for more details.
 
 
-              continuous-preview mode, test for a previously running previewer
-              for the same file and not start a new one  if  a  previous  pre-
-              viewer  is  running.  However, its test sometimes fails (notably
-              if there is an already-running previewer that is viewing a  file
-              of  the same name as the current file, but in a different direc-
-              tory).  This option turns off the default behavior.
+       -new-viewer
+              When  in  continuous-preview  mode, always start a new viewer to
+              view the generated file.  By default, latexmk will, in  continu-
+              ous-preview  mode,  test  for a previously running previewer for
+              the same file and not start a new one if a previous previewer is
+              running.  However, its test sometimes fails (notably if there is
+              an already-running previewer that is viewing a file of the  same
+              name  as  the current file, but in a different directory).  This
+              option turns off the default behavior.
 
 
        -new-viewer-
@@ -970,31 +982,31 @@
 
        -outdir=FOO or -output-directory=FOO
 
-              Sets the directory for the output files of *latex.
 
-              If the aux directory is not set or is the same as the output di-
-              rectory, then all output files of *latex are sent to the  output
-              directory.
 
-              If the aux directory is set, e.g., by the option -auxdir, and is
-              not equal to the output directory, then only final output  files
-              (.dvi,  .ps, .pdf, .synctex, .synctex.gz) are sent to the output
-              directory. Other generated files are sent to the aux directory.
 
-              See the  section  AUXILIARY  AND  OUTPUT  DIRECTORIES  for  more
+                               24 December 2023                             15
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             15
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+              Sets the directory for the output files of *latex.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              If the aux directory is not set or is the same as the output di-
+              rectory, then all output files of *latex are sent to the  output
+              directory.
 
+              If the aux directory is set, e.g., by the option -auxdir, and is
+              not equal to the output directory, then only final output  files
+              (.dvi,  .ps, .pdf, .synctex, .synctex.gz) are sent to the output
+              directory. Other generated files are sent to the aux directory.
 
-              details.
+              See the section AUXILIARY AND OUTPUT DIRECTORIES  for  more  de-
+              tails.
 
 
        -output-format=FORMAT
@@ -1036,6 +1048,18 @@
 
        -pdf   Generate  pdf  version of document using pdflatex.  (If you wish
               to use lualatex or xelatex, you can use whichever of the options
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             16
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
               -pdflua,  -pdfxe,  -lualatex or -xelatex applies.)  To configure
               latexmk to have such behavior by default,  see  the  section  on
               "Configuration/initialization (rc) files".
@@ -1050,16 +1074,6 @@
               -dvilua option or by setting $dvi_mode to 2.
 
 
-
-                                6 November 2023                             16
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        -pdflua
               Generate pdf version of document using lualatex.
 
@@ -1100,6 +1114,18 @@
               used in the $latex configuration variable).
 
 
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             17
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        -pdflatex
               This sets the generation of pdf files by pdflatex, and turns off
               the generation of dvi and ps files.
@@ -1114,18 +1140,6 @@
               mally contains spaces, it should be quoted, e.g.,
 
                    latexmk  -pdf  -pdflatex="pdflatex  --shell-escape  %O  %S"
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             17
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               foo.tex
 
               The specification of the contents of the string are the same  as
@@ -1166,32 +1180,33 @@
               An example:
 
                   latexmk  -pretex='\AtBeginDocument{Message\par}'  -usepretex
-              foo.tex
 
-              But this is better written
 
-                  latexmk -usepretex='\AtBeginDocument{Message\par}' foo.tex
 
-              If you already have a suitable command configured, you only need
+                               24 December 2023                             18
 
-                  latexmk -pretex='\AtBeginDocument{Message\par}' foo.tex
 
 
-       -print=dvi, -print=ps, -print=pdf, -print=auto,
-              Define  which kind of file is printed.  This option also ensures
-              that the requisite file is made, and turns on printing.
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
-                                6 November 2023                             18
 
+              foo.tex
 
+              But this is better written
 
+                  latexmk -usepretex='\AtBeginDocument{Message\par}' foo.tex
 
+              If you already have a suitable command configured, you only need
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+                  latexmk -pretex='\AtBeginDocument{Message\par}' foo.tex
 
 
+       -print=dvi, -print=ps, -print=pdf, -print=auto,
+              Define  which kind of file is printed.  This option also ensures
+              that the requisite file is made, and turns on printing.
+
               The (default) case -print=auto determines the kind of print file
               automatically  from  the  set  of files that is being made.  The
               first in the list postscript, pdf, dvi that is among  the  files
@@ -1233,6 +1248,16 @@
               turns them off.
 
 
+
+                               24 December 2023                             19
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        -pv-   Turn off -pv.
 
 
@@ -1246,18 +1271,6 @@
               compatible  with  the  -p and -pv options, so it turns these op-
               tions off.
 
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             19
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               The -pvc option also turns off force mode (-f), as  is  normally
               best  for  continuous  preview  mode.   If you really want force
               mode, use the options in the order -pvc -f.
@@ -1298,32 +1311,34 @@
               compiling the document.
 
 
-       -pvctimeout-
-              Don't do timeout in pvc mode after inactivity.
 
 
-       -pvctimeoutmins=<time>
-              Set period of inactivity in minutes for pvc timeout.
 
 
-       -quiet Same as -silent
+                               24 December 2023                             20
 
 
-       -r <rcfile>
-              Read the specified initialization file ("RC file")  before  pro-
-              cessing.
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             20
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+       -pvctimeout-
+              Don't do timeout in pvc mode after inactivity.
 
 
+       -pvctimeoutmins=<time>
+              Set period of inactivity in minutes for pvc timeout.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
+       -quiet Same as -silent
 
+
+       -r <rcfile>
+              Read the specified initialization file ("RC file")  before  pro-
+              cessing.
+
               Be careful about the ordering: (1) Standard initialization files
               -- see the section below on  "Configuration/initialization  (RC)
               files"  --  are read first.  (2) Then the options on the command
@@ -1363,31 +1378,31 @@
               den in an initialization file.
 
               For further information, see the documentation for the $recorder
-              configuration variable.
 
 
-       -recorder-
-              Do not supply the -recorder option with *latex.
 
+                               24 December 2023                             21
 
-       -rules Show a list of latemk's rules and dependencies after processing.
 
 
-       -rules-
-              Do not show a list of latexmk's  rules  and  dependencies  after
-              processing.  (This is the default.)
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+              configuration variable.
 
-                                6 November 2023                             21
 
+       -recorder-
+              Do not supply the -recorder option with *latex.
 
 
+       -rules Show a list of latemk's rules and dependencies after processing.
 
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+       -rules-
+              Do not show a list of latexmk's  rules  and  dependencies  after
+              processing.  (This is the default.)
 
 
        -showextraoptions
@@ -1429,6 +1444,18 @@
               tions.
 
               Also reduce the number of informational  messages  that  latexmk
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             22
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
               itself generates.
 
               To  change  the  options used to make the commands run silently,
@@ -1445,17 +1472,6 @@
               Sets the commands for latex, etc, so that they are the  standard
               ones. This is useful to override special configurations.
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             22
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               The  result  is  that  $latex = 'latex %O %S', and similarly for
               $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex.  (The option -no-pdf  needed
               for $xelatex is provided automatically, given that %O appears in
@@ -1495,6 +1511,17 @@
               fault.)
 
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             23
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        -usepretex
               Sets the command lines for latex, etc, so that they use the code
               that is defined by the variable $pre_tex_code or that is set  by
@@ -1511,17 +1538,6 @@
        -usepretex=CODE
               Equivalent to -pretex=CODE -usepretex.  Example
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             23
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
                 latexmk -usepretex='\AtBeginDocument{Message\par}' foo.tex
 
 
@@ -1561,6 +1577,17 @@
        -xdv   Generate xdv version of document using xelatex.
 
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             24
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        -xelatex
               Use xelatex.  That is, use xelatex to process the source file(s)
               to pdf.  The generation of dvi and postscript  files  is  turned
@@ -1576,18 +1603,6 @@
               file, and does all the extra runs  needed  (including  those  of
               bibtex,  etc).   Only  after that does it make the pdf file from
               the .xdv file, using xdvipdfmx.  See the documentation  for  the
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             24
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               -pdfxe for why this is done.]
 
 
@@ -1627,6 +1642,18 @@
        % latexmk thesis    # run latex enough times to resolve
                            cross-references
 
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             25
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        % latexmk -pvc -ps thesis# run latex enough times to resolve
                            cross-references, make a postscript
                            file, start a previewer.  Then
@@ -1644,16 +1671,6 @@
 
 
 
-
-                                6 November 2023                             25
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
 DEALING WITH ERRORS, PROBLEMS, ETC
        Some possibilities:
 
@@ -1691,6 +1708,18 @@
 
        f. There's a useful trick that can be used when you  use  lualatex  in-
        stead  of  pdflatex  (and  in some related situations).  The problem is
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             26
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        that latexmk won't notice a dependency on a file, bar.baz say, that  is
        input  by  the  lua code in your document instead of by the LaTeX part.
        (Thus if you change bar.baz and rerun latexmk, then latexmk will  think
@@ -1708,18 +1737,6 @@
 
        g. See also the section "Advanced Configuration: Some extra resources".
 
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             26
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        h.    Look   on   tex.stackexchange,   i.e.,   at   http://tex.stackex-
        change.com/questions/tagged/latexmk  Someone may  have  already  solved
        your problem.
@@ -1757,6 +1774,18 @@
        tex programs, these directories default to the current  directory,  and
        then the generated files aren't segregated.  If the two directories are
        the same, as is the simplest situation, then all  generated  files  are
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             27
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        written  to the same directory, and one often simply refers to the out-
        put directory, without mentioning a separate aux directory.
 
@@ -1774,18 +1803,6 @@
        separate  aux and output directories.  Latexmk deals with this by being
        able to emulating a separate aux directory: In this method  it  invokes
        *latex  with  just  an -output-directory option, with the directory set
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             27
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        not to the desired output directory, but to the aux  directory.   After
        running  *latex,  it moves the relevant final output file(s) to the in-
        tended output directory.  Emulation can be turned  on  by  setting  the
@@ -1822,8 +1839,20 @@
        cause of compatibility issues, is of .fls files: See below.
 
        Note  that  xelatex  when  invoked  with its -no-pdf option, as latexmk
-       does, generates an .xdv file, which would appear to have the same  sta-
-       tus  as  a  .dvi file generated by latex.  Nevertheless, latexmk treats
+       does, generates an .xdv file, which  would  appear  to  have  the  same
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             28
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
+       status as a .dvi file generated by latex.  Nevertheless, latexmk treats
        .xdv as an intermediate file that is found in the aux directory.   This
        is  to  match MiKTeX's treatment of the -aux-directory option.  As fur-
        ther justification, one can say that under modern  conditions  an  .xdv
@@ -1840,18 +1869,6 @@
        the default is to set it equal to the output directory.  For the output
        directory, the default is to be the current directory.
 
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             28
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        For the turning on and off of the emulation mode, there is the configu-
        ration variable $emulate_aux and the  options  -emulate-aux-dir,  -emu-
        late-aux-dir-, -noemulate-aux-dir.
@@ -1889,6 +1906,18 @@
        programs, by default, will refuse to work when they find that they  are
        asked to write to a file in a directory that appears not to be the cur-
        rent working directory or one of its subdirectories.  This is  part  of
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             29
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        security measures by the whole TeX system that try to prevent malicious
        or errant TeX documents from incorrectly messing with a user's files.
 
@@ -1907,17 +1936,6 @@
        variable openout_any to "a" (as in  "all"),  to  override  the  default
        "paranoid" setting.
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             29
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        Certain  names  of  aux and output directories not allowed on Microsoft
        Windows: It is natural to want to use the name "aux" for the aux direc-
        tory,  e.g., by using the option -auxdir=aux.  But on Microsoft operat-
@@ -1954,6 +1972,18 @@
        and  then  latexmk can adjust its processing to accommodate this situa-
        tion.  The difference in output file type can happen for  two  reasons:
        One  is  that  for latex, pdflatex and lualatex the document itself can
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             30
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        override the defaults. The other is that there may be a  configuration,
        or misconfiguration, such that the program that latexmk invokes to com-
        pile the document is not the expected one, or is given  options  incom-
@@ -1973,17 +2003,6 @@
        useful to force output to be of the .dvi format by  inserting  \pdfout-
        put=0 in the preamble of the document.
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             30
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        Another  example  is where the document uses graphics file of the .pdf,
        .jpg, and png types.  With the default setting for the  graphicx  pack-
        age,  these can be processed in compilation to .pdf but not with compi-
@@ -2021,6 +2040,16 @@
 
 
 
+
+                               24 December 2023                             31
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
 CONFIGURATION/INITIALIZATION (RC) FILES
        In this section is explained which configuration files are read by  la-
        texmk.  Subsequent  sections  "How  to  Set Variables in Initialization
@@ -2038,18 +2067,6 @@
        The
           directories are searched in the following order, and latexmk uses
           the first such file it finds (if any):
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             31
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
           "/etc",
           "/opt/local/share/latexmk",
           "/usr/local/share/latexmk",
@@ -2089,6 +2106,16 @@
        texmk does not look for an RC file under it.
 
 
+
+                               24 December 2023                             32
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        3)  The  RC  file  in  the current working directory.  This file can be
        named either "latexmkrc" or ".latexmkrc", and the first of these to  be
        found is used, if any.
@@ -2104,18 +2131,6 @@
 
        Note that command line options are obeyed in the order  in  which  they
        are written; thus any RC file specified on the command line with the -r
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             32
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        option can override previous options but can be  itself  overridden  by
        later  options on the command line.  There is also the -e option, which
        allows initialization code to be specified in latexmk's command line.
@@ -2155,6 +2170,18 @@
        quotes, as in many programming languages.  But then the  Perl  program-
        ming  language  brings  into  play some special rules for interpolating
        variables into strings.  People not fluent in Perl will want  to  avoid
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             33
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        these complications.)
 
        You  can do much more complicated things, but for this you will need to
@@ -2171,17 +2198,6 @@
        bilities listed here do not apply to the $kpsewhich variable;  see  its
        documentation.)
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             33
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        Placeholders:  Supposed you wanted latexmk to use the command elatex in
        place of the regular latex  command,  and  suppose  moreover  that  you
        wanted  to  give  it the option "--shell-escape".  You could do this by
@@ -2220,6 +2236,18 @@
               source file is read.
 
               If the variable $pre_tex_code is the empty string,  then  %P  is
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             34
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
               equivalent to %S.
 
        %R     root filename.  This is the base name for the main tex file.
@@ -2237,17 +2265,6 @@
               substituted  for %U (appropriately quoted).  Otherwise it is re-
               placed by a null string.
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             34
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        %Y     Name of directory for auxiliary output files (see the configura-
               tion variable $aux_dir).  A directory separation character ('/')
               is appended if $aux_dir is non-empty and does not end in a suit-
@@ -2285,6 +2302,18 @@
 
        "Detaching"  a  command: Normally when latexmk runs a command, it waits
        for the command to run to completion.  This is appropriate for commands
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             35
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        like latex, of course.  But for previewers, the command should normally
        run detached, so that latexmk gets the previewer running and  then  re-
        turns  to  its next task (or exits if there is nothing else to do).  To
@@ -2302,18 +2331,6 @@
        cludes  the  possibility  of running a command named start.  (3) If the
        word start occurs more than  once  at  the  beginning  of  the  command
        string,  that is equivalent to having just one.  (4) Under cygwin, some
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             35
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        complications happen, since cygwin amounts to a complicated merging  of
        UNIX  and  MS-Windows.   See  the  source code for how I've handled the
        problem.
@@ -2352,6 +2369,17 @@
 
             $dvi_previewer = 'start %S';
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             36
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        Under MS-Windows, this will cause to be run whatever program the system
        has associated with dvi files.  (The  same  applies  for  a  postscript
        viewer and a pdf viewer.)  But note that this trick is not always suit-
@@ -2368,18 +2396,6 @@
        your system.  The string after the "NONE" is effectively a comment.
 
        Options to commands: Setting the name of a command can be used not only
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             36
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        for changing the name of the command called, but also to add options to
        command.  Suppose you want latexmk to use latex  with  source  specials
        enabled.   Then  you  might use the following line in an initialization
@@ -2419,6 +2435,17 @@
             $pdflatex = 'pdflatex --shell-escape  %O  %S;  pst2pdf_for_latexmk
        %B';
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             37
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        This  definition  assumes  you  are using a UNIX-like system (which in-
        cludes Linux and OS-X), so that the two commands to be  run  are  sepa-
        rated by the semicolon in the middle of the string.
@@ -2434,18 +2461,6 @@
        the MS-Windows command-line processor cmd.exe.
 
 
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             37
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
 LIST OF CONFIGURATION VARIABLES USABLE IN INITIALIZATION FILES
        In this section are specified the variables whose  values  can  be  ad-
        justed  to  configure  latexmk.   (See  the earlier section "Configura-
@@ -2485,6 +2500,18 @@
               chosen name for the output file.)
 
               This use of a temporary file solves a problem that the making of
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             38
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
               these files can occupy a substantial time.  If a viewer (notably
               gv) sees that the file has changed, it may read the new file be-
               fore the program writing the file has not yet finished its work,
@@ -2500,18 +2527,6 @@
 
               After  a run of latex (etc), always analyze .log for input files
               in the <...> and (...) constructions.  Otherwise,  only  do  the
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             38
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               analysis when fls file doesn't exist or is out of date.
 
               Under  normal  circumstances,  the data in the fls file is reli-
@@ -2550,46 +2565,53 @@
               takes  the  aux directory to equal the output directory which is
               the directory to which final output files are to be written.
 
-              If neither variable is set, then the current directory when *la-
-              tex is invoked is used both for the aux and output directories.
+              If neither variable is set,  then  the  current  directory  when
 
-              If the aux and output directories are distinct, then the aux di-
-              rectory contains all generated files with the exception of  "fi-
-              nal  output  files",  which  are  defined to be .dvi, .ps, .pdf,
-              .synctex, and .synctex.gz files.
 
-              See the section AUXILIARY AND OUTPUT DIRECTORIES  for  more  de-
-              tails.
 
+                               24 December 2023                             39
 
 
-       $aux_out_dir_report [0]
-              For  each primary .tex file processed, list the settings for aux
-              and output directories, after they have been normalized from the
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             39
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+              *latex  is  invoked is used both for the aux and output directo-
+              ries.
 
+              If the aux and output directories are distinct, then the aux di-
+              rectory  contains all generated files with the exception of "fi-
+              nal output files", which are defined  to  be  .dvi,  .ps,  .pdf,
+              .synctex, and .synctex.gz files.
 
+              See  the  section  AUXILIARY AND OUTPUT DIRECTORIES for more de-
+              tails.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-              settings specified during initialization.
+       $aux_out_dir_report [0]
+              If this variable is set to 1, then prior to  the  processing  of
+              each primary .tex file, list the settings for aux and output di-
+              rectories, after they have been  normalized  from  the  settings
+              specified during initialization.
 
               This  report  gives  a  reminder  of where to look for generated
               files.
 
-              The report has to be done per primary .tex file, because of pos-
-              sible  directory  changes  for each file (when the -cd option is
-              used).  In the simplest cases, the directory names are the  same
-              as  originally  specified.  But in general some clean up/normal-
-              ization is performed; this helps performance and cleans up  out-
-              put to the screen.
+              The report is done per primary .tex file,  because  of  possible
+              directory  changes  for each file (when the -cd option is used).
+              In the simplest cases, the directory names are the same as orig-
+              inally specified.  But in general some clean up/normalization is
+              performed; this helps performance and cleans up  output  to  the
+              screen.
 
+              If this variable is set to 2, then halt after reporting the set-
+              tings for the aux and out directories,  rather  than  continuing
+              with  processing  of  tex files.  This setting is primarily used
+              for debugging configuration issues.   See  the  -dir-report-only
+              option.
 
 
        $bad_warning_is_error [0]
@@ -2610,6 +2632,18 @@
 
        $banner [0]
               If  nonzero, the banner message is printed across each page when
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             40
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
               converting the dvi file to postscript.   Without  modifying  the
               variable  $banner_message,  this is equivalent to specifying the
               -d option.
@@ -2632,18 +2666,6 @@
               A decimal number that specifies how  large  the  banner  message
               will  be printed.  Experimentation is necessary to get the right
               scale for your message, as a rule of thumb the scale  should  be
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             40
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               about  equal  to 1100 divided by the number of characters in the
               message.  The Default is just right for  5  character  messages.
               This is equivalent to the -bs option.
@@ -2677,6 +2699,17 @@
               may need to set the variable @BIBINPUTS.
 
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             41
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        $biber ["biber %O %S"]
               The biber processing program.
 
@@ -2699,17 +2732,6 @@
               find extra aux files, as produced by  the  \include  command  in
               TeX.
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             41
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               b.  With  all  moderately  recent versions of bibtex, bibtex may
               refuse to write its bbl and blg files, for security reasons, for
               certain cases of the path component of the filename given to it.
@@ -2740,16 +2762,39 @@
               The possible values of $bibtex_use are:
                 0: never use bibtex or biber; never delete  .bbl  files  in  a
               cleanup.
-                1: only use bibtex if the bib file(s) exist; never delete .bbl
-              files in a cleanup.
-                1.5: only use bibtex if the  bib  files  exist;  conditionally
-              delete  .bbl files in a cleanup (i.e., delete them only when the
-              bib files all exist).
+                1: only use bibtex or biber if the bib file(s) exist; never
+                delete .bbl files in a cleanup.
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             42
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
+                1.5: only use bibtex or biber if the bib files exist;
+                conditionally  delete  .bbl  files  in a cleanup (i.e., delete
+              them only when
+                the bib files all exist).
                 2: run bibtex or biber whenever it appears necessary to update
               the  bbl  file(s),  without testing for the existence of the bib
               files; always delete .bbl files in a cleanup.
 
+              Note: When biber is being used, conditional use of biber can  be
+              problematic.   From  latexmk's point of view the problem is that
+              because of how biber works, a full knowledge of its source files
+              can only be obtained after running biber.  In contrast, for bib-
+              tex, full information on which bib files are  used  is  obtained
+              from the .aux file(s) after a run of *latex.  But for biber, the
+              corresponding information is somewhat incomplete; this  the  in-
+              formation  obtained  in  the  .bcf file that is generated by the
+              biblatex package during a run of *latex.
 
+
        $cleanup_includes_cusdep_generated [0]
               If nonzero, specifies that cleanup also deletes files  that  are
               generated by custom dependencies.  (When doing a clean up, e.g.,
@@ -2764,18 +2809,6 @@
               generation generated files.
 
               This operation is somewhat dangerous, and  can  have  unintended
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             42
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               consequences,  since the files to be deleted are determined from
               a file created by *latex, which can contain  erroneous  informa-
               tion. Therefore this variable is turned off by default, and then
@@ -2796,6 +2829,19 @@
               options.   But there should be no need to set this variable from
               an RC file.
 
+
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             43
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        $clean_ext [""]
               Extra extensions of files for latexmk to remove when any of  the
               clean-up  options  (-c  or  -C)  is selected.  The value of this
@@ -2830,18 +2876,6 @@
               in $out_dir instead of $aux_dir.  This also handles the case  of
               deleting any fls file, since that file is in $out_dir.
 
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             43
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               The  filenames  specified for a clean-up operation can refer not
               only to regular files but also to directories.  Directories  are
               only deleted if they are empty.  An example of an application is
@@ -2863,6 +2897,17 @@
               tion is selected, i.e., extensions of files to remove  when  the
               .dvi, etc files are to be cleaned-up.
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             44
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
               More general patterns are allowed, as for $clean_ext.
 
               The  files  specified by $clean_full_ext to be deleted are rela-
@@ -2896,18 +2941,6 @@
 
               An example of a simple setting of these variables is as follows
 
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             44
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
                   $compiling_cmd  =  "xdotool  search --name \"%D\" set_window
               --name \"%D compiling\"";
                   $success_cmd   = "xdotool search  --name  \"%D\"  set_window
@@ -2928,11 +2961,23 @@
 
               Other  placeholders that can be used are %S, %T, and %R, with %S
               and %T normally being identical. These can be useful for a  com-
-              mand  changing  the title of the edit window. The visual indica-
-              tion in a window title can useful, since the user does not  have
-              to  keep shifting attention to the (possibly hidden) compilation
-              window to know the status of the compilation.
+              mand   changing  the  title  of  the  edit  window.  The  visual
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             45
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
+              indication in a window title can useful, since the user does not
+              have  to keep shifting attention to the (possibly hidden) compi-
+              lation window to know the status of the compilation.
+
               More complicated situations can best be handled  by  defining  a
               Perl  subroutine to invoke the necessary commands, and using the
               "internal" keyword in the definitions to get the  subroutine  to
@@ -2963,17 +3008,6 @@
 
                    @default_files = ("*.tex");
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             45
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
                    @default_excluded_files = ("common.tex");
 
               If you have a variable or large number of files to be processed,
@@ -2994,6 +3028,18 @@
               rent  directory.  This is a convenience: just run latexmk and it
               will process an appropriate set of  files.   But  sometimes  you
               want only some of these files to be processed.  In this case you
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             46
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
               can list the files to be processed by setting @default_files  in
               an  initialization  file (e.g., the file "latexmkrc" in the cur-
               rent directory).  Then if no files are specified on the  command
@@ -3028,18 +3074,6 @@
               run.
 
 
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             46
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        $deps_escape ["none"]
               This variable determines which kind of escaping of space charac-
               ters to use in dependency lists. The possible values are "none",
@@ -3060,6 +3094,18 @@
               Name  of file to receive list(s) of dependencies at the end of a
               run, to be used if $dependents_list is set.  If the filename  is
               "-",  then  the dependency list is set to stdout (i.e., normally
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             47
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
               the screen).
 
 
@@ -3084,9 +3130,9 @@
                                   $dvilualatex =  "dvilualatex  --src-specials
               %O %S";
 
-              To  do  a  coordinated  setting  of all of $dvilualatex, $latex,
-              $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex, see  the  section  "Advanced
-              Configuration".
+              To  do  a  coordinated setting of all of $dvilualatex, $hilatex,
+              $latex, $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex, see the section "Ad-
+              vanced Configuration".
 
 
        $dvi_mode [See below for default]
@@ -3093,21 +3139,9 @@
               If  one, generate a dvi version of the document by use of latex.
               Equivalent to the -dvi option.
 
-              If 2,  generate  a  dvi  version  of  the  document  by  use  of
+              If 2, generate a dvi version of the document by use of dviluala-
+              tex.  Equivalent to the -dvilua option.
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             47
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
-              dvilualatex.  Equivalent to the -dvilua option.
-
               The  variable  $dvi_mode  defaults  to 0, but if no explicit re-
               quests are made for other types of file (postscript, pdf),  then
               $dvi_mode  will  be  set  to 1.  In addition, if a request for a
@@ -3126,6 +3160,18 @@
 
        $dvi_previewer ["start xdvi %O %S" under UNIX]
               The  command  to  invoke a dvi-previewer.  [Under MS-Windows the
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             48
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
               default is "start"; then latexmk arranges to use the  MS-Windows
               start  program,  which will cause to be run whatever command the
               system has associated with .dvi files.]
@@ -3161,17 +3207,6 @@
        $dvipdf_silent_switch ["-q"]
               Switch(es) for dvipdf program when silent mode is on.
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             48
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               N.B. The standard dvipdf program runs silently,  so  adding  the
               silent  switch has no effect, but is actually innocuous.  But if
               an alternative program is used, e.g., dvipdfmx, then the  silent
@@ -3192,6 +3227,17 @@
               Switch(es) for dvips program when pdf file is  to  be  generated
               from .ps file.
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             49
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        $dvips_silent_switch ["-q"]
               Switch(es) for dvips program when silent mode is on.
 
@@ -3227,17 +3273,6 @@
               variable $dvi_update_method.  The default value is the  one  ap-
               propriate for xdvi on a UNIX system.
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             49
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        $emulate_aux [0]
               Whether  to  emulate  the use of aux directory when $aux_dir and
               $out_dir are different, rather than using the -aux-directory op-
@@ -3256,8 +3291,20 @@
               output directory provided to *latex is set to be the desired aux
               directory. After that, any files that need to be in  the  output
               directory  will  be moved there by latexmk. (These are the files
-              with extensions .dvi, .ps, .pdf, .synctex, .synctex.gz, and, de-
-              pending  on  the setting of the $fls_uses_out_dir variable, also
+              with extensions .dvi, .ps,  .pdf,  .synctex,  .synctex.gz,  and,
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             50
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
+              depending on the setting of the $fls_uses_out_dir variable, also
               the .fls file.)
 
 
@@ -3293,27 +3340,58 @@
 
               The regular expression itself is
 
+                   ^Missing file\s+(.+)\s*$
 
+              But the corresponding string specification in the push statement
+              has to have the backslashes doubled.
 
-                                6 November 2023                             50
+              This regular expression matches a  line  that  starts  with  'No
+              file',  then  has  one  or more white space characters, then any
+              number of characters forming the filename, then  possible  white
+              space,  and  finally the end of the line.  (See documentation on
+              Perl regular expressions for details.)
 
 
+       $filetime_causality_threshold [5]
+              The use of this variable is as follows:  At a number of  places,
+              latexmk  needs  to  determine whether a particular file has been
+              produced during a just-concluded run of some rule/program or  is
+              leftover from a previous run. (An example is the production of a
+              .bcf file by the biblatex package during  a  run  of  *latex  to
 
 
 
+                               24 December 2023                             51
+
+
+
+
+
 LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-                   ^Missing file\s+(.+)\s*$
+              provide  bibliographic  information  to the biber program.  If a
+              .bcf file is not produced during a current run of *latex, but is
+              leftover  from a previous run, then latexmk has to conclude that
+              the .tex document has changed so that biber is no longer  to  be
+              used.)
 
-              But the corresponding string specification in the push statement
-              has to have the backslashes doubled.
+              Latexmk's  criterion  that a file has been produced during a run
+              is that the modification time of the file is  more  recent  than
+              the  system time at the beginning of the run.  Bascially, if the
+              modification time is earlier than this, then it  is  a  leftover
+              from a previous run.  However, a naive use of the criterion can,
+              among other things, run afoul of the  granularity  of  how  file
+              times  are stored in some file systems, which means it is possi-
+              ble that the filesystem's reported time for a file  might  be  a
+              second  or  more  earlier than the actual modification time, the
+              exact difference being quite random.
 
-              This regular expression matches a  line  that  starts  with  'No
-              file',  then  has  one  or more white space characters, then any
-              number of characters forming the filename, then  possible  white
-              space,  and  finally the end of the line.  (See documentation on
-              Perl regular expressions for details.)
+              The variable $filetime_causality_threshold allows an  appopriate
+              sloppiness  in  latexmk's use of file modification time.  It can
+              be quite generous; it should merely be less than the time  scale
+              on  which a human user makes changes to source files for a docu-
+              ment (or to configuration files, etc).
 
 
        $fls_uses_out_dir [0]
@@ -3346,31 +3424,31 @@
        'out', 'toc', 'blg', 'ilg', 'log', 'xdv' )]
 
               This  contains a list of extensions for files that are generated
-              during processing, and that should  be  deleted  during  a  main
-              clean  up  operation,  as invoked by the command line option -c.
-              (The use of -C or -gg gives this clean up and more.)
 
-              The default values are extensions for standard  files  generated
-              by  *latex,  bibtex, and the like.  (Note that the clean up also
-              deletes the fdb_latexmk file, but that's separately  coded  into
-              latexmk, currently.)
 
-              After  initialization  of latexmk and the processing of its com-
-              mand line, the  items  in  clean_ext  are  appended  to  @gener-
-              ated_exts.   So  these  two  variables  have  the  same  meaning
 
+                               24 December 2023                             52
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             51
 
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              during processing, and that should  be  deleted  during  a  main
+              clean  up  operation,  as invoked by the command line option -c.
+              (The use of -C or -gg gives this clean up and more.)
 
+              The default values are extensions for standard  files  generated
+              by  *latex,  bibtex, and the like.  (Note that the clean up also
+              deletes the fdb_latexmk file, but that's separately  coded  into
+              latexmk, currently.)
 
-              (contrary to older versions of latexmk).
+              After  initialization  of latexmk and the processing of its com-
+              mand line, the  items  in  clean_ext  are  appended  to  @gener-
+              ated_exts.   So  these two variables have the same meaning (con-
+              trary to older versions of latexmk).
 
               The items in @generated_exts are normally extensions  of  files,
               whose  base  name  is  the same as the main tex file.  But it is
@@ -3403,6 +3481,7 @@
               If nonzero, process files regardless of timestamps, and is  then
               equivalent to the -g option.
 
+
        %hash_calc_ignore_pattern
               !!!This variable is for experts only!!!
 
@@ -3411,6 +3490,18 @@
               changed.   But  consider for example a latex package that causes
               an encapsulated postscript file (an "eps" file) to be made  that
               is  to  be read in on the next run.  The file contains a comment
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             53
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
               line giving its creation date and time.  On  the  next  run  the
               time  changes,  latex  sees  that  the eps file has changed, and
               therefore reruns latex.  This causes an infinite loop,  that  is
@@ -3424,18 +3515,6 @@
 
               This creates a rule for files with extension .eps about lines to
               ignore.  The left-hand side is a Perl idiom for setting an  item
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             52
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               in  a hash.  Note that the file extension is specified without a
               period.  The value, on the right-hand side, is a string contain-
               ing  a  regular  expression.  (See documentation on Perl for how
@@ -3465,151 +3544,175 @@
                   delete $hash_calc_ignore_pattern{'eps'};
 
 
+       $hilatex ["hilatex %O %S"]
+              specifies the command line for the hilatex program.
+
+
+       $hnt_mode [0]
+              Whether  to generate a hnt version of the document by use of hi-
+              latex.  Can be turned on by the use of the -hnt option.
+
+
        $jobname [""]
 
-              This  specifies the jobname, i.e., the basename that is used for
-              generated files (.aux, .log, .dvi, .ps,  .pdf,  etc).   If  this
-              variable  is a null string, then the basename is the basename of
-              the main tex file.  (At present, the string in  $jobname  should
-              not contain spaces.)
+              This specifies the jobname, i.e., the basename that is used  for
 
-              The  placeholder  '%A' is permitted. This will be substituted by
-              the basename of the TeX file.  The primary purpose is when a va-
-              riety  of  tex  files are to be processed, and you want to use a
-              different jobname for each but one that is  distinct  for  each.
-              Thus  if you wanted to compare compilations of a set of files on
-              different operating systems, with distinct filenames for all the
-              cases, you could set
 
-                 $jobname = "%A-$^O";
 
-              in  an initialization file.  (Here $^O is a variable provided by
-              perl that contains perl's name for the operating system.)
+                               24 December 2023                             54
 
-              Suppose you had .tex files test1.tex and test2.tex.   Then  when
-              you run
 
-                 latexmk -pdf *.tex
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             53
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+              generated  files  (.aux,  .log,  .dvi, .ps, .pdf, etc).  If this
+              variable is a null string, then the basename is the basename  of
+              the  main  tex file.  (At present, the string in $jobname should
+              not contain spaces.)
 
+              The placeholder '%A' is permitted. This will be  substituted  by
+              the basename of the TeX file.  The primary purpose is when a va-
+              riety of tex files are to be processed, and you want  to  use  a
+              different  jobname  for  each but one that is distinct for each.
+              Thus if you wanted to compare compilations of a set of files  on
+              different operating systems, with distinct filenames for all the
+              cases, you could set
 
+                 $jobname = "%A-$^O";
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              in an initialization file.  (Here $^O is a variable provided  by
+              perl that contains perl's name for the operating system.)
 
+              Suppose  you  had .tex files test1.tex and test2.tex.  Then when
+              you run
 
-              both  files  will  be  compiled.  The .aux, .log, and .pdf files
-              will have basenames test1-MSWin32 ante test2-MSWin32  on  a  MS-
+                 latexmk -pdf *.tex
+
+              both files will be compiled.  The .aux,  .log,  and  .pdf  files
+              will  have  basenames  test1-MSWin32 ante test2-MSWin32 on a MS-
               Windows system, test1-darwin and test2-darwin on an OS-X system,
               and a variety of similar cases on linux systems.
 
 
        $kpsewhich ["kpsewhich %S"]
-              The program called to locate a source file when the  name  alone
-              is  not  sufficient.  Most filenames used by latexmk have suffi-
+              The  program  called to locate a source file when the name alone
+              is not sufficient.  Most filenames used by latexmk  have  suffi-
               cient path information to be found directly.  But sometimes, no-
               tably when a .bib or a .bst file is found from the log file of a
-              bibtex or biber run, only the base name of the  file  is  known,
+              bibtex  or  biber  run, only the base name of the file is known,
               but not its path. The program specified by $kpsewhich is used to
               find it.
 
-              (For advanced users: Because of the different way in  which  la-
+              (For  advanced  users: Because of the different way in which la-
               texmk uses the command specified in $kpsewhich, some of the pos-
               sibilities listed in the FORMAT OF COMMAND SPECIFICATIONS do not
-              apply.   The  internal  and  start keywords are not available. A
+              apply.  The internal and start keywords  are  not  available.  A
               simple command specification with possible options and then "%S"
-              is  all  that  is  guaranteed to work.  Note that for other com-
+              is all that is guaranteed to work.  Note  that  for  other  com-
               mands, "%S" is substituted by a single source file. In contrast,
               for $kpsewhich, "%S" may be substituted by a long list of space-
-              separated filenames, each of which is  quoted.   The  result  on
+              separated  filenames,  each  of  which is quoted.  The result on
               STDOUT of running the command is then piped to latexmk.)
 
-              See  also  the  @BIBINPUTS variable for another way that latexmk
+              See also the @BIBINPUTS variable for another  way  that  latexmk
               also uses to try to locate files; it applies only in the case of
               .bib files.
 
+
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             55
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        $kpsewhich_show [0]
-              Whether  to show diagnostics about invocations of kpsewhich: the
-              command line use to invoke it and the results.   These  diagnos-
-              tics  are shown if $kpsewhich_show is non-zero or if diagnostics
-              mode is on.  (But in the second case, lots of other  diagnostics
-              are  also  shown.)   Without  these diagnostics there is nothing
-              visible in latexmk's screen output about  invocations  of  kpse-
+              Whether to show diagnostics about invocations of kpsewhich:  the
+              command  line  use to invoke it and the results.  These diagnos-
+              tics are shown if $kpsewhich_show is non-zero or if  diagnostics
+              mode  is on.  (But in the second case, lots of other diagnostics
+              are also shown.)  Without these  diagnostics  there  is  nothing
+              visible  in  latexmk's  screen output about invocations of kpse-
               which.
 
+
        $landscape_mode [0]
               If nonzero, run in landscape mode, using the landscape mode pre-
-              viewers and dvi to postscript converters.  Equivalent to the  -l
+              viewers  and dvi to postscript converters.  Equivalent to the -l
               option.  Normally not needed with current previewers.
 
+
        $latex ["latex %O %S"]
-              Specifies  the  command  line  for the LaTeX processing program.
-              Note that as with other programs, you can use this variable  not
-              just  to  change  the name of the program used, but also specify
+              Specifies the command line for  the  LaTeX  processing  program.
+              Note  that as with other programs, you can use this variable not
+              just to change the name of the program used,  but  also  specify
               options to the program.  E.g.,
 
                                   $latex = "latex --src-specials %O %S";
 
-              To do a coordinated setting  of  all  of  $dvilualatex,  $latex,
-              $pdflatex,  $lualatex,  and  $xelatex, see the section "Advanced
+              To  do  a  coordinated setting of all of $dvilualatex, $hilatex,
+              $latex, $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex, see the section "Ad-
+              vanced Configuration".
 
 
+       %latex_input_extensions
+              This  variable specifies the extensions tried by latexmk when it
+              finds that a LaTeX run resulted in an error that a file has  not
+              been  found,  and  the file is given without an extension.  This
+              typically happens when LaTeX commands of the  form  \input{file}
+              or  \includegraphics{figure}, when the relevant source file does
+              not exist.
 
-                                6 November 2023                             54
+              In this situation, latexmk searches for custom  dependencies  to
+              make  the  missing  file(s),  but restricts it to the extensions
+              specified by the variable %latex_input_extensions.  The  default
+              extensions are 'tex' and 'eps'.
 
+              (For  Perl experts: %latex_input_extensions is a hash whose keys
+              are the extensions.  The values are  irrelevant.)   Two  subrou-
+              tines  are  provided for manipulating this and the related vari-
+              able %pdflatex_input_extensions,  add_input_ext  and  remove_in-
+              put_ext.   They are used as in the following examples are possi-
+              ble lines in an initialization file:
 
+                  remove_input_ext( 'latex', 'tex' );
 
+              removes the extension 'tex' from latex_input_extensions
 
+                  add_input_ext( 'latex', 'asdf' );
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-              Configuration".
+                               24 December 2023                             56
 
 
-       %latex_input_extensions
-              This variable specifies the extensions tried by latexmk when  it
-              finds  that a LaTeX run resulted in an error that a file has not
-              been found, and the file is given without  an  extension.   This
-              typically  happens  when LaTeX commands of the form \input{file}
-              or \includegraphics{figure}, when the relevant source file  does
-              not exist.
 
-              In  this  situation, latexmk searches for custom dependencies to
-              make the missing file(s), but restricts  it  to  the  extensions
-              specified  by the variable %latex_input_extensions.  The default
-              extensions are 'tex' and 'eps'.
 
-              (For Perl experts: %latex_input_extensions is a hash whose  keys
-              are  the  extensions.   The values are irrelevant.)  Two subrou-
-              tines are provided for manipulating this and the  related  vari-
-              able  %pdflatex_input_extensions,  add_input_ext  and remove_in-
-              put_ext.  They are used as in the following examples are  possi-
-              ble lines in an initialization file:
 
-                  remove_input_ext( 'latex', 'tex' );
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
-              removes the extension 'tex' from latex_input_extensions
 
-                  add_input_ext( 'latex', 'asdf' );
-
-              add  the  extension 'asdf to latex_input_extensions.  (Naturally
+              add the extension 'asdf to  latex_input_extensions.   (Naturally
               with such an extension, you should have made an appropriate cus-
               tom dependency for latexmk, and should also have done the appro-
-              priate programming in the LaTeX source file to enable  the  file
-              to  be  read.   The standard extensions are handled by LaTeX and
+              priate  programming  in the LaTeX source file to enable the file
+              to be read.  The standard extensions are handled  by  LaTeX  and
               its graphics/graphicx packages.)
 
        $latex_silent_switch ["-interaction=batchmode"]
-              Switch(es) for the LaTeX processing program when silent mode  is
+              Switch(es)  for the LaTeX processing program when silent mode is
               on.
 
-              If  you  use MikTeX, you may prefer the results if you configure
-              the options to include -c-style-errors, e.g., by  the  following
+              If you use MikTeX, you may prefer the results if  you  configure
+              the  options  to include -c-style-errors, e.g., by the following
               line in an initialization file
 
                 $latex_silent_switch  =  "-interaction=batchmode  -c-style-er-
@@ -3619,31 +3722,19 @@
        $lpr ["lpr %O %S" under UNIX/Linux, "NONE lpr" under MS-Windows]
               The command to print postscript files.
 
-              Under MS-Windows (unlike UNIX/Linux), there is no standard  pro-
+              Under  MS-Windows (unlike UNIX/Linux), there is no standard pro-
               gram for printing files.  But there are ways you can do it.  For
               example, if you have gsview installed, you could use it with the
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             55
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               option "/p":
 
                   $lpr = '"c:/Program Files/Ghostgum/gsview/gsview32.exe" /p';
 
-              If  gsview  is installed in a different directory, you will need
-              to make the appropriate change.  Note the combination of  single
-              and  double  quotes  around the name.  The single quotes specify
-              that this is a string to be assigned to the configuration  vari-
-              able  $lpr.   The double quotes are part of the string passed to
-              the operating system to get the command obeyed; this  is  neces-
+              If gsview is installed in a different directory, you  will  need
+              to  make the appropriate change.  Note the combination of single
+              and double quotes around the name.  The  single  quotes  specify
+              that  this is a string to be assigned to the configuration vari-
+              able $lpr.  The double quotes are part of the string  passed  to
+              the  operating  system to get the command obeyed; this is neces-
               sary because one part of the command name ("Program Files") con-
               tains a space which would otherwise be misinterpreted.
 
@@ -3653,60 +3744,59 @@
        $lpr_pdf ["NONE lpr_pdf"]
               The printing program to print pdf files.
 
-              Under MS-Windows you could set this to use gsview, if it is  in-
+              Under  MS-Windows you could set this to use gsview, if it is in-
               stalled, e.g.,
 
                   $lpr = '"c:/Program Files/Ghostgum/gsview/gsview32.exe" /p';
 
-              If  gsview  is installed in a different directory, you will need
-              to make the appropriate change.  Note the double  quotes  around
+              If gsview is installed in a different directory, you  will  need
+              to  make  the appropriate change.  Note the double quotes around
               the name: this is necessary because one part of the command name
               ("Program Files") contains a space which would otherwise be mis-
               interpreted.
 
-       $lualatex ["lualatex %O %S"]
-              Specifies the command line for the LaTeX processing program that
-              is to be used when the lualatex program is called for (e.g.,  by
-              the option -lualatex.
 
-              To  do  a  coordinated  setting  of all of $dvilualatex, $latex,
-              $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex, see  the  section  "Advanced
-              Configuration".
 
+                               24 December 2023                             57
 
-       %lualatex_input_extensions
-              This  variable specifies the extensions tried by latexmk when it
-              finds that a lualatex run resulted in an error that a  file  has
-              not  been  found,  and  the  file is given without an extension.
-              This typically happens when LaTeX  commands  of  the  form  \in-
-              put{file}  or \includegraphics{figure}, when the relevant source
-              file does not exist.
 
-              In this situation, latexmk searches for custom  dependencies  to
-              make  the  missing  file(s),  but restricts it to the extensions
-              specified by the variable %pdflatex_input_extensions.   The  de-
-              fault extensions are 'tex', 'pdf', 'jpg, and 'png'.
 
-              See details of the %latex_input_extensions for other information
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
-                                6 November 2023                             56
 
+       $lualatex ["lualatex %O %S"]
+              Specifies the command line for the LaTeX processing program that
+              is  to be used when the lualatex program is called for (e.g., by
+              the option -lualatex.
 
+              To do a coordinated setting of all  of  $dvilualatex,  $hilatex,
+              $latex, $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex, see the section "Ad-
+              vanced Configuration".
 
 
+       %lualatex_input_extensions
+              This variable specifies the extensions tried by latexmk when  it
+              finds  that  a lualatex run resulted in an error that a file has
+              not been found, and the file  is  given  without  an  extension.
+              This  typically  happens  when  LaTeX  commands of the form \in-
+              put{file} or \includegraphics{figure}, when the relevant  source
+              file does not exist.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              In  this  situation, latexmk searches for custom dependencies to
+              make the missing file(s), but restricts  it  to  the  extensions
+              specified  by  the variable %pdflatex_input_extensions.  The de-
+              fault extensions are 'tex', 'pdf', 'jpg, and 'png'.
 
-
+              See details of the %latex_input_extensions for other information
               that equally applies to %lualatex_input_extensions.
 
        $lualatex_silent_switch ["-interaction=batchmode"]
-              Switch(es) for the lualatex program (specified in  the  variable
+              Switch(es)  for  the lualatex program (specified in the variable
               $lualatex) when silent mode is on.
 
-              See  details  of  the $latex_silent_switch for other information
+              See details of the $latex_silent_switch  for  other  information
               that equally applies to $lualatex_silent_switch.
 
        $make ["make"]
@@ -3716,105 +3806,114 @@
               The index processing program.
 
        $makeindex_fudge [0]
-              When using makeindex, whether to change  directory  to  $aux_dir
-              before  running  makeindex.   Set to 1 if $aux_dir is not an ex-
-              plicit subdirectory of current  directory,  otherwise  makeindex
+              When  using  makeindex,  whether to change directory to $aux_dir
+              before running makeindex.  Set to 1 if $aux_dir is  not  an  ex-
+              plicit  subdirectory  of  current directory, otherwise makeindex
               will refuse to write its output and log files, for security rea-
               sons.
 
        $makeindex_silent_switch ["-q"]
-              Switch(es) for the index processing program when silent mode  is
+              Switch(es)  for the index processing program when silent mode is
               on.
 
        $max_repeat [5]
-              The  maximum  number of times latexmk will run *latex before de-
-              ciding that there may be an infinite loop and that it  needs  to
-              bail  out,  rather than rerunning *latex again to resolve cross-
-              references, etc.  The default value covers all normal cases.
+              The maximum number of times latexmk will run *latex  before  de-
+              ciding  that  there may be an infinite loop and that it needs to
+              bail out, rather than rerunning *latex again to  resolve  cross-
 
-              (Note that the "etc" covers a lot of cases where one run of *la-
-              tex generates files to be read in on a later run.)
 
-       $MSWin_back_slash [1]
-              This  configuration  variable only has an effect when latexmk is
-              running under MS-Windows.  With the default value of 1 for  this
-              variable,  when  a command is executed under MS-Windows, latexmk
-              substitutes "\" for the separator character  between  components
-              of  a  directory name.  Internally, latexmk uses "/" for the di-
-              rectory separator character, which  is  the  character  used  by
-              Unix-like systems.
 
-              For  almost  all programs and for almost all filenames under MS-
-              Windows, both "\" and "/" are acceptable as the directory  sepa-
-              rator  character,  provided at least that filenames are properly
-              quoted.  But it is possible that programs exist that only accept
-              "\"  on  the  command line, since that is the standard directory
-              separator for MS-Windows.  So for safety latexmk makes the  sub-
-              stitution from "/" to "\", by default.
+                               24 December 2023                             58
 
-              However  there  are also programs on MS-Windows for which a back
-              slash  "\"  is  interpreted  differently  than  as  a  directory
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             57
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+              references, etc.  The default value covers all normal cases.
 
+              (Note that the "etc" covers a lot of cases where one run of *la-
+              tex generates files to be read in on a later run.)
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+       $MSWin_back_slash [1]
+              This configuration variable only has an effect when  latexmk  is
+              running  under MS-Windows.  With the default value of 1 for this
+              variable, when a command is executed under  MS-Windows,  latexmk
+              substitutes  "\"  for the separator character between components
+              of a directory name.  Internally, latexmk uses "/" for  the  di-
+              rectory  separator  character,  which  is  the character used by
+              Unix-like systems.
 
+              For almost all programs and for almost all filenames  under  MS-
+              Windows,  both "\" and "/" are acceptable as the directory sepa-
+              rator character, provided at least that filenames  are  properly
+              quoted.  But it is possible that programs exist that only accept
+              "\" on the command line, since that is  the  standard  directory
+              separator  for MS-Windows.  So for safety latexmk makes the sub-
+              stitution from "/" to "\", by default.
 
-              separator;  for  these  the  directory  separator should be "/".
-              Programs with this behavior include all the *latex  programs  in
-              the  TeXLive implementation (but not the MiKTeX implementation).
-              Hence if you use TeXLive on MS-Windows,  then  $MSWin_back_slash
+              However there are also programs on MS-Windows for which  a  back
+              slash "\" is interpreted differently than as a directory separa-
+              tor; for these the directory separator should be "/".   Programs
+              with  this  behavior  include  all  the  *latex  programs in the
+              TeXLive implementation  (but  not  the  MiKTeX  implementation).
+              Hence  if  you use TeXLive on MS-Windows, then $MSWin_back_slash
               should be set to zero.
 
 
        $new_viewer_always [0]
-              This  variable  applies  to  latexmk  only in continuous-preview
+              This variable applies  to  latexmk  only  in  continuous-preview
               mode.  If $new_viewer_always is 0, latexmk will check for a pre-
-              viously  running  previewer on the same file, and if one is run-
-              ning will not start a new one.  If  $new_viewer_always  is  non-
-              zero,  this check will be skipped, and latexmk will behave as if
+              viously running previewer on the same file, and if one  is  run-
+              ning  will  not  start a new one.  If $new_viewer_always is non-
+              zero, this check will be skipped, and latexmk will behave as  if
               no viewer is running.
 
        $out_dir [""]
               If non-blank, this variable specifies the output directory.
 
-              This is the directory in which final output  files  are  written
-              (dvi,  ps,  pdf,  synctex, synctex.gz).  In addition, if the aux
-              directory equals the output directory, as is  the  case  by  de-
-              fault,  then  other generated files are in effect written to the
+              This  is  the  directory in which final output files are written
+              (dvi, ps, pdf, synctex, synctex.gz).  In addition,  if  the  aux
+              directory  equals  the  output  directory, as is the case by de-
+              fault, then other generated files are in effect written  to  the
               output directory.
 
               If $out_dir is blank, the output directory is the current direc-
-              tory  at the invocation of *latex; this is equivalent to setting
+              tory at the invocation of *latex; this is equivalent to  setting
               $out_dir to '.'.
 
-              See the section AUXILIARY AND OUTPUT DIRECTORIES  for  more  de-
+              See  the  section  AUXILIARY AND OUTPUT DIRECTORIES for more de-
               tails.
 
 
 
+                               24 December 2023                             59
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        $pdf_mode [0]
-              If  zero,  do  NOT  generate  a pdf version of the document.  If
-              equal to 1, generate a pdf version of the document using  pdfla-
-              tex,  using the command specified by the $pdflatex variable.  If
-              equal to 2, generate a pdf version of the document from  the  ps
-              file,  by  using  the command specified by the $ps2pdf variable.
-              If equal to 3, generate a pdf version of the document  from  the
-              dvi  file,  by  using the command specified by the $dvipdf vari-
+              If zero, do NOT generate a pdf  version  of  the  document.   If
+              equal  to 1, generate a pdf version of the document using pdfla-
+              tex, using the command specified by the $pdflatex variable.   If
+              equal  to  2, generate a pdf version of the document from the ps
+              file, by using the command specified by  the  $ps2pdf  variable.
+              If  equal  to 3, generate a pdf version of the document from the
+              dvi file, by using the command specified by  the  $dvipdf  vari-
               able.  If equal to 4, generate a pdf version of the document us-
               ing lualatex, using the command specified by the $lualatex vari-
-              able.  If equal to 5, generate a pdf version (and  an  xdv  ver-
-              sion)  of  the document using xelatex, using the commands speci-
+              able.   If  equal  to 5, generate a pdf version (and an xdv ver-
+              sion) of the document using xelatex, using the  commands  speci-
               fied by the $xelatex and xdvipdfmx variables.
 
-              In $pdf_mode=2, it is ensured that .dvi and .ps files  are  also
-              made.   In  $pdf_mode=3,  it is ensured that a .dvi file is also
+              In  $pdf_mode=2,  it is ensured that .dvi and .ps files are also
+              made.  In $pdf_mode=3, it is ensured that a .dvi  file  is  also
               made.  But this may be overridden by the document.
 
        $pdflatex ["pdflatex %O %S"]
@@ -3821,170 +3920,157 @@
               Specifies the command line for the LaTeX processing program in a
               version that makes a pdf file instead of a dvi file.
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             58
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
               An example use of this variable is to add certain options to the
               command line for the program, e.g.,
 
                    $pdflatex = "pdflatex --shell-escape %O %S";
 
-              (In some earlier versions of latexmk, you needed to use  an  as-
-              signment  to  $pdflatex  to allow the use of lualatex or xelatex
+              (In  some  earlier versions of latexmk, you needed to use an as-
+              signment to $pdflatex to allow the use of  lualatex  or  xelatex
               instead of pdflatex.  There are now separate configuration vari-
-              ables  for  the  use  of lualatex or xelatex.  See $lualatex and
+              ables for the use of lualatex or  xelatex.   See  $lualatex  and
               $xelatex.)
 
-              To do a coordinated setting  of  all  of  $dvilualatex,  $latex,
-              $pdflatex,  $lualatex,  and  $xelatex, see the section "Advanced
-              Configuration".
+              To  do  a  coordinated setting of all of $dvilualatex, $hilatex,
+              $latex, $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex, see the section "Ad-
+              vanced Configuration".
 
 
        %pdflatex_input_extensions
-              This variable specifies the extensions tried by latexmk when  it
-              finds  that  a pdflatex run resulted in an error that a file has
-              not been found, and the file  is  given  without  an  extension.
-              This  typically  happens  when  LaTeX  commands of the form \in-
-              put{file} or \includegraphics{figure}, when the relevant  source
+              This  variable specifies the extensions tried by latexmk when it
+              finds that a pdflatex run resulted in an error that a  file  has
+              not  been  found,  and  the  file is given without an extension.
+              This typically happens when LaTeX  commands  of  the  form  \in-
+              put{file}  or \includegraphics{figure}, when the relevant source
               file does not exist.
 
-              In  this  situation, latexmk searches for custom dependencies to
-              make the missing file(s), but restricts  it  to  the  extensions
-              specified  by  the variable %pdflatex_input_extensions.  The de-
+              In this situation, latexmk searches for custom  dependencies  to
+              make  the  missing  file(s),  but restricts it to the extensions
+              specified by the variable %pdflatex_input_extensions.   The  de-
               fault extensions are 'tex', 'pdf', 'jpg, and 'png'.
 
               See details of the %latex_input_extensions for other information
               that equally applies to %pdflatex_input_extensions.
 
-       $pdflatex_silent_switch ["-interaction=batchmode"]
-              Switch(es)  for  the pdflatex program (specified in the variable
-              $pdflatex) when silent mode is on.
 
-              See details of the $latex_silent_switch  for  other  information
-              that equally applies to $pdflatex_silent_switch.
 
-       $pdf_previewer ["start acroread %O %S"]
-              The command to invoke a pdf-previewer.
 
-              On  MS-Windows, the default is changed to "cmd /c start """; un-
-              der more recent versions of Windows, this will cause to  be  run
-              whatever command the system has associated with .pdf files.  But
-              this may be undesirable if this association is  to  acroread  --
-              see the notes in the explanation of the -pvc option.]
+                               24 December 2023                             60
 
-              On  OS-X  the  default is changed to "open %S", which results in
-              OS-X starting up (and detaching) the viewer associated with  the
-              file.   By  default, for pdf files this association is to OS-X's
-              preview, which is quite satisfactory.
 
-              WARNING:  Problem under MS-Windows: if acroread is used  as  the
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             59
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+       $pdflatex_silent_switch ["-interaction=batchmode"]
+              Switch(es) for the pdflatex program (specified in  the  variable
+              $pdflatex) when silent mode is on.
 
+              See  details  of  the $latex_silent_switch for other information
+              that equally applies to $pdflatex_silent_switch.
 
+       $pdf_previewer ["start acroread %O %S"]
+              The command to invoke a pdf-previewer.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              On MS-Windows, the default is changed to "cmd /c start """;  un-
+              der  more  recent versions of Windows, this will cause to be run
+              whatever command the system has associated with .pdf files.  But
+              this  may  be  undesirable if this association is to acroread --
+              see the notes in the explanation of the -pvc option.]
 
+              On OS-X the default is changed to "open %S",  which  results  in
+              OS-X  starting up (and detaching) the viewer associated with the
+              file.  By default, for pdf files this association is  to  OS-X's
+              preview, which is quite satisfactory.
 
-              pdf  previewer,  and  it is actually viewing a pdf file, the pdf
-              file cannot be updated.  Thus makes acroread  a  bad  choice  of
-              previewer  if you use latexmk's previous-continuous mode (option
+              WARNING:   Problem  under MS-Windows: if acroread is used as the
+              pdf previewer, and it is actually viewing a pdf  file,  the  pdf
+              file  cannot  be  updated.   Thus makes acroread a bad choice of
+              previewer if you use latexmk's previous-continuous mode  (option
               -pvc) under MS-windows.  This problem does not occur if, for ex-
               ample, SumatraPDF or gsview is used to view pdf files.
 
-              Important  note:  Normally you will want to have a previewer run
+              Important note: Normally you will want to have a  previewer  run
               detached, so that latexmk doesn't wait for the previewer to ter-
-              minate  before continuing its work.  So normally you should pre-
-              fix the command by "start ", which  flags  to  latexmk  that  it
-              should  do  the  detaching  of the previewer itself (by whatever
-              method is appropriate to the operating system).   But  sometimes
+              minate before continuing its work.  So normally you should  pre-
+              fix  the  command  by  "start  ", which flags to latexmk that it
+              should do the detaching of the  previewer  itself  (by  whatever
+              method  is  appropriate to the operating system).  But sometimes
               letting latexmk do the detaching is not appropriate (for a vari-
-              ety of non-trivial reasons), so you should put the "start "  bit
+              ety  of non-trivial reasons), so you should put the "start " bit
               in yourself, whenever it is needed.
 
        $pdf_update_command [""]
-              When  the  pdf  previewer is set to be updated by running a com-
-              mand, this is the command that is run.  See the information  for
+              When the pdf previewer is set to be updated by  running  a  com-
+              mand,  this is the command that is run.  See the information for
               the variable $pdf_update_method.
 
        $pdf_update_method [1 under UNIX, 3 under MS-Windows]
-              How  the  pdf  viewer  updates its display when the pdf file has
-              changed. See the information on the variable  $dvi_update_method
+              How the pdf viewer updates its display when  the  pdf  file  has
+              changed.  See the information on the variable $dvi_update_method
               for the codes.  (Note that information needs be changed slightly
-              so that for the value 4, to run a command to do the update,  the
-              command  is  specified  by the variable $pdf_update_command, and
-              for the value 2, to specify update  by  signal,  the  signal  is
+              so  that for the value 4, to run a command to do the update, the
+              command is specified by the  variable  $pdf_update_command,  and
+              for  the  value  2,  to  specify update by signal, the signal is
               specified by $pdf_update_signal.)
 
               Note that acroread under MS-Windows (but not UNIX) locks the pdf
               file, so the default value is then 3.
 
-              Arranging to use a command to get a previewer explicitly updated
-              requires three variables to be set.  For example:
 
-                  $pdf_previewer = "start xpdf -remote %R %O %S";
-                  $pdf_update_method = 4;
-                  $pdf_update_command = "xpdf -remote %R -reload";
 
-              The  first  setting  arranges for the xpdf program to be used in
-              its "remote server mode", with the server name specified as  the
-              rootname  of  the TeX file.  The second setting arranges for up-
-              dating to be done in response to a command, and the  third  set-
-              ting sets the update command.
+                               24 December 2023                             61
 
-       $pdf_update_signal  [Under  UNIX:  SIGHUP,  which is a system-dependent
-       value]
-              The number of the signal that is sent to the pdf viewer when  it
-              is  updated  by  sending  a signal -- see the information on the
-              variable $pdf_update_method.  The default value is the  one  ap-
-              propriate for gv on a UNIX system.
 
 
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
-                                6 November 2023                             60
 
+              Arranging to use a command to get a previewer explicitly updated
+              requires three variables to be set.  For example:
 
+                  $pdf_previewer = "start xpdf -remote %R %O %S";
+                  $pdf_update_method = 4;
+                  $pdf_update_command = "xpdf -remote %R -reload";
 
+              The first setting arranges for the xpdf program to  be  used  in
+              its  "remote server mode", with the server name specified as the
+              rootname of the TeX file.  The second setting arranges  for  up-
+              dating  to  be done in response to a command, and the third set-
+              ting sets the update command.
 
+       $pdf_update_signal [Under UNIX: SIGHUP,  which  is  a  system-dependent
+       value]
+              The  number of the signal that is sent to the pdf viewer when it
+              is updated by sending a signal -- see  the  information  on  the
+              variable  $pdf_update_method.   The default value is the one ap-
+              propriate for gv on a UNIX system.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        $pid_position[1 under UNIX, -1 under MS-Windows]
-              The  variable  $pid_position  is  used  to specify which word in
-              lines of the output from $pscmd corresponds to the  process  ID.
-              The  first word in the line is numbered 0.  The default value of
+              The variable $pid_position is used  to  specify  which  word  in
+              lines  of  the output from $pscmd corresponds to the process ID.
+              The first word in the line is numbered 0.  The default value  of
               1 (2nd word in line) is correct for Solaris 2.6, Linux, and OS-X
               with their default settings of $pscmd.
 
-              Setting  the  variable  to -1 is used to indicate that $pscmd is
+              Setting the variable to -1 is used to indicate  that  $pscmd  is
               not to be used.
 
        $postscript_mode [0]
-              If nonzero, generate  a  postscript  version  of  the  document.
+              If  nonzero,  generate  a  postscript  version  of the document.
               Equivalent to the -ps option.
 
-              If  some  other  request  is made for which a postscript file is
+              If some other request is made for which  a  postscript  file  is
               needed, then $postscript_mode will be set to 1.
 
        $pre_tex_code ['']
 
-              Sets TeX code to be executed before inputting the  source  file.
-              This  works  if the relevant one of $latex, etc contains a suit-
+              Sets  TeX  code to be executed before inputting the source file.
+              This works if the relevant one of $latex, etc contains  a  suit-
               able command line with a %P or %U substitution.  For example you
               could do
 
@@ -3991,7 +4077,7 @@
                    $latex = 'latex %O %P';
                    $pre_tex_code = '\AtBeginDocument{An initial message\par}';
 
-              To  set  all  of  $latex, $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex you
+              To set all of $latex, $pdflatex,  $lualatex,  and  $xelatex  you
               could use the subroutine alt_tex_cmds:
 
                    &alt_tex_cmds;
@@ -3999,55 +4085,53 @@
 
 
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             62
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        $preview_continuous_mode [0]
-              If nonzero, run a previewer to view the document,  and  continue
+              If  nonzero,  run a previewer to view the document, and continue
               running latexmk to keep .dvi up-to-date.  Equivalent to the -pvc
-              option.  Which previewer is run depends on the  other  settings,
+              option.   Which  previewer is run depends on the other settings,
               see the command line options -view=, and the variable $view.
 
        $preview_mode [0]
               If nonzero, run a previewer to preview the document.  Equivalent
-              to the -pv option.  Which previewer is run depends on the  other
-              settings,  see the command line options -view=, and the variable
+              to  the -pv option.  Which previewer is run depends on the other
+              settings, see the command line options -view=, and the  variable
               $view.
 
        $printout_mode [0]
-              If nonzero, print the document using the  command  specified  in
+              If  nonzero,  print  the document using the command specified in
               the $lpr variable.  Equivalent to the -p option.  This is recom-
-              mended not to be set from an RC file, otherwise you could  waste
+              mended  not to be set from an RC file, otherwise you could waste
               lots of paper.
 
-
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             61
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        $print_type = ["auto"]
-              Type  of  file  to  printout:  possibilities  are "auto", "dvi",
+              Type of file  to  printout:  possibilities  are  "auto",  "dvi",
               "none", "pdf", or "ps".   See the option -print= for the meaning
               of the "auto" value.
 
        $pscmd Command used to get all the processes currently run by the user.
-              The -pvc option uses  the  command  specified  by  the  variable
-              $pscmd  to  determine  if there is an already running previewer,
-              and to find the process ID (needed if latexmk  needs  to  signal
+              The  -pvc  option  uses  the  command  specified by the variable
+              $pscmd to determine if there is an  already  running  previewer,
+              and  to  find  the process ID (needed if latexmk needs to signal
               the previewer about file changes).
 
               Each line of the output of this command is assumed to correspond
-              to one process.  See the  $pid_position  variable  for  how  the
+              to  one  process.   See  the  $pid_position variable for how the
               process number is determined.
 
-              The  default  for  pscmd  is  "NONE" under MS-Windows and cygwin
-              (i.e., the command is not used), "ps -ww  -u  $ENV{USER}"  under
-              OS-X,  and  "ps  -f -u $ENV{USER}" under other operating systems
+              The default for pscmd is  "NONE"  under  MS-Windows  and  cygwin
+              (i.e.,  the  command  is not used), "ps -ww -u $ENV{USER}" under
+              OS-X, and "ps -f -u $ENV{USER}" under  other  operating  systems
               (including Linux).  In these specifications "$ENV{USER}" is sub-
               stituted by the username.
 
@@ -4056,74 +4140,75 @@
 
        $ps_filter [empty]
               The postscript file filter to be run on the newly produced post-
-              script file before other processing.  Equivalent  to  specifying
+              script  file  before other processing.  Equivalent to specifying
               the -pF option.
 
        $ps_previewer ["start gv %O %S", but start %O %S under MS-Windows]
-              The  command  to  invoke a ps-previewer.  (The default under MS-
+              The command to invoke a ps-previewer.  (The  default  under  MS-
               Windows will cause to be run whatever command the system has as-
               sociated with .ps files.)
 
-              Note  that  gv  could be used with the -watch option updates its
-              display whenever the postscript file changes, whereas  ghostview
-              does  not.  However, different versions of gv have slightly dif-
-              ferent ways of writing this  option.   You  can  configure  this
-              variable appropriately.
+              Note that gv could be used with the -watch  option  updates  its
+              display  whenever the postscript file changes, whereas ghostview
 
-              WARNING: Linux systems may have installed one (or more) versions
-              of gv under different names, e.g.,  ggv,  kghostview,  etc,  but
-              perhaps not one actually called gv.
 
-              Important  note:  Normally you will want to have a previewer run
-              detached, so that latexmk doesn't wait for the previewer to ter-
-              minate  before continuing its work.  So normally you should pre-
-              fix the command by "start ", which  flags  to  latexmk  that  it
-              should  do  the  detaching  of the previewer itself (by whatever
-              method is appropriate to the operating system).   But  sometimes
-              letting latexmk do the detaching is not appropriate (for a vari-
-              ety of non-trivial reasons), so you should put the "start "  bit
-              in yourself, whenever it is needed.
 
+                               24 December 2023                             63
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             62
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+              does not.  However, different versions of gv have slightly  dif-
+              ferent  ways  of  writing  this  option.  You can configure this
+              variable appropriately.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              WARNING: Linux systems may have installed one (or more) versions
+              of  gv  under  different  names, e.g., ggv, kghostview, etc, but
+              perhaps not one actually called gv.
 
+              Important note: Normally you will want to have a  previewer  run
+              detached, so that latexmk doesn't wait for the previewer to ter-
+              minate before continuing its work.  So normally you should  pre-
+              fix  the  command  by  "start  ", which flags to latexmk that it
+              should do the detaching of the  previewer  itself  (by  whatever
+              method  is  appropriate to the operating system).  But sometimes
+              letting latexmk do the detaching is not appropriate (for a vari-
+              ety  of non-trivial reasons), so you should put the "start " bit
+              in yourself, whenever it is needed.
 
-       $ps_previewer_landscape  ["start gv -swap %O %S", but start %O %S under
+
+       $ps_previewer_landscape ["start gv -swap %O %S", but start %O %S  under
        MS-Windows]
               The command to invoke a ps-previewer in landscape mode.
 
        $ps_update_command [""]
-              When the postscript previewer is set to be updated by running  a
-              command,  this  is the command that is run.  See the information
+              When  the postscript previewer is set to be updated by running a
+              command, this is the command that is run.  See  the  information
               for the variable $ps_update_method.
 
        $ps_update_method [0 under UNIX, 1 under MS-Windows]
-              How the postscript viewer updates its display when the .ps  file
-              has  changed.  See  the  information  on  the  variable $dvi_up-
-              date_method for the codes.   (Note  that  information  needs  be
+              How  the postscript viewer updates its display when the .ps file
+              has changed.  See  the  information  on  the  variable  $dvi_up-
+              date_method  for  the  codes.   (Note  that information needs be
               changed slightly so that for the value 4, to run a command to do
-              the update, the command is specified  by  the  variable  $ps_up-
-              date_command,  and for the value 2, to specify update by signal,
+              the  update,  the  command  is specified by the variable $ps_up-
+              date_command, and for the value 2, to specify update by  signal,
               the signal is specified by $ps_update_signal.)
 
-       $ps_update_signal [Under UNIX:  SIGHUP,  which  is  a  system-dependent
+       $ps_update_signal  [Under  UNIX:  SIGHUP,  which  is a system-dependent
        value]
-              The  number of the signal that is sent to the pdf viewer when it
-              is updated by sending a signal --  see  $ps_update_method.   The
+              The number of the signal that is sent to the pdf viewer when  it
+              is  updated  by  sending a signal -- see $ps_update_method.  The
               default value is the one appropriate for gv on a UNIX system.
 
        $pvc_timeout [0]
-              If  this  variable  is  nonzero, there will be a  timeout in pvc
-              mode after a period of inactivity.  Inactivity  means  a  period
-              when  latexmk  has  detected  no  file changes and hence has not
+              If this variable is nonzero, there will be  a   timeout  in  pvc
+              mode  after  a  period of inactivity.  Inactivity means a period
+              when latexmk has detected no file  changes  and  hence  has  not
               taken any actions like compiling the document. The period of in-
               activity is in the variable $pvc_timeout_mins.
 
@@ -4132,102 +4217,102 @@
               The period of inactivity, in minutes, after which pvc mode times
               out.  This is used if $pvc_timeout is nonzero.
 
-       $pvc_view_file_via_temporary [1]
-              The same as $always_view_file_via_temporary, except that it only
-              applies in preview-continuous mode (-pvc option).
 
-       $quote_filenames [1]
-              This specifies whether substitutions for placeholders in command
-              specifications  (as  in  $pdflatex)  are  surrounded  by  double
-              quotes.   If this variable is 1 (or any other value Perl regards
-              as true), then quoting is done.  Otherwise quoting is omitted.
 
-              The quoting method used by latexmk is tested to  work  correctly
-              under  UNIX systems (including Linux and Mac OS-X) and under MS-
-              Windows.  It allows the  use  of  filenames  containing  special
-              characters,  notably  spaces.   (But  note that many versions of
-              *latex cannot correctly deal with TeX files whose names  contain
-              spaces.   Latexmk's quoting only ensures that such filenames are
-              correctly treated by the operating system in  passing  arguments
-              to programs.)
+                               24 December 2023                             64
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             63
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+       $pvc_view_file_via_temporary [1]
+              The same as $always_view_file_via_temporary, except that it only
+              applies in preview-continuous mode (-pvc option).
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+       $quote_filenames [1]
+              This specifies whether substitutions for placeholders in command
+              specifications  (as  in  $pdflatex)  are  surrounded  by  double
+              quotes.  If this variable is 1 (or any other value Perl  regards
+              as true), then quoting is done.  Otherwise quoting is omitted.
 
+              The  quoting  method used by latexmk is tested to work correctly
+              under UNIX systems (including Linux and Mac OS-X) and under  MS-
+              Windows.   It  allows  the  use  of filenames containing special
+              characters, notably spaces.  (But note  that  many  versions  of
+              *latex  cannot correctly deal with TeX files whose names contain
+              spaces.  Latexmk's quoting only ensures that such filenames  are
+              correctly  treated  by the operating system in passing arguments
+              to programs.)
 
        $rc_report [1]
-              After  initialization,  whether  to  give a list of the RC files
+              After initialization, whether to give a list  of  the  RC  files
               read.
 
        $recorder [1]
-              Whether to use the -recorder option to *latex.  Use of this  op-
-              tion  results  in  a file of extension .fls containing a list of
-              the files that these programs have read  and  written.   Latexmk
+              Whether  to use the -recorder option to *latex.  Use of this op-
+              tion results in a file of extension .fls containing  a  list  of
+              the  files  that  these programs have read and written.  Latexmk
               will then use this file to improve its detection of source files
               and generated files after a run of *latex.
 
-              It is generally recommended to use this option (or to  configure
-              the  $recorder  variable to be on.)  But it only works if *latex
-              supports the -recorder option, which is true  for  most  current
+              It  is generally recommended to use this option (or to configure
+              the $recorder variable to be on.)  But it only works  if  *latex
+              supports  the  -recorder  option, which is true for most current
               implementations
 
-              Note  about  the  name of the .fls file: Most implementations of
-              *latex produce an .fls file with the same basename as  the  main
+              Note about the name of the .fls file:  Most  implementations  of
+              *latex  produce  an .fls file with the same basename as the main
               document's LaTeX, e.g., for Document.tex, the .fls file is Docu-
-              ment.fls.  However, some implementations instead  produce  files
+              ment.fls.   However,  some implementations instead produce files
               named for the program, i.e., latex.fls or pdflatex.fls.  In this
-              second case, latexmk copies the latex.fls or pdflatex.fls  to  a
-              file  with  the basename of the main LaTeX document, e.g., Docu-
+              second  case,  latexmk copies the latex.fls or pdflatex.fls to a
+              file with the basename of the main LaTeX document,  e.g.,  Docu-
               ment.fls.
 
        $search_path_separator [See below for default]
               The character separating paths in the environment variables TEX-
-              INPUTS,  BIBINPUTS, and BSTINPUTS.  This variable is mainly used
-              by latexmk when the -outdir, -output-directory, -auxdir,  and/or
-              -aux-directory  options are used.  In that case latexmk needs to
+              INPUTS, BIBINPUTS, and BSTINPUTS.  This variable is mainly  used
+              by  latexmk when the -outdir, -output-directory, -auxdir, and/or
+              -aux-directory options are used.  In that case latexmk needs  to
               communicate  appropriately  modified  search  paths  to  bibtex,
               dvipdf, dvips, and *latex.
 
-              [Comment  to  technically savvy readers: *latex doesn't actually
-              need the modified search path.  But,  surprisingly,  dvipdf  and
-              dvips  do, because sometimes graphics files get generated in the
-              output or aux directories.]
+              [Comment to technically savvy readers: *latex  doesn't  actually
+              need  the  modified  search path.  But, surprisingly, dvipdf and
 
-              The default under MSWin and Cygwin is ';'  and  under  UNIX-like
-              operating  systems  (including Linux and OS-X) is ':'.  Normally
-              the defaults give correct behavior.  But there can be  difficul-
-              ties  if  your operating system is of one kind, but some of your
-              software is running under an emulator for the other kind of  op-
-              erating  system;  in  that  case you'll need to find out what is
-              needed, and set $search_path_separator  explicitly.   (The  same
-              goes,  of  course, for unusual operating systems that are not in
-              the MSWin, Linux, OS-X, Unix collection.)
 
-       $show_time [0]
-              Whether to show time used, both the  total  and  for  individual
-              steps.
 
-              Note: On MS Windows, this is clock time.  On other OSs it is the
-              CPU time used (by latexmk and the child processes  it  invokes).
+                               24 December 2023                             65
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             64
 
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+              dvips do, because sometimes graphics files get generated in  the
+              output or aux directories.]
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              The  default  under  MSWin and Cygwin is ';' and under UNIX-like
+              operating systems (including Linux and OS-X) is  ':'.   Normally
+              the  defaults give correct behavior.  But there can be difficul-
+              ties if your operating system is of one kind, but some  of  your
+              software  is running under an emulator for the other kind of op-
+              erating system; in that case you'll need to  find  out  what  is
+              needed,  and  set  $search_path_separator explicitly.  (The same
+              goes, of course, for unusual operating systems that are  not  in
+              the MSWin, Linux, OS-X, Unix collection.)
 
+       $show_time [0]
+              Whether  to  show  time  used, both the total and for individual
+              steps.
 
+              Note: On MS Windows, this is clock time.  On other OSs it is the
+              CPU  time  used (by latexmk and the child processes it invokes).
               The OS-dependence is because of a limitation of Windows.  If you
               wish to force the use of clock instead of CPU time, you can set
 
@@ -4236,40 +4321,63 @@
 
 
        $silence_logfile_warnings [0]
-              Whether after a run of *latex to summarize warnings in  the  log
-              file  about  undefined  citations  and references.  Setting $si-
+              Whether  after  a run of *latex to summarize warnings in the log
+              file about undefined citations  and  references.   Setting  $si-
               lence_logfile_warnings=0 gives the summary of warnings (provided
-              silent  mode isn't also set), and this is useful to locate unde-
-              fined citations and references  without  searching  through  the
-              much  more verbose log file or the screen output of *latex.  But
-              the summary can also be excessively annoying.   The  default  is
-              not  to  give  these  warnings.   The  command line options -si-
-              lence_logfile_warning_list  and   -silence_logfile_warning_list-
+              silent mode isn't also set), and this is useful to locate  unde-
+              fined  citations  and  references  without searching through the
+              much more verbose log file or the screen output of *latex.   But
+              the  summary  can  also be excessively annoying.  The default is
+              not to give these  warnings.   The  command  line  options  -si-
+              lence_logfile_warning_list   and  -silence_logfile_warning_list-
               also set this variable.
 
-              Note  that multiple occurrences for the same undefined object on
+              Note that multiple occurrences for the same undefined object  on
               the same page and same line will be compressed to a single warn-
               ing.
 
+
        $silent [0]
-              Whether  to run silently.  Setting $silent to 1 has the same ef-
+              Whether to run silently.  Setting $silent to 1 has the same  ef-
               fect as the -quiet of -silent options on the command line.
 
+
        $sleep_time [2]
-              The time to sleep (in seconds) between checking for source  file
-              changes when running with the -pvc option.  This is subject to a
-              minimum of one second delay, except that zero delay is also  al-
-              lowed.
+              The  time to sleep (in seconds) between checking for source-file
+              changes when running with the -pvc option.  If non-zero,  it  is
+              subject to a minimum value give by the $min_sleep_time variable.
+              But a zero value is also allowed.
 
-              A  value  of  exactly 0 gives no delay, and typically results in
-              100% CPU usage, which may not be desirable.
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             66
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
+              A value of exactly 0 gives no delay between checks  for  source-
+              file  changes; it typically results in 100% CPU usage, which may
+              not be desirable.
+
+              In old versions of latexmk, the default value of $sleep_time  of
+              2 wB-pvctmodegand theeamountlofcCPUrusage.beOnemodernpocomputers
+              in
+              with  fast  multi-core CPUs, a smaller value, e.g., 0.1 can give
+              good results, especially when working with small documents whose
+              compilation may take well under a second.
+
+
        $texfile_search [""]
-              This is an obsolete variable,  replaced  by  the  @default_files
+              This  is  an  obsolete  variable, replaced by the @default_files
               variable.
 
-              For   backward   compatibility,  if  you  choose  to  set  $tex-
-              file_search, it is a string of  space-separated  filenames,  and
+              For  backward  compatibility,  if  you  choose  to   set   $tex-
+              file_search,  it  is  a string of space-separated filenames, and
               then latexmk replaces @default_files with the filenames in $tex-
               file_search to which is added "*.tex".
 
@@ -4277,160 +4385,147 @@
               See the documentation for $compiling_cmd.
 
        $tmpdir [See below for default]
-              Directory to store temporary files  that  latexmk  may  generate
+              Directory  to  store  temporary  files that latexmk may generate
               while running.
 
-              The  default  under MSWindows (including cygwin), is to set $tm-
-              pdir to the value of  the  first  of  whichever  of  the  system
+              The default under MSWindows (including cygwin), is to  set  $tm-
+              pdir  to the value of the first of whichever of the system envi-
+              ronment variables TMPDIR or TEMP exists, otherwise to  the  cur-
+              rent  directory.   Under other operating systems (expected to be
+              UNIX/Linux, including OS-X), the default is  the  value  of  the
+              system  environment  variable  TMPDIR  if  it  exists, otherwise
+              "/tmp".
 
+       $use_make_for_missing_files [0]
+              Whether to use make to try and make files that are missing after
+              a  run of *latex, and for which a custom dependency has not been
+              found.  This is generally useful only when latexmk  is  used  as
+              part  of  a bigger project which is built by using the make pro-
+              gram.
 
+              Note that once a missing file has been made, no further calls to
+              make  will  be made on a subsequent run of latexmk to update the
+              file.  Handling this problem is the job of  a  suitably  defined
+              Makefile.   See the section "USING latexmk WITH make" for how to
+              do this.  The intent of calling make from latexmk is  merely  to
+              detect dependencies.
 
-                                6 November 2023                             65
+       $view ["default"]
+              Which  kind  of  file is to be previewed if a previewer is used.
+              The possible values are  "default",  "dvi",  "ps",  "pdf".   The
+              value of "default" means that the "highest" of the kinds of file
 
 
 
+                               24 December 2023                             67
 
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-              environment  variables  TMPDIR  or TEMP exists, otherwise to the
-              current directory.  Under other operating systems  (expected  to
-              be  UNIX/Linux, including OS-X), the default is the value of the
-              system environment  variable  TMPDIR  if  it  exists,  otherwise
-              "/tmp".
 
-       $use_make_for_missing_files [0]
-              Whether to use make to try and make files that are missing after
-              a run of *latex, and for which a custom dependency has not  been
-              found.   This  is  generally useful only when latexmk is used as
-              part of a bigger project which is built by using the  make  pro-
-              gram.
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
-              Note that once a missing file has been made, no further calls to
-              make will be made on a subsequent run of latexmk to  update  the
-              file.   Handling  this  problem is the job of a suitably defined
-              Makefile.  See the section "USING latexmk WITH make" for how  to
-              do  this.   The intent of calling make from latexmk is merely to
-              detect dependencies.
 
-       $view ["default"]
-              Which kind of file is to be previewed if a  previewer  is  used.
-              The  possible  values  are  "default",  "dvi", "ps", "pdf".  The
-              value of "default" means that the "highest" of the kinds of file
               generated is to be used (among .dvi, .ps and .pdf).
 
 
        $warnings_as_errors [0]
-              Normally  latexmk copies the behavior of latex in treating unde-
-              fined references and citations and multiply  defined  references
-              as  conditions  that give a warning but not an error.  The vari-
+              Normally latexmk copies the behavior of latex in treating  unde-
+              fined  references  and citations and multiply defined references
+              as conditions that give a warning but not an error.   The  vari-
               able $warnings_as_errors controls whether this behavior is modi-
               fied.
 
-              When  the  variable  is  non-zero, latexmk at the end of its run
-              will return a non-zero status code to the  operating  system  if
-              any  of  the files processed gives a warning about problems with
+              When the variable is non-zero, latexmk at the  end  of  its  run
+              will  return  a  non-zero status code to the operating system if
+              any of the files processed gives a warning about  problems  with
               citations or references (i.e., undefined citations or references
               or multiply defined references).  This is after latexmk has com-
-              pleted all the runs it needs to try and resolve  references  and
-              citations.   Thus  $warnings_as_errors  being nonzero causes la-
+              pleted  all  the runs it needs to try and resolve references and
+              citations.  Thus $warnings_as_errors being  nonzero  causes  la-
               texmk to treat such warnings as errors, but only when they occur
               on the last run of *latex and only after processing is complete.
-              A non-zero value $warnings_as_errors can be set by the  command-
+              A  non-zero value $warnings_as_errors can be set by the command-
               line option -Werror.
 
               The default behavior is normally satisfactory in the usual edit-
-              compile-edit cycle.  But, for example, latexmk can also be  used
-              as  part  of  a build process for some bigger project, e.g., for
-              creating documentation in the build of a  software  application.
-              Then  it is often sensible to treat citation and reference warn-
-              ings as errors that require the  overall  build  process  to  be
+              compile-edit  cycle.  But, for example, latexmk can also be used
+              as part of a build process for some bigger  project,  e.g.,  for
+              creating  documentation  in the build of a software application.
+              Then it is often sensible to treat citation and reference  warn-
+              ings  as  errors  that  require  the overall build process to be
               aborted.  Of course, since multiple runs of *latex are generally
-              needed to resolve references and citations, what matters is  not
+              needed  to resolve references and citations, what matters is not
+              the warnings on the first run, but the warnings on the last run;
+              latexmk takes this into account appropriately.
 
+              In  addition,  when  preview-continuous mode is used, a non-zero
+              value for $warnings_as_errors changes the use  of  the  commands
+              $failure_cmd,  $warning_cmd,  and  $success_cmd after a complia-
+              tion.  If there are citation or reference warnings, but no other
+              errors,  the  behavior is as follows. If $warning_cmd is set, it
+              is used.  If it is not set, then then if $warnings_as_errors  is
+              non-zero  and $failure_cmd is set, then $failure_cmd.  Otherwise
+              $success_cmd is used, if it is set.  (The foregoing  explanation
+              is rather complicated, because latexmk has to deal with the case
+              that one or more of the commands isn't set.)
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             66
+       $xdv_mode [0]
+              If one, generate an xdv version of the document by use of  xela-
+              tex.
 
 
+       $xdvipdfmx ["xdvipdfmx -E -o %D %O %S"]
 
+              The  program  to  make a pdf file from an xdv file (used in con-
+              junction with xelatex when $pdf_mode=5).
 
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
+                               24 December 2023                             68
 
-              the warnings on the first run, but the warnings on the last run;
-              latexmk takes this into account appropriately.
 
-              In addition, when preview-continuous mode is  used,  a  non-zero
-              value  for  $warnings_as_errors  changes the use of the commands
-              $failure_cmd, $warning_cmd, and $success_cmd  after  a  complia-
-              tion.  If there are citation or reference warnings, but no other
-              errors, the behavior is as follows. If $warning_cmd is  set,  it
-              is  used.  If it is not set, then then if $warnings_as_errors is
-              non-zero and $failure_cmd is set, then $failure_cmd.   Otherwise
-              $success_cmd  is used, if it is set.  (The foregoing explanation
-              is rather complicated, because latexmk has to deal with the case
-              that one or more of the commands isn't set.)
 
 
-       $xdv_mode [0]
-              If  one, generate an xdv version of the document by use of xela-
-              tex.
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
-       $xdvipdfmx ["xdvipdfmx -E -o %D %O %S"]
 
-              The program to make a pdf file from an xdv file  (used  in  con-
-              junction with xelatex when $pdf_mode=5).
-
        $xdvipdfmx_silent_switch ["-q"]
               Switch(es) for the xdvipdfmx program when silent mode is on.
 
        $xelatex ["xelatex %O %S"]
-              Specifies  the  command line for the LaTeX processing program of
-              when the xelatex program is called for.  See  the  documentation
-              of  the -xelatex option for some special properties of latexmk's
+              Specifies the command line for the LaTeX processing  program  of
+              when  the  xelatex program is called for.  See the documentation
+              of the -xelatex option for some special properties of  latexmk's
               use of xelatex.
 
-              Note about xelatex: latexmk uses xelatex to make an .xdv  rather
-              than  .pdf  file, with the .pdf file being created in a separate
+              Note  about xelatex: latexmk uses xelatex to make an .xdv rather
+              than .pdf file, with the .pdf file being created in  a  separate
               step.  This is enforced by the use of the -no-pdf option.  If %O
-              is  part  of the command for invoking xelatex, then latexmk will
+              is part of the command for invoking xelatex, then  latexmk  will
               insert the -no-pdf option automatically, otherwise you must pro-
-              vide  the option yourself.  See the documentation for the -pdfxe
+              vide the option yourself.  See the documentation for the  -pdfxe
               option for why latexmk makes a .xdv file rather than a .pdf file
               when xelatex is used.
 
-              To  do  a  coordinated  setting  of all of $dvilualatex, $latex,
-              $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex, see  the  section  "Advanced
-              Configuration".
+              To do a coordinated setting of all  of  $dvilualatex,  $hilatex,
+              $latex, $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex, see the section "Ad-
+              vanced Configuration".
 
 
        %xelatex_input_extensions
-              This  variable specifies the extensions tried by latexmk when it
-              finds that an xelatex run resulted in an error that a  file  has
-              not  been  found,  and  the  file is given without an extension.
-              This typically happens when LaTeX  commands  of  the  form  \in-
-              put{file}  or \includegraphics{figure}, when the relevant source
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             67
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
+              This variable specifies the extensions tried by latexmk when  it
+              finds  that  an xelatex run resulted in an error that a file has
+              not been found, and the file  is  given  without  an  extension.
+              This  typically  happens  when  LaTeX  commands of the form \in-
+              put{file} or \includegraphics{figure}, when the relevant  source
               file does not exist.
 
-              In this situation, latexmk searches for custom  dependencies  to
-              make  the  missing  file(s),  but restricts it to the extensions
-              specified by the variable  %xelatex_input_extensions.   The  de-
+              In  this  situation, latexmk searches for custom dependencies to
+              make the missing file(s), but restricts  it  to  the  extensions
+              specified  by  the  variable %xelatex_input_extensions.  The de-
               fault extensions are 'tex', 'pdf', 'jpg, and 'png'.
 
               See details of the %latex_input_extensions for other information
@@ -4437,10 +4532,10 @@
               that equally applies to %xelatex_input_extensions.
 
        $xelatex_silent_switch ["-interaction=batchmode"]
-              Switch(es) for the xelatex program (specified  in  the  variable
+              Switch(es)  for  the  xelatex program (specified in the variable
               $xelatex) when silent mode is on.
 
-              See  details  of  the $latex_silent_switch for other information
+              See details of the $latex_silent_switch  for  other  information
               that equally applies to $xelatex_silent_switch.
 
 
@@ -4447,17 +4542,27 @@
 
 
 CUSTOM DEPENDENCIES
-       In any RC file a set of custom dependencies can be set up to convert  a
+       In  any RC file a set of custom dependencies can be set up to convert a
        file with one extension to a file with another.  An example use of this
        would be to allow latexmk to convert a .fig file to .eps to be included
        in the .tex file.
 
 
+
+                               24 December 2023                             69
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
    Defining a custom dependency:
        The old method of configuring latexmk to use a custom dependency was to
-       directly manipulate the @cus_dep_list array that  contains  information
-       defining  the  custom  dependencies.   (See  the section "Old Method of
-       Defining Custom Dependencies" for details.) This  method  still  works,
+       directly  manipulate  the @cus_dep_list array that contains information
+       defining the custom dependencies.  (See  the  section  "Old  Method  of
+       Defining  Custom  Dependencies"  for details.) This method still works,
        but is no longer preferred.
 
        A better method is to use the subroutines that allow convenient manipu-
@@ -4470,7 +4575,7 @@
        The arguments are as follows:
 
        from extension:
-              The extension of the file we are converting from  (e.g.  "fig").
+              The  extension  of the file we are converting from (e.g. "fig").
               It is specified without a period.
 
        to extension:
@@ -4477,99 +4582,87 @@
               The extension of the file we are converting to (e.g. "eps").  It
               is specified without a period.
 
-       must:  If non-zero, the file from which we are converting  must  exist,
-              if  it doesn't exist latexmk will give an error message and exit
+       must:  If  non-zero,  the file from which we are converting must exist,
+              if it doesn't exist latexmk will give an error message and  exit
               unless the -f option is specified.  If must is zero and the file
+              we are converting from doesn't exist, then no action  is  taken.
+              Generally, the appropriate value of must is zero.
 
+       function:
+              The  name  of the subroutine that latexmk should call to perform
+              the file conversion.  The first argument to  the  subroutine  is
+              the base name of the file to be converted without any extension.
+              The subroutines are declared in the syntax of Perl.   The  func-
+              tion  should  return 0 if it was successful and a nonzero number
+              if it failed.
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             68
+       Naturally add_cus_dep adds a custom dependency with the specified  from
+       and  to extensions.  If a custom dependency has been previously defined
+       (e.g., in an rcfile that was read earlier), then it is replaced by  the
+       new one.
 
+       The  subroutine remove_cus_dep removes the specified custom dependency.
+       The subroutine show_cus_dep causes a list of the currently defined cus-
+       tom dependencies to be sent to the screen output.
 
 
+   How custom dependencies are used:
+       An instance of a custom dependency rule is created whenever latexmk de-
+       tects that a run of *latex needs to read a file, like a graphics  file,
+       whose  extension  is the to-extension of a custom dependency.  Then la-
+       texmk examines whether a file exists with the same name, but  with  the
 
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
+                               24 December 2023                             70
 
-              we  are  converting from doesn't exist, then no action is taken.
-              Generally, the appropriate value of must is zero.
 
-       function:
-              The name of the subroutine that latexmk should call  to  perform
-              the  file  conversion.   The first argument to the subroutine is
-              the base name of the file to be converted without any extension.
-              The  subroutines  are declared in the syntax of Perl.  The func-
-              tion should return 0 if it was successful and a  nonzero  number
-              if it failed.
 
 
-       Naturally  add_cus_dep adds a custom dependency with the specified from
-       and to extensions.  If a custom dependency has been previously  defined
-       (e.g.,  in an rcfile that was read earlier), then it is replaced by the
-       new one.
 
-       The subroutine remove_cus_dep removes the specified custom  dependency.
-       The subroutine show_cus_dep causes a list of the currently defined cus-
-       tom dependencies to be sent to the screen output.
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-   How custom dependencies are used:
-       An instance of a custom dependency rule is created whenever latexmk de-
-       tects  that a run of *latex needs to read a file, like a graphics file,
-       whose extension is the to-extension of a custom dependency.   Then  la-
-       texmk  examines  whether a file exists with the same name, but with the
-       corresponding from-extension, as specified  in  the  custom-dependency.
-       If  it  does, then a corresponding instance of the custom dependency is
-       created, after which the rule is invoked whenever the destination  file
+       corresponding  from-extension,  as  specified in the custom-dependency.
+       If it does, then a corresponding instance of the custom  dependency  is
+       created,  after which the rule is invoked whenever the destination file
        (the one with the to-extension) is out-of-date with respect to the cor-
        responding source file.
 
-       To make the new destination file, the Perl subroutine specified in  the
+       To  make the new destination file, the Perl subroutine specified in the
        rule is invoked, with an argument that is the base name of the files in
-       question.  Simple cases just involve a subroutine invoking an  external
-       program;  this  can  be  done by following the templates below, even by
-       those without knowledge of the Perl programming language.   Of  course,
+       question.   Simple cases just involve a subroutine invoking an external
+       program; this can be done by following the  templates  below,  even  by
+       those  without  knowledge of the Perl programming language.  Of course,
        experts could do something much more elaborate.
 
-       One  item  in the specification of each custom-dependency rule, labeled
-       "must" above, specifies how the rule should be applied when the  source
+       One item in the specification of each custom-dependency  rule,  labeled
+       "must"  above, specifies how the rule should be applied when the source
        file fails to exist.
 
-       When  latex reports that an input file (e.g., a graphics file) does not
+       When latex reports that an input file (e.g., a graphics file) does  not
        exist, latexmk tries to find a source file and a custom dependency that
        can be used to make it.  If it succeeds, then it creates an instance of
-       the custom dependency and invokes it to make the  missing  file,  after
+       the  custom  dependency  and invokes it to make the missing file, after
        which the next pass of latex etc will be able to read the newly created
        file.
 
-       Note for advanced usage: The operating  system's  environment  variable
+       Note  for  advanced  usage: The operating system's environment variable
        TEXINPUTS can be used to specify a search path for finding files by la-
-       tex etc.  Correspondingly, when a missing  file  is  reported,  latexmk
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             69
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
-       looks  in the directories specified in TEXINPUTS as well as in the cur-
-       rent directory, to find a source file from which an instance of a  cus-
+       tex  etc.   Correspondingly,  when  a missing file is reported, latexmk
+       looks in the directories specified in TEXINPUTS as well as in the  cur-
+       rent  directory, to find a source file from which an instance of a cus-
        tom dependency can be used to make the missing file.
 
 
    Function to implement custom dependency, traditional method:
-       The  function  that implements a custom dependency gets the information
+       The function that implements a custom dependency gets  the  information
        on the files to be processed in two ways.  The first is through its one
-       argument;  the argument contains the base name of the source and desti-
+       argument; the argument contains the base name of the source and  desti-
        nation files.  The second way is described later.
 
-       A simple and typical example of code in an initialization rcfile  using
+       A  simple and typical example of code in an initialization rcfile using
        the first method is:
 
            add_cus_dep( 'fig', 'eps', 0, 'fig2eps' );
@@ -4577,33 +4670,45 @@
                system( "fig2dev -Leps \"$_[0].fig\" \"$_[0].eps\"" );
            }
 
-       The  first  line adds a custom dependency that converts a file with ex-
+       The first line adds a custom dependency that converts a file  with  ex-
        tension "fig", as created by the xfig program, to an encapsulated post-
-       script  file,  with extension "eps".  The remaining lines define a sub-
-       routine that carries out the conversion.   If  a  rule  for  converting
-       "fig"  to  "eps"  files already exists (e.g., from a previously read-in
-       initialization file), the latexmk will delete this rule  before  making
+       script file, with extension "eps".  The remaining lines define  a  sub-
+       routine  that  carries  out  the  conversion.  If a rule for converting
+       "fig" to "eps" files already exists (e.g., from  a  previously  read-in
+       initialization  file),  the latexmk will delete this rule before making
        the new one.
 
-       Suppose  latexmk  is  using this rule to convert a file "figure.fig" to
-       "figure.eps".  Then it will invoke the fig2eps  subroutine  defined  in
-       the  above  code with a single argument "figure", which is the basename
-       of each of the files (possibly with a path component).   This  argument
-       is  referred to by Perl as $_[0].  In the example above, the subroutine
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             71
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
+       Suppose latexmk is using this rule to convert a  file  "figure.fig"  to
+       "figure.eps".   Then  it  will invoke the fig2eps subroutine defined in
+       the above code with a single argument "figure", which is  the  basename
+       of  each  of the files (possibly with a path component).  This argument
+       is referred to by Perl as $_[0].  In the example above, the  subroutine
        uses the Perl command system to invoke the program fig2dev.  The double
        quotes around the string are a Perl idiom that signify that each string
-       of the form of a variable name, $_[0] in this case, is  to  be  substi-
+       of  the  form  of a variable name, $_[0] in this case, is to be substi-
        tuted by its value.
 
-       If  the  return  value of the subroutine is non-zero, then latexmk will
-       assume an error occurred during the execution of  the  subroutine.   In
-       the  above  example, no explicit return value is given, and instead the
-       return value is the value returned by the last  (and  only)  statement,
+       If the return value of the subroutine is non-zero,  then  latexmk  will
+       assume  an  error  occurred during the execution of the subroutine.  In
+       the above example, no explicit return value is given, and  instead  the
+       return  value  is  the value returned by the last (and only) statement,
        i.e., the invocation of system, which returns the value 0 on success.
 
-       If  you  use  pdflatex,  lualatex or xelatex instead of latex, then you
-       will probably prefer to convert your graphics files to pdf  format,  in
-       which  case  you would replace the above code in an initialization file
+       If you use pdflatex, lualatex or xelatex instead  of  latex,  then  you
+       will  probably  prefer to convert your graphics files to pdf format, in
+       which case you would replace the above code in an  initialization  file
        by
 
            add_cus_dep( 'fig', 'pdf, 0, 'fig2pdf' );
@@ -4611,59 +4716,60 @@
                system( "fig2dev -Lpdf \"$_[0].fig\" \"$_[0].pdf\"" );
            }
 
-       Note 1: In the command lines given in the system commands in the  above
+       Note  1: In the command lines given in the system commands in the above
+       examples, double quotes have been inserted around the file  names  (im-
+       plemented  by '\"' in the Perl language).  They immunize the running of
+       the program against special characters in filenames.  Very often  these
+       quotes  are  not  necessary, i.e., they can be omitted.  But it is nor-
+       mally safer to keep them in.  Even though the rules  for  quoting  vary
+       between  operating  systems,  command  shells  and individual pieces of
+       software, the quotes in the above examples do not cause problems in the
+       cases I have tested.
 
+       Note  2:  One  case in which the quotes are important is when the files
+       are in a subdirectory and your operating system is  Microsoft  Windows.
+       Then  the  separator character for directory components can be either a
+       forward slash '/' or Microsoft's more usual backward slash  '\'.   For-
+       ward  slashes  are  generated  by  latexmk, to maintain its sanity from
+       software like MiKTeX that mixes both directory  separators;  but  their
+       correct use normally requires quoted filenames.  (See a log file from a
+       run of MiKTeX (at least in v. 2.9) for an example of the  use  of  both
+       directory separators.)
 
+       Note  3:  The subroutines implementing custom dependencies in the exam-
+       ples given just have  a  single  line  invoking  an  external  program.
+       That's  the usual situation.  But since the subroutines are in the Perl
+       language, you can implement much more  complicated  processing  if  you
+       need it.
 
-                                6 November 2023                             70
 
 
 
 
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+                               24 December 2023                             72
 
 
-       examples,  double  quotes have been inserted around the file names (im-
-       plemented by '\"' in the Perl language).  They immunize the running  of
-       the  program against special characters in filenames.  Very often these
-       quotes are not necessary, i.e., they can be omitted.  But  it  is  nor-
-       mally  safer  to  keep them in.  Even though the rules for quoting vary
-       between operating systems, command  shells  and  individual  pieces  of
-       software, the quotes in the above examples do not cause problems in the
-       cases I have tested.
 
-       Note 2: One case in which the quotes are important is  when  the  files
-       are  in  a subdirectory and your operating system is Microsoft Windows.
-       Then the separator character for directory components can be  either  a
-       forward  slash  '/' or Microsoft's more usual backward slash '\'.  For-
-       ward slashes are generated by latexmk,  to  maintain  its  sanity  from
-       software  like  MiKTeX  that mixes both directory separators; but their
-       correct use normally requires quoted filenames.  (See a log file from a
-       run  of  MiKTeX  (at least in v. 2.9) for an example of the use of both
-       directory separators.)
 
-       Note 3: The subroutines implementing custom dependencies in  the  exam-
-       ples  given  just  have  a  single  line  invoking an external program.
-       That's the usual situation.  But since the subroutines are in the  Perl
-       language,  you  can  implement  much more complicated processing if you
-       need it.
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
+
    Removing custom dependencies, and when you might need to do this:
-       If you have some general custom dependencies defined in the  system  or
-       user  initialization  file,  you may find that for a particular project
-       they are undesirable.  So you might want to delete the  unneeded  ones.
-       A  situation  where this would be desirable is where there are multiple
-       custom dependencies with the same from-extension or the same  to-exten-
-       sion.  In  that case, latexmk might choose a different one from the one
+       If  you  have some general custom dependencies defined in the system or
+       user initialization file, you may find that for  a  particular  project
+       they  are  undesirable.  So you might want to delete the unneeded ones.
+       A situation where this would be desirable is where there  are  multiple
+       custom  dependencies with the same from-extension or the same to-exten-
+       sion. In that case, latexmk might choose a different one from  the  one
        you want for a specific project.  As an example, to remove any "fig" to
        "eps" rule you would use:
 
            remove_cus_dep( 'fig', 'eps' );
 
-       If  you  have  complicated sets of custom dependencies, you may want to
-       get a listing of the custom dependencies.  This is done  by  using  the
+       If you have complicated sets of custom dependencies, you  may  want  to
+       get  a  listing  of the custom dependencies.  This is done by using the
        line
 
            show_cus_dep();
@@ -4674,57 +4780,56 @@
    Function implementing custom dependency, alternative methods:
        So far the examples for functions to implement custom dependencies have
        used the argument of the function to specify the base name of converted
-       file.   This  method  has been available since very old versions of la-
+       file.  This method has been available since very old  versions  of  la-
        texmk, and many examples can be found, e.g., on the web.
 
-       However in later versions of latexmk  the  internal  structure  of  the
+       However  in later versions of latexmk the internal structure of the im-
+       plementation of its "rules" for the steps of processing, including cus-
+       tom dependencies, became much more powerful.  The function implementing
+       a custom dependency is executed within a special context where a number
+       of  extra  variables  and subroutines are defined.  Publicly documented
+       ones, intended to be long-term stable,  are  listed  below,  under  the
+       heading "Variables and subroutines for processing a rule".
 
+       Examples  of  their  use is given in the following examples, concerning
+       multiple index files and glossaries.
 
+       The only index-file conversion built-in to latexmk is  from  an  ".idx"
+       file  written on one run of *latex to an ".ind" file to be read in on a
+       subsequent run.  But with the index.sty package, for example,  you  can
+       create  extra indexes with extensions that you configure.  Latexmk does
+       not know how to deduce the extensions from the information it has.  But
+       you  can  easily  write a custom dependency.  For example if your latex
+       file uses the command "\newindex{special}{ndx}{nnd}{Special index}" you
+       will  need  to  get latexmk to convert files with the extension .ndx to
+       .nnd.  The most elementary method is to define a custom  dependency  as
+       follows:
 
-                                6 November 2023                             71
+           add_cus_dep( 'ndx', 'nnd', 0, 'ndx2nnd' );
+           sub ndx2nnd {
+               return system( "makeindex -o \"$_[0].nnd\" \"$_[0].ndx\"" );
+           }
+           push @generated_exts, 'ndx', 'nnd';
 
 
 
+                               24 December 2023                             73
 
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-       implementation  of  its  "rules" for the steps of processing, including
-       custom dependencies, became much more powerful.   The  function  imple-
-       menting  a custom dependency is executed within a special context where
-       a number of extra variables and subroutines are defined.  Publicly doc-
-       umented  ones, intended to be long-term stable, are listed below, under
-       the heading "Variables and subroutines for processing a rule".
 
-       Examples of their use is given in the  following  examples,  concerning
-       multiple index files and glossaries.
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
-       The  only  index-file  conversion built-in to latexmk is from an ".idx"
-       file written on one run of *latex to an ".ind" file to be read in on  a
-       subsequent  run.   But with the index.sty package, for example, you can
-       create extra indexes with extensions that you configure.  Latexmk  does
-       not know how to deduce the extensions from the information it has.  But
-       you can easily write a custom dependency.  For example  if  your  latex
-       file uses the command "\newindex{special}{ndx}{nnd}{Special index}" you
-       will need to get latexmk to convert files with the  extension  .ndx  to
-       .nnd.   The  most elementary method is to define a custom dependency as
-       follows:
 
-           add_cus_dep( 'ndx', 'nnd', 0, 'ndx2nnd' );
-           sub ndx2nnd {
-               return system( "makeindex -o \"$_[0].nnd\" \"$_[0].ndx\"" );
-           }
-           push @generated_exts, 'ndx', 'nnd';
-
-       Notice the added line compared with earlier examples.  The  extra  line
+       Notice  the  added line compared with earlier examples.  The extra line
        gets the extensions "ndx" and "nnd" added to the list of extensions for
        generated files; then the extra index files will be deleted by clean-up
        operations
 
-       But  if  you have yet more indexes with yet different extensions, e.g.,
-       "adx" and "and", then you will need a separate function for  each  pair
-       of  extensions.   This  is  quite  annoying.  You can use the Run_subst
+       But if you have yet more indexes with yet different  extensions,  e.g.,
+       "adx"  and  "and", then you will need a separate function for each pair
+       of extensions.  This is quite annoying.   You  can  use  the  Run_subst
        function to simplify the definitions to use a single function:
 
            add_cus_dep( 'ndx', 'nnd', 0, 'dx2nd' );
@@ -4743,49 +4848,48 @@
            }
            push @generated_exts, 'ndx', 'nnd', 'adx', 'and';
 
-       This last example uses the command specification in $makeindex, and  so
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             72
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
-       any  customization you have made for the standard index also applies to
+       This  last example uses the command specification in $makeindex, and so
+       any customization you have made for the standard index also applies  to
        your extra indexes.
 
        Similar techniques can be applied for glossaries.
 
        Those of you with experience with Makefiles, may get concerned that the
-       .ndx  file  is  written during a run of *latex and is always later than
+       .ndx file is written during a run of *latex and is  always  later  than
        the .nnd last read in.  Thus the .nnd appears to be perpetually out-of-
-       date.   This  situation, of circular dependencies, is endemic to latex,
-       and is one of the issues that latexmk is programmed  to  overcome.   It
-       examines  the  contents  of  the files (by use of a checksum), and only
+       date.  This situation, of circular dependencies, is endemic  to  latex,
+       and  is  one  of the issues that latexmk is programmed to overcome.  It
+       examines the contents of the files (by use of  a  checksum),  and  only
        does a remake when the file contents have actually changed.
 
-       Of course if you choose to write random data to the .nnd (or  the  .aux
-       file,  etc) that changes on each new run, then you will have a problem.
+       Of  course  if you choose to write random data to the .nnd (or the .aux
+       file, etc) that changes on each new run, then you will have a  problem.
        For real experts: See the %hash_calc_ignore_pattern if you have to deal
        with such problems.
 
 
    Old Method of Defining Custom Dependencies:
-       In  much  older versions of latexmk, the only method of defining custom
-       dependencies was to directly manipulate the table of  custom  dependen-
+       In much older versions of latexmk, the only method of  defining  custom
+       dependencies  was  to directly manipulate the table of custom dependen-
        cies.  This is contained in the @cus_dep_list array.  It is an array of
-       strings, and each string in the array has four items in it, each  sepa-
-       rated  by  a  space,  the  from-extension, the to-extension, the "must"
-       item, and the name of the subroutine for the custom dependency.   These
+       strings,  and each string in the array has four items in it, each sepa-
+       rated by a space, the  from-extension,  the  to-extension,  the  "must"
+       item,  and the name of the subroutine for the custom dependency.  These
        were all defined above.
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             74
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        An example of the old method of defining custom dependencies is as fol-
-       lows. It is the code in an RC file to ensure  automatic  conversion  of
+       lows.  It  is  the code in an RC file to ensure automatic conversion of
        .fig files to .eps files:
 
            push @cus_dep_list, "fig eps 0 fig2eps";
@@ -4793,82 +4897,81 @@
                return system( "fig2dev -Lps \"$_[0].fig\" \"$_[0].eps\"" );
            }
 
-       This  method  still  works,  and is almost equivalent to the code given
-       earlier that used the add_cus_dep subroutine.  However, the old  method
-       doesn't  delete any previous custom-dependency for the same conversion.
+       This method still works, and is almost equivalent  to  the  code  given
+       earlier  that used the add_cus_dep subroutine.  However, the old method
+       doesn't delete any previous custom-dependency for the same  conversion.
        So the new method is preferable.
 
 
 
 Advanced configuration: Some extra resources and advanced tricks
-       For most purposes, simple configuration for latexmk along the lines  of
-       the  examples  given  is  sufficient.  But sometimes you need something
-       harder.  In this section, I indicate some extra possibilities.   Gener-
-       ally  to  use  these, you need to be fluent in the Perl language, since
+       For  most purposes, simple configuration for latexmk along the lines of
+       the examples given is sufficient.  But  sometimes  you  need  something
+       harder.   In this section, I indicate some extra possibilities.  Gener-
+       ally to use these, you need to be fluent in the  Perl  language,  since
        this is what is used in the rc files.
 
-       See also the section DEALING WITH ERRORS, PROBLEMS, ETC.  See also  the
+       See  also the section DEALING WITH ERRORS, PROBLEMS, ETC.  See also the
        examples in the directory example_rcfiles in the latexmk distributions.
-       Even if none of the examples apply to your  case,  they  may  give  you
+       Even if none of the examples apply to your case, they may give you use-
+       ful ideas
 
 
+   Utility subroutines
+       ensure_path( var, values ...)
 
-                                6 November 2023                             73
+              The first parameter is the name of one of the system's  environ-
+              ment  variables  for search paths.  The remaining parameters are
+              values that should be in the variable.  For each  of  the  value
+              parameters,  if  it  isn't  already  in the variable, then it is
+              prepended to the variable; in that case the environment variable
+              is  created  if it doesn't already exist. For separating values,
+              the character appropriate the the operating system  is  used  --
+              see the configuration variable $search_path_separator.
 
+              Example:
 
+                ensure_path( 'TEXINPUTS', './custom_cls_sty_files//' );
 
+              (In this example, the trailing '//' is documented by TeX systems
+              to mean that *latex search for files in the specified  directory
+              and in all subdirectories.)
 
+              Technically   ensure_path   works  by  setting  Perl's  variable
+              $ENV{var}, where var is the name of the  target  variable.   The
+              changed  value  is then passed as an environment variable to any
+              invoked programs.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
-       useful ideas
 
+                               24 December 2023                             75
 
-   Utility subroutines
-       ensure_path( var, values ...)
 
-              The  first parameter is the name of one of the system's environ-
-              ment variables for search paths.  The remaining  parameters  are
-              values  that  should  be in the variable.  For each of the value
-              parameters, if it isn't already in  the  variable,  then  it  is
-              prepended to the variable; in that case the environment variable
-              is created if it doesn't already exist. For  separating  values,
-              the  character  appropriate  the the operating system is used --
-              see the configuration variable $search_path_separator.
 
-              Example:
 
-                ensure_path( 'TEXINPUTS', './custom_cls_sty_files//' );
 
-              (In this example, the trailing '//' is documented by TeX systems
-              to  mean that *latex search for files in the specified directory
-              and in all subdirectories.)
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
-              Technically  ensure_path  works  by  setting   Perl's   variable
-              $ENV{var},  where  var  is the name of the target variable.  The
-              changed value is then passed as an environment variable  to  any
-              invoked programs.
 
-
    Variables and subroutines for processing a rule
        A step in the processing is called a rule. One possibility to implement
-       the processing of a rule is by a Perl subroutine.  This is  always  the
-       case  for  custom dependencies. Also, for any other rule, you can use a
-       subroutine by prefixing the command specification by the  word  "inter-
+       the  processing  of a rule is by a Perl subroutine.  This is always the
+       case for custom dependencies. Also, for any other rule, you can  use  a
+       subroutine  by  prefixing the command specification by the word "inter-
        nal" -- see the section FORMAT OF COMMAND SPECIFICATIONS.
 
-       When  you use a subroutine for processing a rule, all the possibilities
+       When you use a subroutine for processing a rule, all the  possibilities
        of Perl programming are available, of course.  In addition, some of la-
-       texmk's  internal  variables  and  subroutines are available.  The ones
-       listed below are intended to be  available  to  (advanced)  users,  and
+       texmk's internal variables and subroutines  are  available.   The  ones
+       listed  below  are  intended  to  be available to (advanced) users, and
        their specifications will generally have stability under upgrades. Gen-
-       erally, the variables should be treated as  read-only:  Changing  their
-       values  can  have  bad  consequences, since it is liable to mess up the
+       erally,  the  variables  should be treated as read-only: Changing their
+       values can have bad consequences, since it is liable  to  mess  up  the
        consistency of what latexmk is doing.
 
-       $rule  This variable has the name of the rule,  as  known  to  latexmk.
-              Note  that  the exact contents of this variable for a given rule
+       $rule  This  variable  has  the  name of the rule, as known to latexmk.
+              Note that the exact contents of this variable for a  given  rule
               may be dependent on the version of latexmk
 
        $$Psource
@@ -4875,34 +4978,21 @@
               This gives the name of the primary source file.  Note the double
               dollar signs.
 
-
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             74
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
        $$Pdest
-              This  gives  the  name of the main output file if any.  Note the
+              This gives the name of the main output file if  any.   Note  the
               double dollar signs.
 
 
        pushd( path ), popd()
-              These subroutines are used when  it  is  needed  to  temporarily
+              These  subroutines  are  used  when  it is needed to temporarily
               change the working directory, as in
 
                    pushd( 'some_directory' );
-                   ...  Processing  done  with 'some_directory' as the working
+                   ... Processing done with 'some_directory'  as  the  working
               directory
                    popd()
 
-              They perform exactly the same function as the  commands  of  the
+              They  perform  exactly  the same function as the commands of the
               same names in operating system command shells like bash on Unix,
               and cmd.exe on the Windows.
 
@@ -4909,84 +4999,95 @@
 
        rdb_add_generated( file, ... )
               This subroutine is to be used in the context of a rule, that is,
-              from  within  a  subroutine that is carrying out processing of a
+              from within a subroutine that is carrying out  processing  of  a
               rule.  Such is the case for the subroutine implementing a custom
-              dependency,  or  the  subroutine invoked by using the "internal"
-              keyword in the command specification like that in  the  variable
+              dependency, or the subroutine invoked by  using  the  "internal"
+              keyword  in  the command specification like that in the variable
               $latex.
 
-              Its  arguments  are  a sequence of filenames which are generated
-              during the running of the rule.  The names might arise  from  an
+              Its arguments are a sequence of filenames  which  are  generated
+              during  the  running of the rule.  The names might arise from an
               analysis of the results of the run, e.g., in a log file, or from
-              knowledge  of  properties  of  the   specific   rule.    Calling
-              rdb_add_generated  with these filenames ensures that these files
-              are flagged as generated by the rule in latexmk's internal  data
-              structures.  Basically, no action is taken if the files have al-
-              ready been flagged as generated.
 
-              A main purpose of using this subroutine  is  for  the  situation
-              when  a generated file is also the source file for some rule, so
-              that latexmk can correctly link the  dependency  information  in
-              its network of rules.
 
-              Note: Unlike some other subroutines in this section, there is no
-              argument for a rule for rdb_add_generated. Instead, the  subrou-
-              tine  is  to be invoked during the processing of a rule when la-
-              texmk has set up an appropriate context (i.e., appropriate vari-
-              ables).   In  contrast,  subroutines with a rule argument can be
-              used also outside a rule context.
 
+                               24 December 2023                             76
 
-       rdb_ensure_file( $rule, file )
-              This subroutine ensures that the given file is among the  source
-              files for the specified rule.  It is typically used when, during
-              the processing of a rule, it is known that  a  particular  extra
-              file is among the dependencies that latexmk should know, but its
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             75
 
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
 
+              knowledge   of   properties   of  the  specific  rule.   Calling
+              rdb_add_generated with these filenames ensures that these  files
+              are  flagged as generated by the rule in latexmk's internal data
+              structures.  Basically, no action is taken if the files have al-
+              ready been flagged as generated.
 
+              A  main  purpose  of  using this subroutine is for the situation
+              when a generated file is also the source file for some rule,  so
+              that  latexmk  can  correctly link the dependency information in
+              its network of rules.
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+              Note: Unlike some other subroutines in this section, there is no
+              argument  for a rule for rdb_add_generated. Instead, the subrou-
+              tine is to be invoked during the processing of a rule  when  la-
+              texmk has set up an appropriate context (i.e., appropriate vari-
+              ables).  In contrast, subroutines with a rule  argument  can  be
+              used also outside a rule context.
 
 
-              default methods don't find the  dependency.  Almost  always  the
-              first  argument  is  the  name  of the rule currently being pro-
+       rdb_ensure_file( $rule, file )
+              This  subroutine ensures that the given file is among the source
+              files for the specified rule.  It is typically used when, during
+              the  processing  of  a rule, it is known that a particular extra
+              file is among the dependencies that latexmk should know, but its
+              default  methods  don't  find  the dependency. Almost always the
+              first argument is the name of  the  rule  currently  being  pro-
               cessed, so it is then appropriate to specify it by $rule.
 
-              For examples of its use, see some of the files in the  directory
-              example_rcfiles  of latexmk's distribution.  Currently the cases
-              that use this  subroutine  are  bib2gls-latexmkrc,  exceltex_la-
-              texmkrc  and  texinfo-latexmkrc.  These illustrate typical cases
-              where latexmk's normal processing fails to detect certain  extra
+              For  examples of its use, see some of the files in the directory
+              example_rcfiles of latexmk's distribution.  Currently the  cases
+              that  use  this  subroutine  are bib2gls-latexmkrc, exceltex_la-
+              texmkrc and texinfo-latexmkrc.  These illustrate  typical  cases
+              where  latexmk's normal processing fails to detect certain extra
               source files.
 
               Note that rdb_ensure_file only has one filename argument, unlike
               other subroutines in this section.  If you want to apply its ac-
-              tion  to  multiple  files,  you  will  need  one call to rdb_en-
+              tion to multiple files,  you  will  need  one  call  to  rdb_en-
               sure_file for each file.
 
 
        rdb_remove_files( $rule, file, ... )
-              This subroutine removes one or more files  from  the  dependency
+              This  subroutine  removes  one or more files from the dependency
               list for the given rule.
 
 
        rdb_remove_generated( file, ... )
               This subroutine is to be used in the context of a rule, that is,
-              from within a subroutine that is carrying out  processing  of  a
-              rule.   It  performs  the  opposite action to rdb_add_generated.
-              Its effect is to ensure that the given filenames are not  listed
-              in  latexmk's internal data structures as being generated by the
+              from  within  a  subroutine that is carrying out processing of a
+              rule.  It performs the  opposite  action  to  rdb_add_generated.
+              Its  effect is to ensure that the given filenames are not listed
+              in latexmk's internal data structures as being generated by  the
               rule.
 
 
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             77
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        rdb_list_source( $rule )
-              This subroutine returns the list of source files (i.e., the  de-
+              This  subroutine returns the list of source files (i.e., the de-
               pendency list) for the given rule.
 
 
@@ -4994,9 +5095,9 @@
 
 
        rdb_set_source( $rule, @files )
-              This  subroutine  sets the dependency list for the given rule to
+              This subroutine sets the dependency list for the given  rule  to
               be the specified files.  Files that are already in the list have
-              unchanged  information.   Files  that  were  not in the list are
+              unchanged information.  Files that were  not  in  the  list  are
               added to it.  Files in the previous dependency list that are not
               in the newly specified list of files are removed from the depen-
               dency list.
@@ -5004,59 +5105,58 @@
 
        Run_subst( command_spec )
               This subroutine runs the command specified by command_spec.  The
-              specification  is  a  string in the format listed in the section
-              "Format of Command Specifications".  An important action of  the
+              specification is a string in the format listed  in  the  section
+              "Format  of Command Specifications".  An important action of the
               Run_subst is to make substitutions of placeholders, e.g., %S and
-              %D for source  and  destination  files;  these  get  substituted
+              %D  for  source and destination files; these get substituted be-
+              fore the command is run.  In addition, the command after substi-
+              tution  is  printed  to  the screen unless latexmk is running in
+              silent mode.
 
 
+   Coordinated Setting of Commands for *latex
+       To set all of $dvilualatex, $hilatex, $latex, $pdflatex, $lualatex, and
+       $xelatex  to a common pattern, you can use one of the following subrou-
+       tines, std_tex_cmds, alt_tex_cmds, and set_tex_cmds.
 
-                                6 November 2023                             76
+       To get the standard commands, use
 
+          &std_tex_cmds;
 
+       This results in $latex = 'latex %O %S', and similarly for $dvilualatex,
+       $hilatex,  $pdflatex,  $lualatex,  and $xelatex.  Note the ampersand in
+       the invocation; this indicates to  Perl  that  a  subroutine  is  being
+       called.   (The  use of this subroutine enables you to override previous
+       redefinitions of the $latex, etc variables, which might  have  occurred
+       in an earlier-read rc file.)
 
+       To  be  able to use the string provided by the -pretex option (if any),
+       you can use
 
+          &alt_tex_cmds;
 
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+       This results in $latex = 'latex %O %P', etc.  Again note the  ampersand
+       in  the  invocation;  this indicates to Perl that a subroutine is being
+       called.
 
+       A more general way of specifying the variables is using
 
-              before  the command is run.  In addition, the command after sub-
-              stitution is printed to the screen unless latexmk is running  in
-              silent mode.
 
 
-   Coordinated Setting of Commands for *latex
-       To  set all of $dvilualatex, $latex, $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex
-       to a common pattern, you can use  one  of  the  following  subroutines,
-       std_tex_cmds, alt_tex_cmds, and set_tex_cmds.
+                               24 December 2023                             78
 
-       To get the standard commands, use
 
-          &std_tex_cmds;
 
-       This results in $latex = 'latex %O %S', and similarly for $dvilualatex,
-       $pdflatex, $lualatex, and $xelatex.  Note the ampersand in the  invoca-
-       tion;  this  indicates to Perl that a subroutine is being called.  (The
-       use of this subroutine enables you to override  previous  redefinitions
-       of  the $latex, etc variables, which might have occurred in an earlier-
-       read rc file.)
 
-       To be able to use the string provided by the -pretex option  (if  any),
-       you can use
 
-          &alt_tex_cmds;
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
 
-       This  results in $latex = 'latex %O %P', etc.  Again note the ampersand
-       in the invocation; this indicates to Perl that a  subroutine  is  being
-       called.
 
-       A more general way of specifying the variables is using
-
          set_tex_cmds( 'CMD_SPEC' );
 
-       Here  CMD_SPEC  is  the command line without the program name. This re-
-       sults in $latex = 'latex CMD_SPEC', and similarly for  $pdflatex,  etc.
-       (An  ampersand  preceding  the  subroutine  name is not necessary here,
+       Here CMD_SPEC is the command line without the program  name.  This  re-
+       sults  in  $latex = 'latex CMD_SPEC', and similarly for $pdflatex, etc.
+       (An ampersand preceding the subroutine  name  is  not  necessary  here,
        since the parentheses show Perl that a subroutine is being invoked.)
 
        An example that provides the --interaction=batchmode option to the *la-
@@ -5064,68 +5164,69 @@
 
          set_tex_cmds( '--interaction=batchmode %O %S' );
 
-       This  results  in $latex = 'latex --interaction=batchmode %O %S ', etc.
-       Note that when '%O' appears after the added option,  as  here,  options
+       This results in $latex = 'latex --interaction=batchmode %O %S  ',  etc.
+       Note  that  when  '%O' appears after the added option, as here, options
        provided on the command line to latexmk can override the supplied one.
 
        A more general command line can be set up by using the placeholder '%C'
        in CMD_SPEC.  The '%C' is substituted by the basic name of the command,
        i.e., whichever of 'latex', 'pdflatex', etc is appropriate.  (More than
-       one occurrence of '%C' is allowed.)  For example to  use  the  develop-
+       one  occurrence  of  '%C' is allowed.)  For example to use the develop-
        ment/pre-release versions of latex, etc, which have names, 'latex-dev',
        'pdflatex-dev', etc, you could use
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             77
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
          set_tex_cmds( '%C-dev %O %S' );
 
        This results in $latex = 'latex-dev %O %S', etc.  (The pre-release pro-
-       grams  latex-dev  etc  are provided in current distributions of TeXLive
+       grams latex-dev etc are provided in current  distributions  of  TeXLive
        and MiKTeX.)
 
 
    Advanced configuration: Using latexmk with make
-       This section is targeted only at advanced users who use the  make  pro-
+       This  section  is targeted only at advanced users who use the make pro-
        gram for complex projects, as for software development, with the depen-
        dencies specified by a Makefile.
 
-       Now the basic task of latexmk is to run  the  appropriate  programs  to
-       make  a  viewable version of a LaTeX document.  However, the usual make
-       program is not suited to this purpose for at least two reasons.   First
+       Now  the  basic  task  of latexmk is to run the appropriate programs to
+       make a viewable version of a LaTeX document.  However, the  usual  make
+       program  is not suited to this purpose for at least two reasons.  First
        is that the use of LaTeX involves circular dependencies (e.g., via .aux
        files), and these cannot be handled by the standard make program.  Sec-
-       ond  is  that  in  a  large document the set of source files can change
-       quite frequently, particularly with included graphics  files;  in  this
-       situation  keeping a Makefile manually updated is inappropriate and er-
+       ond is that in a large document the set  of  source  files  can  change
+       quite  frequently,  particularly  with included graphics files; in this
+       situation keeping a Makefile manually updated is inappropriate and  er-
        ror-prone, especially when the dependencies can be determined automati-
        cally.  Latexmk solves both of these problems robustly.
 
-       Thus  for  many  standard LaTeX documents latexmk can be used by itself
-       without the make program.  In a complex project it simply needs  to  be
-       suitably  configured.  A standard configuration would be to define cus-
-       tom dependencies to make graphics files from their source files  (e.g.,
-       as  created  by  the  xfig program).  Custom dependencies are latexmk's
+       Thus for many standard LaTeX documents latexmk can be  used  by  itself
+       without  the  make program.  In a complex project it simply needs to be
+       suitably configured.  A standard configuration would be to define  cus-
+       tom  dependencies to make graphics files from their source files (e.g.,
+       as created by the xfig program).   Custom  dependencies  are  latexmk's
        equivalent of pattern rules in Makefiles.
 
-       Nevertheless there are projects for which a  Makefile  is  appropriate,
+       Nevertheless  there  are  projects for which a Makefile is appropriate,
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             79
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
        and it is useful to know how to use latexmk from a Makefile.  A typical
        example would be to generate documentation for a software project.  Po-
-       tentially  the  interaction  with the rest of the rules in the Makefile
+       tentially the interaction with the rest of the rules  in  the  Makefile
        could be quite complicated, for example if some of the source files for
        a LaTeX document are generated by the project's software.
 
        In this section, I give a couple of examples of how latexmk can be use-
-       fully invoked from a Makefile.  The examples use specific  features  of
-       current  versions  of  GNU make, which is the default on both linux and
+       fully  invoked  from a Makefile.  The examples use specific features of
+       current versions of GNU make, which is the default on  both  linux  and
        OS-X systems.  They may need modifications for other versions of make.
 
        The simplest method is simply to delegate all the relevant tasks to la-
@@ -5137,45 +5238,33 @@
            %.pdf : %.tex FORCE_MAKE
                latexmk -pdf -dvi- -ps- $<
 
-       (Note: the last line must be introduced by a tab for  the  Makefile  to
-       function  correctly!)  Naturally, if making try.pdf from its associated
-       LaTeX file try.tex were the only task to be performed, a direct use  of
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             78
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
-       latexmk  without  a  Makefile would normally be better.  The benefit of
-       using a Makefile for a LaTeX document would be  in  a  larger  project,
+       (Note:  the  last  line must be introduced by a tab for the Makefile to
+       function correctly!)  Naturally, if making try.pdf from its  associated
+       LaTeX  file try.tex were the only task to be performed, a direct use of
+       latexmk without a Makefile would normally be better.   The  benefit  of
+       using  a  Makefile  for  a LaTeX document would be in a larger project,
        where lines such as the above would be only be a small part of a larger
        Makefile.
 
        The above example has a pattern rule for making a .pdf file from a .tex
-       file,  and it is defined to use latexmk in the obvious way.  There is a
+       file, and it is defined to use latexmk in the obvious way.  There is  a
        conventional  default  target  named  "all",  with  a  prerequisite  of
-       try.pdf.   So  when  make is invoked, by default it makes try.pdf.  The
-       only complication is  that  there  may  be  many  source  files  beyond
+       try.pdf.  So when make is invoked, by default it  makes  try.pdf.   The
+       only  complication  is  that  there  may  be  many  source files beyond
        try.tex, but these aren't specified in the Makefile, so changes in them
-       will not by themselves cause latexmk to be invoked.  Instead, the  pat-
-       tern  rule is equipped with a "phony" prerequisite FORCE_MAKE; this has
-       the effect of causing the rule to be always out-of-date,  so  that  la-
-       texmk  is always run.  It is latexmk that decides whether any action is
-       needed, e.g., a rerun of pdflatex.  Effectively the Makefile  delegates
-       all  decisions  to  latexmk, while make has no knowledge of the list of
+       will  not by themselves cause latexmk to be invoked.  Instead, the pat-
+       tern rule is equipped with a "phony" prerequisite FORCE_MAKE; this  has
+       the  effect  of  causing the rule to be always out-of-date, so that la-
+       texmk is always run.  It is latexmk that decides whether any action  is
+       needed,  e.g., a rerun of pdflatex.  Effectively the Makefile delegates
+       all decisions to latexmk, while make has no knowledge of  the  list  of
        source files except for primary LaTeX file for the  document.  If there
        are, for example, graphics files to be made, these must be made by cus-
        tom dependencies configured in latexmk.
 
-       But something better is needed in more complicated situations, for  ex-
+       But  something better is needed in more complicated situations, for ex-
        ample, when the making of graphics files needs to be specified by rules
-       in the Makefile.  To do this, one can use a Makefile like  the  follow-
+       in  the  Makefile.  To do this, one can use a Makefile like the follow-
        ing:
 
             TARGETS = document1.pdf document2.pdf
@@ -5183,6 +5272,18 @@
             LATEXMK = latexmk -recorder -use-make -deps \
                   -e 'warn qq(In Makefile, turn off custom dependencies\n);' \
                   -e '@cus_dep_list = ();' \
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             80
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
                   -e 'show_cus_dep();'
             all : $(TARGETS)
             $(foreach file,$(TARGETS),$(eval -include $(DEPS_DIR)/$(file)P))
@@ -5194,64 +5295,64 @@
             %.pdf : %.fig
                    fig2dev -Lpdf $< $@
 
-       (Again,  the  lines  containing  the  commands  for the rules should be
+       (Again, the lines containing the  commands  for  the  rules  should  be
        started with tabs.)  This example was inspired by how GNU automake han-
        dles automatic dependency tracking of C source files.
 
-       After  each  run of latexmk, dependency information is put in a file in
-       the .deps subdirectory.  The Makefile causes these dependency files  to
+       After each run of latexmk, dependency information is put in a  file  in
+       the  .deps subdirectory.  The Makefile causes these dependency files to
        be read by make, which now has the full dependency information for each
-       target .pdf file.  To make things less trivial it  is  specificed  that
-       two  files document1.pdf and document2.pdf are the targets.  The depen-
+       target  .pdf  file.   To make things less trivial it is specificed that
+       two files document1.pdf and document2.pdf are the targets.  The  depen-
        dency files are .deps/document1.pdfP and .deps/document2.pdfP.
 
-       There is now no need for the phony prerequisite for the  rule  to  make
-
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             79
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
+       There  is  now  no need for the phony prerequisite for the rule to make
        .pdf files from .tex files.  But I have added a rule to make .pdf files
-       from .fig files produced by the xfig program; these are  commonly  used
-       for  graphics  insertions  in  LaTeX documents.  Latexmk is arranged to
+       from  .fig  files produced by the xfig program; these are commonly used
+       for graphics insertions in LaTeX documents.   Latexmk  is  arranged  to
        output a dependency file after each run.  It is given the -recorder op-
-       tion,  which  improves its detection of files generated during a run of
-       pdflatex; such files should not be in the dependency list.  The -e  op-
-       tions  are  used  to  turn off all custom dependencies, and to document
-       this.  Instead the -use-make is used to delegate the making of  missing
+       tion, which improves its detection of files generated during a  run  of
+       pdflatex;  such files should not be in the dependency list.  The -e op-
+       tions are used to turn off all custom  dependencies,  and  to  document
+       this.   Instead the -use-make is used to delegate the making of missing
        files to make itself.
 
-       Suppose  in  the LaTeX file there is a command \includegraphics{graph},
-       and an xfig file "graph.fig" exists.  On a first run, pdflatex  reports
-       a  missing  file, named "graph". Latexmk succeeds in making "graph.pdf"
+       Suppose in the LaTeX file there is a  command  \includegraphics{graph},
+       and  an xfig file "graph.fig" exists.  On a first run, pdflatex reports
+       a missing file, named "graph". Latexmk succeeds in  making  "graph.pdf"
        by calling "make graph.pdf", and after completion of its work, it lists
        "fig.pdf" among the dependents of the file latexmk is making.  Then let
-       "fig.fig" be updated, and then let make be  run.   Make  first  remakes
+       "fig.fig"  be  updated,  and  then let make be run.  Make first remakes
        "fig.pdf", and only then reruns latexmk.
 
-       Thus  we  now  have  a method by which all the subsidiary processing is
+       Thus we now have a method by which all  the  subsidiary  processing  is
        delegated to make.
 
-       Escaping of characters in dependency lists: There are  certain  special
-       characters  that need to be escaped when names of files and directories
-       containing them appear in a dependency list used  by  a  make  program.
+       Escaping  of  characters in dependency lists: There are certain special
+       characters that need to be escaped when names of files and  directories
+       containing  them  appear  in  a dependency list used by a make program.
        Generally, such special characters are best avoided.
 
-       By  default,  latexmk  does no escaping of this kind, and the user will
+       By default, latexmk does no escaping of this kind, and  the  user  will
        have to arrange to deal with the issue separately, if the relevant spe-
-       cial  characters  are used.  Note that the rules for escaping depend on
+       cial characters are used.  Note that the rules for escaping  depend  on
        which make program is used, and on its version.
 
-       One special case is of spaces, since those are particularly  prevalent,
-       notably  in  standard  choices of name for a user's home directory.  So
-       latexmk does provide an  option  to  escape  spaces.   See  the  option
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             81
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
+       One  special case is of spaces, since those are particularly prevalent,
+       notably in standard choices of name for a user's  home  directory.   So
+       latexmk  does  provide  an  option  to  escape  spaces.  See the option
        -deps_escape=... and the variable $deps_escape for details.
 
 
@@ -5258,11 +5359,11 @@
 
 NON_ASCII CHARACTERS IN FILENAMES, RC FILES, ETC
        Modern operating systems and file systems allow non-ASCII characters in
-       the names of files and directories  that  encompass  the  full  Unicode
+       the  names  of  files  and  directories that encompass the full Unicode
        range.  Mostly, latexmk deals with these correctly.  However, there are
-       some situations in which there are problems, notably on Microsoft  Win-
+       some  situations in which there are problems, notably on Microsoft Win-
        dows.  Prior to version 4.77, latexmk had problems with non-ASCII file-
-       names on Windows, even though there were no corresponding  problems  on
+       names  on  Windows, even though there were no corresponding problems on
        macOS and Linux.  These problems are corrected in the present version.
 
        DETAILS TO BE FILLED IN
@@ -5273,48 +5374,49 @@
        latex(1), bibtex(1), lualatex(1), pdflatex(1), xelatex(1).
 
 
-
-
-                                6 November 2023                             80
-
-
-
-
-
-LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
-
-
 BUGS (SELECTED)
        Sometimes a viewer (gv) tries to read an updated .ps or .pdf file after
-       its creation is started but before the file is complete.  Work  around:
+       its  creation is started but before the file is complete.  Work around:
        manually refresh (or reopen) display.  Or use one of the other preview-
        ers and update methods.
 
-       (The following isn't really a bug, but concerns  features  of  preview-
-       ers.)   Preview  continuous mode only works perfectly with certain pre-
-       viewers: Xdvi on UNIX/Linux works for  dvi  files.   Gv  on  UNIX/Linux
-       works  for  both  postscript  and pdf.  Ghostview on UNIX/Linux needs a
-       manual update (reopen); it views postscript and pdf.  Gsview under  MS-
-       Windows  works  for both postscript and pdf, but only reads the updated
-       file when its screen is refreshed.   Acroread  under  UNIX/Linux  views
-       pdf,  but  the  file needs to be closed and reopened to view an updated
-       version.  Under MS-Windows, acroread locks its input file  and  so  the
-       pdf  file  cannot  be updated.  (Remedy: configure latexmk to use suma-
+       (The  following  isn't  really a bug, but concerns features of preview-
+       ers.)  Preview continuous mode only works perfectly with  certain  pre-
+       viewers:  Xdvi  on  UNIX/Linux  works  for dvi files.  Gv on UNIX/Linux
+       works for both postscript and pdf.  Ghostview  on  UNIX/Linux  needs  a
+       manual  update (reopen); it views postscript and pdf.  Gsview under MS-
+       Windows works for both postscript and pdf, but only reads  the  updated
+       file  when  its  screen  is refreshed.  Acroread under UNIX/Linux views
+       pdf, but the file needs to be closed and reopened to  view  an  updated
+       version.   Under  MS-Windows,  acroread locks its input file and so the
+       pdf file cannot be updated.  (Remedy: configure latexmk  to  use  suma-
        trapdf instead.)
 
 THANKS TO
-       Authors of previous versions.  Many users with their feedback, and  es-
+       Authors  of previous versions.  Many users with their feedback, and es-
        pecially David Coppit (username david at node coppit.org) who made many
-       useful suggestions that contributed to version 3, and  Herbert  Schulz.
-       (Please  note  that the e-mail addresses are not written in their stan-
+       useful  suggestions  that contributed to version 3, and Herbert Schulz.
+       (Please note that the e-mail addresses are not written in  their  stan-
        dard form to avoid being harvested too easily.)
 
 AUTHOR
-       Current version, by John Collins (Version 4.81).  Report  bugs  etc  to
+       Current  version,  by  John Collins (Version 4.82).  Report bugs etc to
        his e-mail (jcc8 at psu.edu).
 
-       Released      version      can      be      obtained     from     CTAN:
-       <http://www.ctan.org/pkg/latexmk/>,  and  from  the  author's   website
+       Released     version     can      be      obtained      from      CTAN:
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             82
+
+
+
+
+
+LATEXMK(1)                  General Commands Manual                 LATEXMK(1)
+
+
+       <http://www.ctan.org/pkg/latexmk/>,   and  from  the  author's  website
        <https://www.cantab.net/users/johncollins/latexmk/>.
        Modifications and enhancements by Evan McLean (Version 2.0)
        Original script called "go" by David J. Musliner (RCS Version 3.2)
@@ -5341,6 +5443,36 @@
 
 
 
-                                6 November 2023                             81
 
 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+                               24 December 2023                             83
+
+

Modified: trunk/Master/texmf-dist/scripts/latexmk/latexmk.pl
===================================================================
--- trunk/Master/texmf-dist/scripts/latexmk/latexmk.pl	2023-12-26 21:02:15 UTC (rev 69220)
+++ trunk/Master/texmf-dist/scripts/latexmk/latexmk.pl	2023-12-26 21:04:28 UTC (rev 69221)
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env perl
 use warnings;
 
+
+
 ## Copyright John Collins 1998-2023
 ##           (username jcc8 at node psu.edu)
 ##      (and thanks to David Coppit (username david at node coppit.org) 
@@ -40,10 +42,14 @@
 ##             20 = probable bug
 ##             or retcode from called program.
 
-$my_name = 'latexmk';
-$My_name = 'Latexmk';
-$version_num = '4.81';
-$version_details = "$My_name, John Collins, 6 Nov. 2023. Version $version_num";
+BEGIN {
+    # Make sure the following are available when printing diagnostics in BEGIN
+    # blocks.
+    $my_name = 'latexmk';
+    $My_name = 'Latexmk';
+    $version_num = '4.82';
+    $version_details = "$My_name, John Collins, 24 Dec. 2023. Version $version_num";
+}
 
 use Config;
 use File::Basename;
@@ -81,9 +87,25 @@
 use Cwd "chdir";    # Ensure $ENV{PWD}  tracks cwd.
 use Digest::MD5;
 
-# **WARNING**: Don't import time; that overrides core function time(), and messes up
-#  somethings
+our %HiRes_non_imports;
 use Time::HiRes;
+BEGIN {
+    # Import some HiRes functions to override standard ones.
+    # However, Time::HiRes's documentation says that some of its functions
+    # may be unimplemented on some systems.
+    # So take precautions in case the ones I need aren't implemented.
+    # I must do the import in a BEGIN block, i.e., during compilation
+    # phase, else calls to time() etc get compiled to use std time(), i.e.,
+    # CORE::time(), instead of the HiRes versions.
+    %HiRes_non_imports = ();
+    foreach ( ( qw( time stat sleep ) ) ) {
+        if ( ! eval{ Time::HiRes->import($_);  1; } ) {
+            $HiRes_non_imports{$_} = 1;
+            warn "$My_name: Cannot import Time::HiRes::$_ on this system\n",
+                "$@";
+        }
+    }
+}
 
 #################################################
 #
@@ -365,6 +387,14 @@
 # Use to limit number of (potentially) wrapped lines to combine into single line.
 $max_log_construct = 600;
 
+# Whether to search for ^^ notation in log file for non-7-bit characters,
+# and convert to bytes.  (Note: ^^ notation is produced by hilatex in
+# TeXLive 2023, and by pdflatex in MiKTeX 22.1 if no special option is
+# used (-enable-8bit-chars).  (Also pdflatex in TeXLive 2023 (and earlier)
+# gives it if -translate-file=empty is used.)
+# Should also do same with aux files, but I've not done that yet. ????
+# fls file is always UTF-8.
+$conv_hathat = 1;
 
 #########################################################################
 ## Default parsing and file-handling settings
@@ -483,10 +513,11 @@
 $tex_distribution = '';
 
 # List of known *latex rules:
-%possible_primaries = ( 'dvilualatex'  => 'primary', 'latex'  => 'primary',
+%possible_primaries = ( 'dvilualatex'  => 'primary', 'hilatex'  => 'primary',
+                        'latex'  => 'primary',
                         'lualatex'  => 'primary', 'pdflatex'  => 'primary',
                         'xelatex'  => 'primary' );
-&std_tex_cmds;
+std_tex_cmds();
 
 # Possible code to execute by *latex before inputting source file.
 # Not used by default.
@@ -493,6 +524,7 @@
 $pre_tex_code = '';
 
 ## Default switches:
+$hilatex_default_switches = '';
 $latex_default_switches = '';
 $pdflatex_default_switches = '';
 $dvilualatex_default_switches = '';
@@ -502,6 +534,7 @@
 $xelatex_default_switches = '-no-pdf';
 
 ## Switch(es) to make them silent:
+$hilatex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
 $latex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
 $pdflatex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
 $dvilualatex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
@@ -533,6 +566,15 @@
 # Possible extensions for main output file of *latex:
 %allowed_output_ext = ( ".dvi" => 1, ".xdv" => 1, ".pdf" => 1 );
 
+# Extensions etc, of special use by latexmk
+$save_error_suffix = '-SAVE-ERROR';  # Suffix to be added to filename, when an
+                          # erroneous file is saved insted of being deleted.
+$fdb_ext = 'fdb_latexmk'; # Extension for the file for latexmk's
+                          # file-database
+                          # Make it long to avoid possible collisions.
+$fdb_ver = 4;             # Version number for kind of fdb_file.
+
+
 # Variables relevant to specifying cleanup.
 # The first set of variables is intended to be user configurable.
 #
@@ -564,7 +606,8 @@
 #   bbl files get special treatment because their deletion is conditional
 #       and because of the possibility of extra bibtex/biber rules with
 #       non-standard basename.
- at generated_exts = ( 'aux', 'bcf', 'fls', 'idx', 'ind', 'lof', 'lot', 
+ at generated_exts = ( 'aux', 'bcf', 'bcf'.$save_error_suffix, 'fls',
+                    'idx', 'ind', 'lof', 'lot',  
                     'out', 'run.xml', 'toc',
                     'blg', 'ilg', 'log',
                     'xdv'
@@ -576,7 +619,7 @@
 # Extensions of files to be deleted by -C, but aren't normally included
 # in the small clean up by -c.  Analogous to @generated_exts and $clean_ext,
 # except that pattern rules (with %R) aren't applied.
- at final_output_exts = ( 'dvi', 'dviF', 'ps', 'psF', 'pdf',
+ at final_output_exts = ( 'dvi', 'dviF', 'hnt', 'ps', 'psF', 'pdf',
                         'synctex', 'synctex.gz' );
 $clean_full_ext = "";
 
@@ -725,6 +768,7 @@
 #  in case the values of $latex and/or $pdflatex change after an option
 #  is added.
 @extra_dvilualatex_options = ();
+ at extra_hilatex_options = ();
 @extra_latex_options = ();
 @extra_pdflatex_options = ();
 @extra_lualatex_options = ();
@@ -819,7 +863,7 @@
                         # file(s) being made: priority 'ps', 'pdf', 'dvi'
 
 # Viewers.  These are system dependent, so default to none:
-$pdf_previewer = $ps_previewer  = $ps_previewer_landscape  = $dvi_previewer  = $dvi_previewer_landscape = "NONE";
+$pdf_previewer = $ps_previewer  = $ps_previewer_landscape  = $dvi_previewer  = $dvi_previewer_landscape = $hnt_previewer = "NONE";
 
 $dvi_update_signal = undef;
 $ps_update_signal = undef;
@@ -918,9 +962,15 @@
 
 # Latexmk does tests on whether a particular generated file, e.g., log or
 # fls, has been generated on a current run of a rule, especially *latex, or
-# is leftover from previous runs.  This is done by finding whether or not
-# the modification time of the file is at least as recent as the system
-# time at the start of the run.  A file with a modification time
+# is leftover from previous runs.  An expected file can fail to be
+# generated or generated in other than the expected place because of errors
+# or because of misconfiguration of latexmk.  There are also files (notably
+# bcf files) that are generated or not according to the current set of
+# packages, options, etc used by a document.
+#
+# The test for whether a file was generated on the current run of a rule is
+# that the modification time of the file is at least as recent as the
+# system time at the start of the run.  A file with a modification time
 # significantly less than the time at the start of the run is presumably
 # left over from a previous run and not generated in the currrent run.  (An
 # allowance is made in this comparison for the effects of granularity of
@@ -928,50 +978,63 @@
 # earlier than the system time at which the file was last modified.)
 #
 # But generated files may be on a file system hosted by a server computer
-# that is different than the computer running latexmk.  There may there may
-# be an offset between the time on the two computers; this can make it
-# appear that the generated files were made before the run. Most of the
-# time, this problem does not arise, since (a) typical usage of latexmk is
-# with a local file system, and (b) current-day computers and operating
-# systems have their time synchronized accurately with a time server.
+# that is different than the computer running latexmk.  There may be an
+# offset between the time on the two computers; this can make it
+# incorrectly appear that the generated files were made before the
+# run. Most of the time, this problem does not arise, since (a) typical
+# usage of latexmk is with a local file system, and (b) current-day
+# computers and operating systems have their time synchronized accurately
+# with a time server.  Difficulties are most acute with small documents
+# compiled on a fast computer, e.g., with sub-second compilation times.
 #
-# But when latexmk sees symptoms of an excessive offset, it measures the
-# offset between the filesystem time and the system time. This involves
-# writing a temporary file, getting its modification time, and deleting
-# it.   The following variables are used for this purpose.
-
+# When latexmk sees symptoms of an excessive offset, it measures the offset
+# between the filesystem time and the system time. This involves writing a
+# temporary file, getting its modification time, and deleting it.  Then
+# when testing for whether a file was made on the current run or not, an
+# allowance is then made for the measured time offset between the two
+# computers.
 #
-our $filetime_offset_measured = 0;       # Measurement not yet done.
-our $filetime_offset = 0;                # Filetime relative to system time.
-our $filetime_offset_report_threshold = 10; # Threshold beyond which filetime offsets
-                                     # are reported; large offsets indicate
-                                     # incorrect system time on at least one system.
-# The following variable gives the threshold for detection of left-over
-# file. It allows for (a) different granularity between system time and
-# filesystem time, (b) for some mismatch between file and system time.
-# Note that the making or not making of a file is controlled by the
-# state of the document being compiled and by latexmk's configuration.
-# So a file that is left over from a previous run and not overwritten
-# on the current run will have a file time at least many seconds less
-# than the current time, corresponding to the time scale for a human
-# run-edit-run cycle.
+# Note that typically an invocation of latexmk's processing of a document
+# occurs after some human action, e.g., editting a document or a
+# configuration file.  So a file that is left over from a previous run and
+# not overwritten on the current run will have a file time at least many
+# seconds less than the current time, corresponding to the time scale for a
+# human run-edit-run cycle.  So one does NOT have to particularly precise
+# about time differences.  
 #
-# Note that the making or not making of a file is controlled by the
-# state of the document being compiled and by latexmk's configuration.
-# So a file that is left over from a previous run and not overwritten
-# on the current run will have a file time at least many seconds less
-# than the current time, corresponding to the time scale for a human
-# run-edit-run cycle.  So one does NOT have to tune this variable
-# precisely. 
-#
-# Concerning granularity of file system 
-# FAT file system: 2 sec granularity. Others 1 sec or less.
-# Perl CORE's mtime in stat: 1 sec.
-# Perl CORE's time(): 1 sec.  Time::HiRes::time(): Much less than 1 sec.
+# Granularity of file system etc:
+# FAT file system: 2 sec granularity. Others 1 sec or often much less.
+#                  
+# Functions available to latexmk from Perl:
+#   mtime from Perl's CORE::stat: 1 sec, but 2 sec on FAT file system;
+#   mtime from Time_HiRes::stat: can be much less than 1 sec, if the
+#         combination of Perl, the OS and the file system support it.
+#   system time from CORE::time(): 1 sec;
+#   system time from Time::HiRes::time(): Much less than 1 sec.
 
+# Variables controlling the assessment of time offset between file system
+# and computer:
+
 our $filetime_causality_threshold = 5;
+    # This is the size of time differences below which latexmk doesn't
+    # worry. It allows for (a) different granularity between system time
+    # and filesystem time, (b) for a modest mismatch between file and system
+    # time. This allowance can be generous; it merely needs to be below the
+    # human time-scale for editing documents, reconfiguring (or
+    # misconfiguring) latexmk, etc.
 
+our $filetime_offset_measured = 0;   # Measurement not yet done.
+our $filetime_offset = 0;            # Filetime relative to system time.
+                                     # Assume zero to start (corresponding to 
+                                     # local file system).
+                                     # Will be updated if necessary.
+our $filetime_offset_report_threshold = 10; # Threshold beyond which filetime offsets
+                                     # are reported at end of run; large
+                                     # offsets indicate incorrect system
+                                     # time on at least one system. 
 
+
+
 ################################################################
 ################################################################
 
@@ -1008,6 +1071,7 @@
     $ps_previewer_landscape  = $ps_previewer;
     $dvi_previewer  = 'start %O %S';
     $dvi_previewer_landscape = "$dvi_previewer";
+    $hnt_previewer = 'start %O %S';
     # Viewer update methods: 
     #    0 => auto update: viewer watches file (e.g., gv)
     #    1 => manual update: user must do something: e.g., click on window.
@@ -1020,6 +1084,7 @@
     #         specified by the variables $dvi_update_command, 
     #         $ps_update_command, $pdf_update_command
     $dvi_update_method = 1;
+    $hnt_update_method = 1;
     $ps_update_method = 1;
     $pdf_update_method = 3; # acroread locks the pdf file
 }
@@ -1110,6 +1175,7 @@
     $ps_previewer_landscape  = $ps_previewer;
     $dvi_previewer  = "$start_NT %O %S";
     $dvi_previewer_landscape = $dvi_previewer;
+    $hnt_previewer  = "$start_NT %O %S";
     # Viewer update methods: 
     #    0 => auto update: viewer watches file (e.g., gv)
     #    1 => manual update: user must do something: e.g., click on window.
@@ -1119,6 +1185,7 @@
     #    3 => viewer can't update, because it locks the file and the file 
     #         cannot be updated.  (acroread under MSWIN)
     $dvi_update_method = 1;
+    $hnt_update_method = 1;
     $ps_update_method = 1;
     $pdf_update_method = 3; # acroread locks the pdf file
 }
@@ -1129,6 +1196,7 @@
     $pdf_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
     $ps_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
     $dvi_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
+    $hnt_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
     $ps_previewer_landscape  = $ps_previewer;
     $dvi_previewer_landscape = "$dvi_previewer";
 }
@@ -1253,6 +1321,8 @@
         #     does not deal with changed dvi files, as far as I can see.
         $pdf_previewer = 'open %S';
         $pdf_update_method = 1;     # manual
+        $hnt_previewer = 'open %S';
+        $hnt_update_method = 1;     # manual
         $dvi_previewer = $dvi_previewer_landscape = 'NONE';
         $ps_previewer = $ps_previewer_landscape = 'NONE';
         # Others
@@ -1310,11 +1380,6 @@
                         # This variable is obsolete, and only in here for
                         # backward compatibility.
 
-$fdb_ext = 'fdb_latexmk'; # Extension for the file for latexmk's
-                          # file-database
-                          # Make it long to avoid possible collisions.
-$fdb_ver = 4;             # Version number for kind of fdb_file.
-
 $jobname = '';          # Jobname: as with current tex, etc indicates
                         # basename of generated files.  Defined so
                         # that --jobname=STRING on latexmk's command
@@ -1347,7 +1412,10 @@
 $max_logfile_warnings = 7; # Max. # number of log file warnings to report
 $rc_report = 1;         # Whether to report on rc files read
 $aux_out_dir_report = 0; # Whether to report on aux_dir & out_dir after
-                         # initialization and normalization
+                         # initialization and normalization.
+                         # When $aux_out_dir_report is set to 2, latexmk
+                         # does no further processing after the report of
+                         # the aux and out directories.
 
 $kpsewhich_show = 0;    # Show calls to and results from kpsewhich
 $landscape_mode = 0;    # default to portrait mode
@@ -1380,7 +1448,7 @@
 
 
 # Which kinds of file do I have requests to make?
-our ($dvi_mode, $pdf_mode, $postscript_mode, $xdv_mode,
+our ($dvi_mode, $hnt_mode, $pdf_mode, $postscript_mode, $xdv_mode,
      $cleanup_mode, $force_mode, $go_mode, $landscape_mode, $preview_mode, $preview_continuous_mode, $printout_mode );
 # If no requests at all are made, then I will make dvi file
 # If particular requests are made then other files may also have to be
@@ -1390,6 +1458,7 @@
                         #  0: no request for dvi file
                         #  1: use latex to make dvi file
                         #  2: use dvilualatex to make dvi file
+$hnt_mode = 0;          # No hnt file requested
 $postscript_mode = 0;   # No postscript file requested
 $pdf_mode = 0;          # No pdf file requested to be made by pdflatex
                         # Possible values: 
@@ -1402,6 +1471,7 @@
 $xdv_mode = 0;          # No xdv file requested
 
 $view = 'default';      # Default preview is of highest of dvi, ps, pdf
+$min_sleep_time = 0.01; # Minimum non-zero sleep time
 $sleep_time = 2;        # time to sleep b/w checks for file changes in -pvc mode
 $banner = 0;            # Non-zero if we have a banner to insert
 $banner_scale = 220;    # Original default scale
@@ -1460,8 +1530,8 @@
 # Whether times computed are clock times (HiRes) since Epoch, or are
 # processing times for this process and child processes, as reported by
 # times().  Second is the best, if accurate.  But on MSWin32, times()
-# appears not to included subprocess times, so we use clock time instead.
-our $times_are_clock = ($^O eq "MSWin32" );
+# appears not to include subprocess times, so we use clock time instead.
+our $times_are_clock = ($^O eq "MSWin32" ? 1 : 0);
 
 
 # Data for 1 run and global (ending in '0'):
@@ -1830,6 +1900,8 @@
                     #      of the current rule.  That must not trigger
                     #      another run. 
                     #      The values for the hash are currently unused, only the keys.
+                    #      (Some packages that exhibit the
+                    #      rewrite-before-read behavior: pythontex, showexpl.)
                     #   4: {Hash source_rule -> last_pass }
                     #      This lists rules that are to be considered source
                     #      rules for the current rule, separately from the 
@@ -1861,7 +1933,17 @@
                     #      way is that the source_rule passes files (or
                     #      other information) to the current rule, and that
                     #      the current rule is to be rerun whenever the
-                    #      source_rule has been run. 
+                    #      source_rule has been run.
+                    #   5: {Hash keys -> values}
+                    #      Used for any extra information needed for a specific
+                    #      rule.  The first one I'll set up is for cached
+                    #      datasource information for the biber rule. The
+                    #      key is 'bcf_datasources', and the value is a
+                    #      reference to a hash mapping filename
+                    #      specifications in the bcf file to actual files
+                    #      (if found).
+                    #      The aim of this item is for flexible
+                    #      rule-dependent add-ons.
 
 %fdb_current = ();  # Hash of information for all files used.
                     # It maps filename to a reference to an array
@@ -2037,9 +2119,11 @@
       $dependents_list = 1; 
   }
   elsif (/^-diagnostics/) { $diagnostics = 1; }
+  elsif (/^-dir-report-only$/)    { $aux_out_dir_report = 2; }
   elsif (/^-dir-report$/)    { $aux_out_dir_report = 1; }
   elsif (/^-dir-report-$/)   { $aux_out_dir_report = 0; }
   elsif (/^-dvi$/)    { $dvi_mode = 1;
+                        $hnt_mode = 0;
                         if ( ($pdf_mode != 2) && ($pdf_mode != 3) ) {
                             # if pdf_mode is not via dvi or pdf, turn it off
                             $pdf_mode = 0;
@@ -2046,6 +2130,7 @@
                         }
                       }
   elsif (/^-dvilua$/) { $dvi_mode = 2;
+                        $hnt_mode = 0;
                         if ( ($pdf_mode != 2) && ($pdf_mode != 3) ) {
                             # if pdf_mode is not via dvi or pdf, turn it off
                             $pdf_mode = 0;
@@ -2068,6 +2153,9 @@
      $go_mode = 3;
   }
   elsif ( /^-h$/ || /^-help$/ )   { &print_help; exit;}
+  elsif (/^-hnt$/)    { $hnt_mode = 1;
+                        $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = $pdf_mode = 0;
+                      }
   elsif (/^-jobname=(.*)$/) {
       $jobname = $1;
   }
@@ -2077,6 +2165,7 @@
       $pdf_mode = 0;
       $postscript_mode = 0; 
       $dvi_mode = 1;
+      $hnt_mode = 0;
   }
   elsif (/^-latex=(.*)$/) {
       $latex = $1;
@@ -2094,7 +2183,7 @@
       { $silence_logfile_warnings = 1; }
   elsif ( /^-lualatex$/ || /^-pdflualatex$/ )      { 
       $pdf_mode = 4;
-      $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
+      $dvi_mode = $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
   }
 # See below for -lualatex=...
 # See above for -M
@@ -2130,6 +2219,7 @@
       my $format = $1;
       if ($format eq 'dvi' ) {
           $dvi_mode = 1;
+          $hnt_mode = 0;
           if ( ($pdf_mode != 2) && ($pdf_mode != 3) ) {
               # if pdf_mode is not via dvi or pdf, turn it off
               $pdf_mode = 0;
@@ -2137,7 +2227,7 @@
       }
       elsif ($format eq 'pdf' ) {
           $pdf_mode = 1;
-          $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0;
+          $dvi_mode = $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0;
       }
       else {
           warn "$My_name: unknown format in option '$_'\n";
@@ -2149,16 +2239,16 @@
                        $preview_mode = 0;  
                      }
   elsif (/^-p-$/)    { $printout_mode = 0; }
-  elsif (/^-pdf$/)   { $pdf_mode = 1; $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
+  elsif (/^-pdf$/)   { $pdf_mode = 1; $dvi_mode = $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
   elsif (/^-pdf-$/)  { $pdf_mode = 0; }
-  elsif (/^-pdfdvi$/){ $pdf_mode = 3; }
-  elsif (/^-pdflua$/){ $pdf_mode = 4; $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
-  elsif (/^-pdfps$/) { $pdf_mode = 2; }
-  elsif (/^-pdfxe$/) { $pdf_mode = 5; $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
+  elsif (/^-pdfdvi$/){ $pdf_mode = 3;  $hnt_mode = 0; }
+  elsif (/^-pdflua$/){ $pdf_mode = 4; $dvi_mode =  $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
+  elsif (/^-pdfps$/) { $pdf_mode = 2;  $hnt_mode = 0; }
+  elsif (/^-pdfxe$/) { $pdf_mode = 5; $dvi_mode =  $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; }
   elsif (/^-pdflatex$/) {
       $pdflatex = "pdflatex %O %S";
       $pdf_mode = 1;
-      $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
+      $dvi_mode =  $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
   }
   elsif (/^-pdflatex=(.*)$/) {
       $pdflatex = $1;
@@ -2246,6 +2336,7 @@
   elsif (/^-verbose$/)  { $silent = 0; }
   elsif (/^-view=default$/) { $view = "default";}
   elsif (/^-view=dvi$/)     { $view = "dvi";}
+  elsif (/^-view=hnt$/)     { $view = "hnt";}
   elsif (/^-view=none$/)    { $view = "none";}
   elsif (/^-view=ps$/)      { $view = "ps";}
   elsif (/^-view=pdf$/)     { $view = "pdf"; }
@@ -2254,7 +2345,7 @@
   elsif (/^-xdv-$/)   { $xdv_mode = 0; }
   elsif ( /^-xelatex$/ || /^-pdfxelatex$/ )      { 
       $pdf_mode = 5;
-      $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
+      $dvi_mode =  $hnt_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
   }
 # See above for -xelatex=...
   elsif (/^-e$/) {  
@@ -2318,6 +2409,7 @@
         )
   {
       push @extra_dvilualatex_options, $original;
+      push @extra_hilatex_options, $original;
       push @extra_latex_options, $original;
       push @extra_pdflatex_options, $original;
       push @extra_lualatex_options, $original;
@@ -2490,6 +2582,7 @@
 
 # Add common options
 add_option( $dvilualatex_default_switches, \$dvilualatex );
+add_option( $hilatex_default_switches,    \$hilatex );
 add_option( $latex_default_switches,    \$latex );
 add_option( $pdflatex_default_switches, \$pdflatex );
 add_option( $lualatex_default_switches, \$lualatex );
@@ -2496,6 +2589,7 @@
 add_option( $xelatex_default_switches,  \$xelatex );
 
 foreach (@extra_dvilualatex_options) { add_option( $_, \$dvilualatex ); }
+foreach (@extra_hilatex_options)    { add_option( $_, \$hilatex ); }
 foreach (@extra_latex_options)    { add_option( $_, \$latex ); }
 foreach (@extra_pdflatex_options) { add_option( $_, \$pdflatex ); }
 foreach (@extra_lualatex_options) { add_option( $_, \$lualatex ); }
@@ -2527,6 +2621,7 @@
 
 if ( $silent ) { 
     add_option( "$dvilualatex_silent_switch", \$dvilualatex );
+    add_option( "$hilatex_silent_switch", \$hilatex );
     add_option( "$latex_silent_switch", \$latex );
     add_option( "$pdflatex_silent_switch", \$pdflatex );
     add_option( "$lualatex_silent_switch", \$lualatex );
@@ -2540,7 +2635,7 @@
 }
 
 if ( $recorder ) {
-    add_option( "-recorder", \$dvilualatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
+    add_option( "-recorder", \$dvilualatex, \$hilatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
 }
 
 # If the output and/or aux directories are specified, fix the *latex
@@ -2552,20 +2647,21 @@
 if ( $jobname ne '' ) {
     # Since $jobname may include placeholder(s), put %R placeholder
     # in option, and let %R be substituted by actual jobname at runtime.
-    add_option( "--jobname=%R", \$dvilualatex, \$latex, \$lualatex, \$pdflatex, \$xelatex );
+    add_option( "--jobname=%R", \$dvilualatex, \$hilatex, \$latex, \$lualatex, \$pdflatex, \$xelatex );
 }
 
 # Make sure we make the kind of file we want to view:
 if ( ($view eq 'dvi') && ($dvi_mode == 0) ) { $dvi_mode = 1; }
-if ($view eq 'ps') { $postscript_mode = 1; }
+if ( ($view eq 'hnt') && ($hnt_mode == 0) ) { $hnt_mode = 1; }
+if ( $view eq 'ps' ) { $postscript_mode = 1; }
 if ( ($view eq 'pdf') && ($pdf_mode == 0) ) { 
     $pdf_mode = 1; 
 }
 
 # Make sure that we make something if all requests are turned off
-unless ( $dvi_mode || $pdf_mode || $postscript_mode || $printout_mode || $xdv_mode )  {
+unless ( $dvi_mode ||  $hnt_mode || $pdf_mode || $postscript_mode || $printout_mode || $xdv_mode )  {
     print "No specific requests made, so using default for $invoked_name.\n";
-    ($dvi_mode, $postscript_mode, $pdf_mode, $xdv_mode )
+    ($dvi_mode, $hnt_mode, $postscript_mode, $pdf_mode, $xdv_mode )
         = @{$compilation_defaults{$invoked_name}};    
 }
 
@@ -2576,8 +2672,9 @@
     #    that was requested by user.  
     # No explicit request means view dvi.
     $view = "dvi";
+    if ( $hnt_mode ) { $view = "hnt"; }
+    if ( $pdf_mode ) { $view = "pdf"; }
     if ( $postscript_mode ) { $view = "ps"; }
-    if ( $pdf_mode ) { $view = "pdf"; }
 }
 
 # Determine requests.
@@ -2648,7 +2745,7 @@
 if ( $preview_continuous_mode || $preview_mode ) { $one_time{'view'} = 1; }
 
 $can_switch = $allow_switch;
-if ( $dvi_mode || $postscript_mode || $xdv_mode
+if ( $dvi_mode || $hnt_mode || $postscript_mode || $xdv_mode
      || ( $printout_mode && ($print_type eq 'ps') || ($print_type eq 'dvi') )
      || ( ($preview_mode || $preview_continuous_mode)  &&  ( ($view eq 'ps') || ($view eq 'dvi') ) )
    ) {
@@ -2669,17 +2766,15 @@
     add_option( "$dvips_pdf_switch", \$dvips );
 }
 
-# Note sleep has granularity of 1 second.
-# Sleep periods 0 < $sleep_time < 1 give zero delay,
-#    which is probably not what the user intended.
-# Sleep periods less than zero give infinite delay
+# Note that 100% CPU usage may not be terribly bad with a multi-core CPU,
+# and an SSD, especially when the OS caches file metadata reliably.
 if ( $sleep_time == 0 ) {
      warn "$My_name: sleep_time was configured to zero.\n",
     "    Do you really want to do this?  It can give 100% CPU usage.\n";
 }
-elsif ( $sleep_time < 1 ) {
-     warn "$My_name: Correcting nonzero sleep_time of less than 1 sec to 1 sec.\n";
-     $sleep_time = 1;
+elsif ( $sleep_time < $min_sleep_time ) {
+     warn "$My_name: Correcting nonzero sleep_time of less than $min_sleep_time sec to $min_sleep_time sec.\n";
+     $sleep_time = $min_sleep_time;
 }
 
 
@@ -2779,6 +2874,7 @@
     local $out_dir = $out_dir;
 
     local $dvilualatex = $dvilualatex;
+    local $hilatex = $hilatex;
     local $latex = $latex;
     local $lualatex = $lualatex;
     local $pdflatex = $pdflatex;
@@ -2992,8 +3088,12 @@
     }
     if ( !$force_mode ) {
         warn
-            "$My_name: If appropriate, the -f option can be used to get latexmk\n",
-            "  to try to force complete processing.\n";
+            "$My_name: Sometimes, the -f option can be used to get latexmk\n",
+            "  to try to force complete processing.\n",
+            "  But normally, you will need to correct the file(s) that caused the\n",
+            "  error, and then rerun latexmk.\n",
+            "  In some cases, it is best to clean out generated files before rerunning\n",
+            "  latexmk after you've corrected the files.\n";
     }
     exit 12;
 }
@@ -3028,7 +3128,7 @@
     # Initialize timing for one run.
     @timings1 = ();
     $processing_time1 = processing_time();    
-    $clock1 = Time::HiRes::time();
+    $clock1 = time();
 }
 
 ############################
@@ -3055,7 +3155,7 @@
         ", of which invoked processes = $invoked_time, other = ",
         sprintf( '%.2f', $processing_time-$invoked_time ), ".\n";
     print "Elapsed clock time = ",
-          sprintf( '%.2f', Time::HiRes::time()-$clock1 ), ".\n";
+          sprintf( '%.2f', time()-$clock1 ), ".\n";
     print "Number of rules run = ", 1+$#timings1, "\n";
 }
 
@@ -3315,6 +3415,9 @@
         print "$My_name: Cwd: '", good_cwd(), "'\n";
         print "$My_name: Normalized aux dir and out dir: '$aux_dir', '$out_dir'\n";
         print "$My_name: and combining forms: '$aux_dir1', '$out_dir1'\n";
+        if ($aux_out_dir_report == 2) {
+            exit 0;
+        }
     }
 
 }  #END normalize_aux_out_ETC
@@ -3338,13 +3441,13 @@
             # the relevant files (.pdf, .ps, .dvi, .xdv, .fls to the output
             # directory after running *latex.
             add_option( "-output-directory=%V",
-                        \$dvilualatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
+                        \$dvilualatex, \$hilatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
         }
     }
     else {
         if ( $out_dir && ($out_dir ne '.') ) {
             add_option( "-output-directory=%W",
-                        \$dvilualatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
+                        \$dvilualatex, \$hilatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
         }
         if ( $aux_dir ne $out_dir ) {
             # N.B. If $aux_dir and $out_dir are the same, then the
@@ -3351,7 +3454,7 @@
             # -output-directory option is sufficient, especially because
             # the -aux-directory exists only in MiKTeX, not in TeXLive.
             add_option( "-aux-directory=%V",
-                            \$dvilualatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
+                            \$dvilualatex, \$hilatex, \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
         }
     }
 } #END set_aux_out_options
@@ -3360,7 +3463,7 @@
 
 sub fix_cmds {
    # If commands do not have placeholders for %S etc, put them in
-    foreach ($latex, $lualatex, $pdflatex, $xelatex, $lpr, $lpr_dvi, $lpr_pdf,
+    foreach ($hilatex, $latex, $lualatex, $pdflatex, $xelatex, $lpr, $lpr_dvi, $lpr_pdf,
              $pdf_previewer, $ps_previewer, $ps_previewer_landscape,
              $dvi_previewer, $dvi_previewer_landscape,
              $kpsewhich
@@ -3414,10 +3517,13 @@
     #   (The rule database may get overridden/extended after the fdb_latexmk
     #    file is read, and after running commands to adjust to dependencies
     #    determined from document.
+
     %rule_db = ();
     %target_rules = ();
     %target_files = ();
-
+    %actives = ();
+    %from_rules = ();
+    
     local %rule_list = ();
     &rdb_set_rule_templates;
 
@@ -3474,10 +3580,12 @@
     elsif    ($pdf_mode == 4) { $current_primary = 'lualatex'; }
     elsif    ($pdf_mode == 5) { rdb_activate( 'xdvipdfmx' ); $current_primary = 'xelatex';  }
     if ($dvi_mode == 2) { $current_primary = 'dvilualatex'; }
+    if ($hnt_mode) { $current_primary = 'hilatex'; }
 
     rdb_activate( $current_primary );
     
     if ($dvi_mode) { $target_files{$dvi_final} = 1; }
+    if ($hnt_mode) { $target_files{$hnt_final} = 1; }
     if ($postscript_mode) { $target_files{$ps_final} = 1; }
     if ($pdf_mode) { $target_files{$pdf_final} = 1; }
     if ($xdv_mode) { $target_files{$xdv_final} = 1; }
@@ -3518,7 +3626,7 @@
     my $viewer_update_signal = undef;
     my $viewer_update_command = undef;
 
-    if ( ($view eq 'dvi') || ($view eq 'pdf') || ($view eq 'ps') ) { 
+    if ( ($view eq 'dvi') || ($view eq 'hnt') || ($view eq 'pdf') || ($view eq 'ps') ) { 
         $view_file = ${$view.'_final'};
         $viewer = ${$view.'_previewer'};
         $viewer_update_method = ${$view.'_update_method'};
@@ -3532,6 +3640,7 @@
 
     %rule_list = (
         'dvilualatex'  => [ 'primary',  "$dvilualatex",  '',      "%T",        $dvi_name,  "%R",   1, [$aux_main, $log_name], [$aux_main] ],
+        'hilatex'   => [ 'primary',  "$hilatex",     '',            "%T",      $hnt_name,  "%R",   1, [$aux_main, $log_name], [$aux_main] ],
         'latex'     => [ 'primary',  "$latex",     '',            "%T",        $dvi_name,  "%R",   1, [$aux_main, $log_name], [$aux_main] ],
         'lualatex'  => [ 'primary',  "$lualatex",  '',            "%T",        $pdf_name,  "%R",   1, [$aux_main, $log_name], [$aux_main] ],
         'pdflatex'  => [ 'primary',  "$pdflatex",  '',            "%T",        $pdf_name,  "%R",   1, [$aux_main, $log_name], [$aux_main] ],
@@ -3770,7 +3879,7 @@
     my @files_to_delete = ();
     @dirs = ($aux_dir1);
     if ($out_dir1 ne $aux_dir1) { push @dirs, $out_dir1; }
-    
+
     push @files_to_delete, &get_small_cleanup;
     if ($kind == 1) {
         foreach my $dir1 (@dirs) {
@@ -3785,6 +3894,8 @@
     # sort deletes contents of directory before attempting to delete the
     # directory:
     unlink_or_move( reverse sort @files_to_delete );
+
+
     
     # If the fdb file (or log, fls and/or aux files) exist, it/they will have
     #   been used to make a changed rule database.  But a cleanup implies
@@ -4188,7 +4299,7 @@
     
     $quell_uptodate_msgs = 1;
 
-    if ( ($view eq 'dvi') || ($view eq 'pdf') || ($view eq 'ps') ) { 
+    if ( ($view eq 'dvi') || ($view eq 'hnt') || ($view eq 'pdf') || ($view eq 'ps') ) { 
         print "Viewing $view\n";
     }
     elsif ( $view eq 'none' ) {
@@ -4579,7 +4690,7 @@
 sub traceback {
     # Call: traceback() 
     # or traceback( message  )
-    # NOT &traceback!!!
+    # NOT &traceback, normally!!!
     my $msg = shift;
     if ($msg) { warn "$msg\n"; }
     warn "Traceback:\n";
@@ -4676,7 +4787,10 @@
   "                    and turn on showing of dependency list\n",
   "   -dF <filter> - Filter to apply to dvi file\n",
   "   -dir-report  - Before processing a tex file, report aux and out dir settings\n",
-  "   -dir-report- - Before processing a tex file, do not report aux and out dir settings\n",
+  "   -dir-report- - Before processing a tex file, do not report aux and out dir\n",
+  "                  settings\n",
+  "   -dir-report-only - Report aux and out dir settings after initialization\n",
+  "                  and previous option processing, and then stop\n", 
   "   -dvi    - generate dvi by latex\n",
   "   -dvilua - generate dvi by dvilualatex\n",
   "   -dvi-   - turn off required dvi\n",
@@ -4695,6 +4809,7 @@
   "   -g     - process at least one run of all rules\n",
   "   -g-    - Turn off -g and -gg\n",
   "   -h     - print help\n",
+  "   -hnt   - generate hnt by hilatex\n",
   "   -help - print help\n",
   "   -indexfudge or -makeindexfudge - change directory to output directory when running makeindex\n",
   "   -indexfudge- or -makeindexfudge- - don't change directory when running makeindex\n",
@@ -4795,6 +4910,7 @@
   "   -version      - display program version\n",
   "   -view=default - viewer is default (dvi, ps, pdf)\n",
   "   -view=dvi     - viewer is for dvi\n",
+  "   -view=hnt     - viewer is for hnt\n",
   "   -view=none    - no viewer is used\n",
   "   -view=ps      - viewer is for ps\n",
   "   -view=pdf     - viewer is for pdf\n",
@@ -4823,6 +4939,7 @@
 
 sub print_commands {
   print "Commands used by $my_name:\n",
+       "   To run hilatex, I use \"$hilatex\"\n",
        "   To run latex, I use \"$latex\"\n",
        "   To run pdflatex, I use \"$pdflatex\"\n",
        "   To run dvilualatex, I use \"$dvilualatex\"\n",
@@ -4844,6 +4961,7 @@
        "   To view a dvi file, I use \"$dvi_previewer\"\n",
        "   To view a dvi file in landscape format, ",
             "I use \"$dvi_previewer_landscape\"\n",
+       "   To view an hnt file, I use \"$hnt_previewer\"\n",
        "   To print a ps file, I use \"$lpr\"\n",
        "   To print a dvi file, I use \"$lpr_dvi\"\n",
        "   To print a pdf file, I use \"$lpr_pdf\"\n",
@@ -4865,44 +4983,147 @@
 } #END view_file_via_temporary
 
 #************************************************************
-#### Tex-related utilities
 
+#### Tex-related utilities #######################
+
 #**************************************************
 
+sub after_biber {
+    # Analyze results of biber run, take appropriate actions on dependencies.
+    # Assumes rule context for biber
+    # Call
+    #     after_biber( \$return ),
+    # where $return is code returned by running of biber (maybe modified by
+    # caller, which is normally rdb_run1).  Can adjust its value to provoke
+    # better diagnosis of results of run to caller.
+    use strict;
+    # Rule variables used:
+    our ( $rule, $Pbase, $Pdest, $PHextra, $Plast_message, $Plast_result,
+          $Pout_of_date, $Psource, $PHsource );
+    # Global variables used
+    our ( %current_primaries, $diagnostics, $My_name, $save_error_suffix,
+          $silent );
+    my $Preturn = $_[0];
+    my @biber_datasource = ( );
+    my @biber_remote = ();
+    my @warnings = ();
+    my $add_bcf_datasources = 0;
+
+    my $retcode = check_biber_log( $$Pbase, \@biber_datasource, \@biber_remote );
+    if ($$Preturn) {
+        print
+            "$My_name: Error return from '$rule'\n",
+            "I will add to its source list, anything cached from analysis of bcf file.\n";
+        $add_bcf_datasources = 1;
+    }
+    if ( ! -e $$Psource ) {
+        $retcode = 10;
+        if (!$silent) {
+            print "Source '$$Psource' for '$rule' doesn't exist,\n",
+                "so I'll force *latex to run to try and make it.\n";
+        }
+        rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
+    }
+    rdb_set_source_here( @biber_datasource, $$Psource );
+   
+    if ($retcode == 6) {
+        # Missing control file.  Need to remake it (if possible)
+        # Don't treat missing bbl file as error.
+        print "$My_name: bibtex control file missing.  Since that can\n",
+              "   be recreated, I'll try to do so.\n";
+        $$Preturn = -2;
+        rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 4) {
+        $$Plast_result = 2;
+        $$Plast_message = "Could not find all biber source files for '$$Pbase'";
+        push @warnings, "Not all biber source files found for '$$Pbase'";
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 3) {
+        $$Plast_result = 2;
+        $$Plast_message = "Could not open biber log file for '$$Pbase'";
+        $add_bcf_datasources = 1;
+        push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 2) {
+        $$Plast_message = "Biber errors: See file '$$Pbase.blg'";
+        push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 1) {
+        push @warnings, "Biber warnings for '$$Pbase'";
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 11) {
+        $$Plast_message = "Biber: malformed bcf file '$$Psource'";
+        push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
+        my $save_bcf = "$$Psource$save_error_suffix";
+        warn "$My_name: biber found malformed bcf file '$$Psource'.\n",
+             "  I'll delete any bbl file '$$Pdest', and\n",
+             "  rename the bcf file to '$save_bcf'\n";
+        # Malformed bcf file is a downstream consequence, normally,
+        # of an error in *latex run. 
+        # Current version of biber deletes bbl file.
+        # Older versions (pre-2016) made an incorrect bbl file, which
+        # tended to cause latex errors, and give a self-perpetuating error.
+        # Ensure the bbl file doesn't exist.
+        # I could delete the bcf file,  since it is not usable. But in
+        # non-trivial cases, the user may want to examine the file, so
+        # I'll rename it instead.  (Trivial common case: *latex exited
+        # early because of an error, and the resulting bcf file is
+        # incomplete.  I should have deleted the file after the error
+        # run of *latex, since there is then no value in the bcf for
+        # diagnostics.)
+        unlink $$Pdest;
+        rename $$Psource, $save_bcf;
+    }
+    if ($add_bcf_datasources) {
+        my $PA_bcf_datasources =  $$PHextra{bcf_datasources};
+        if ( ref($PA_bcf_datasources) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
+            rdb_ensure_files_here( @$PA_bcf_datasources );
+        }
+    }
+}  #END after_biber
+
+#**************************************************
+
 sub check_biber_log {
     # Check for biber warnings, and report source files.
-    # Usage: check_biber_log( base_of_biber_run, \@biber_datasource )
+    # Usage: check_biber_log( base_of_biber_run, \@datasource, \@remote )
+    # I use a hash for the collection of significant warnings.  It maps
+    #   categories of warnings to array references (or c.) to allow
+    #   flexibility in what I report.
+    # (Return codes compatible with check_bibtex_log, but only used when applicable.)
     # return 0: OK;
     #        1: biber warnings;
     #        2: biber errors;
     #        3: could not open .blg file;
     #        4: failed to find one or more source files, except for bibfile;
-    #        5: failed to find bib file;
-    #        6: missing file, one of which is control file
-    #       10: only error is missing \citation commands.
+    #        6: missing file;
     #       11: Malformed bcf file (normally due to error in pdflatex run)
-    # Side effect: add source files @biber_datasource
-    # N.B. @biber_datasource is already initialized by caller.
+    # Side effect: add source files to @datasource
+    # N.B. @datasource is already initialized by caller.
     #   So do **not** initialize it here.
-    my $base = $_[0];
-    my $Pbiber_datasource = $_[1];
+    use strict;
+    # Global variables used
+    our ($My_name, $silent);
+    
+    my ($base, $PAdatasource, $PAremote ) = @_;
     my $blg_name = "$base.blg";
     open( my $blg_file, "<", $blg_name )
       or return 3;
     my $have_warning = 0;
     my $have_error = 0;
-    my $missing_citations = 0;
     my $no_citations = 0;
     my $error_count = 0;            # From my counting of error messages
     my $warning_count = 0;          # From my counting of warning messages
     # The next two occur only from biber
-    my $bibers_error_count = 0;     # From biber's counting of errors
-    my $bibers_warning_count = 0;   # From biber's counting of warnings
+    my $biber_error_count = 0;     # From biber's counting of errors
+    my $biber_warning_count = 0;   # From biber's counting of warnings
     my $not_found_count = 0;
     my $control_file_missing = 0;
     my $control_file_malformed = 0;
-    my %remote = ();                # List of extensions of remote files
     my @not_found = ();             # Files, normally .bib files, not found.
+    my @missing_citations = ();
+    
     while (<$blg_file>) {
         $_ = utf8_to_mine($_);
         if (/> WARN /) { 
@@ -4910,7 +5131,9 @@
             $have_warning = 1;
             $warning_count ++;
         }
-        elsif (/> (FATAL|ERROR) /) {
+        # Note that WARN is not exclusive with some of the following,
+        # so we can't use elsif here
+        if (/> (FATAL|ERROR) /) {
             print "Biber error: $_"; 
             if ( /> (FATAL|ERROR) - Cannot find file '([^']+)'/    #'
                  || /> (FATAL|ERROR) - Cannot find '([^']+)'/ ) {  #'
@@ -4930,16 +5153,11 @@
             else {
                 $have_error = 1;
                 $error_count ++;
-                if ( /> (FATAL|ERROR) - The file '[^']+' does not contain any citations!/ ) { #'
-                    $no_citations++;
-                }
             }
         }
         elsif ( /> INFO - Data source '([^']*)' is a remote BibTeX data source - fetching/
             ){
-            my $spec = $1;
-            my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $spec );
-            $remote{$ext} = 1;
+            push @$PAremote, $1;
         }
         elsif ( /> INFO - Found .* '([^']+)'\s*$/
                 || /> INFO - Found '([^']+)'\s*$/
@@ -4946,10 +5164,11 @@
                 || /> INFO - Reading '([^']+)'\s*$/
                 || /> INFO - Processing .* file '([^']+)'.*$/
                 || /> INFO - Config file is '([^']+)'.*$/
+                || /> WARN - Data source .*'([^']+)'.*$/
             ) {
             my $file = $1;
             my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $file );
-            if ($remote{$ext} && ( $base =~ /^biber_remote_data_source/ ) && 1) {
+            if ( $base =~ /^biber_remote_data_source/ ) {
                 # Ignore the file, which appears to be a temporary local copy
                 # of a remote file. Treating the file as a source file will
                 # be misleading, since it will normally have been deleted by
@@ -4963,33 +5182,32 @@
                 # copy of a remote file).
                 # So I have included a condition above that the file must
                 # exist to be included in the source-file list.
-                push @$Pbiber_datasource, $file;
+                push @$PAdatasource, $file;
             }
         }
+        elsif ( /> WARN - I didn't find a database entry for '([^']+)'/ ) {
+            push @missing_citations, $1;
+        }
         elsif ( /> INFO - WARNINGS: ([\d]+)\s*$/ ) {
-            $bibers_warning_count = $1;
+            $biber_warning_count = $1;
         }
         elsif ( /> INFO - ERRORS: ([\d]+)\s*$/ ) {
-            $bibers_error_count = $1;
+            $biber_error_count = $1;
         }
     }
     close $blg_file;
-    @$Pbiber_datasource = uniqs( @$Pbiber_datasource );
+    @$PAdatasource = uniqs( @$PAdatasource );
+    @$PAremote = uniqs( @$PAremote );
     @not_found = uniqs( @not_found );
-    push @$Pbiber_datasource, @not_found;
+    push @$PAdatasource, @not_found;
 
     if ($control_file_malformed){return 11;} 
 
-    if ( ($#not_found < 0) && ($#$Pbiber_datasource >= 0) ) {
-        print "$My_name: Found biber source file(s) [@$Pbiber_datasource]\n"
+    if ( ($#not_found < 0) && ($#$PAdatasource >= 0) ) {
+        print "$My_name: Found biber source file(s) [",
+              join( ', ', @$PAdatasource), "]\n"
         unless $silent;
     }
-    elsif ( ($#not_found == 0) && ($not_found[0] =~ /\.bib$/) ) {
-        # Special treatment if sole missing file is bib file
-        # I don't want to treat that as an error
-        print "$My_name: Biber did't find bib file [$not_found[0]]\n";
-        return 5;
-    }
     else {
         warn "$My_name: Failed to find one or more biber source files:\n";
         foreach (@not_found) { warn "    '$_'\n"; }
@@ -5002,13 +5220,9 @@
         }
         return 4;
     }
-#    print "$My_name: #Biber errors = $error_count, warning messages = $warning_count,\n  ",
-#          "missing citation messages = $missing_citations, no_citations = $no_citations\n";
-    if ( ! $have_error && $no_citations ) {
-        # If the only errors are missing citations, or lack of citations, that should
-        # count as a warning.
-        # HOWEVER: biber doesn't generate a new bbl.  So it is an error condition.
-        return 10;
+    if ( @missing_citations ) {
+        @missing_citations = uniqs( @missing_citations );
+        show_array( "$My_name: Biber reported missing citations", @missing_citations );
     }
     if ($have_error) {return 2;}
     if ($have_warning) {return 1;}
@@ -5018,6 +5232,12 @@
 #**************************************************
 
 sub run_bibtex {
+    use strict;
+    # Rule variables used
+    our ( $rule, $Pdest, $Psource );
+    # Global variables used
+    our ( $bibtex_fudge, $My_name, $silent );
+
     my $return = 999;
     # Prevent changes we make to environment becoming global:
     local %ENV = %ENV;
@@ -5067,44 +5287,77 @@
 
 #**************************************************
 
-sub run_makeindex {
-    my $return = 999;
-    my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $$Psource );
+sub after_bibtex {
+    # Analyze results of bibtex run, take appropriate actions on dependencies.
+    # Assumes rule context for bibtex
+    # Call
+    #     after_bibtex( \$return ),
+    # where $return is code returned by running of bibtex (maybe modified by
+    # caller, which is normally rdb_run1).  Can adjust its value to provoke
+    # better diagnosis of results of run to caller.
 
-    # Define source and dest base to include extension, no path.
-    my $source_base = $base.$ext;
-    my $dest_base = basename( $$Pdest );
-    if ( $path && $makeindex_fudge ) {
-        my $cwd = good_cwd();
-        pushd( $path );
+    use strict;
+    # Rule variables used
+    our ( $rule, $Pbase, $Pdest, $Plast_message, $Plast_result,
+          $Pout_of_date, $Psource );
+    # Global variables used
+    our ( %current_primaries, $diagnostics, $failure, $My_name, $silent );
+
+    my $Preturn = $_[0];
+    my $retcode = check_bibtex_log($$Pbase);
+    my @warnings = ();
+
+    if ( ! -e $$Psource ) {
+        $retcode = 10;
         if (!$silent) {
-            print "$My_name: Change directory to '$path'.\n";
+            print "Source '$$Psource' for '$rule' doesn't exist,\n",
+                "so I'll force *latex to run to try and make it.\n";
         }
-        # Override standard substitutions for source, dest, and base names in
-        # default external command:
-        $return = &Run_subst( undef, undef, '', $source_base, $dest_base, $base );
-        popd();
-        if (!$silent) {
-            print "$My_name: Change directory back to '$cwd'\n";
+        rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
+    }
+    if ($retcode == 3) {
+        $$Plast_result = 2;
+        $$Plast_message = "Could not open bibtex log file for '$$Pbase'";
+        push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 2) {
+        $$Plast_message = "Bibtex errors: See file '$$Pbase.blg'";
+        $failure = 1;
+        push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 1) {
+        push @warnings, "Bibtex warnings for '$$Pbase'";
+    }
+    elsif ($retcode == 10) {
+        push @warnings, "Bibtex found no citations for '$$Pbase',\n",
+                        "    or had missing aux or bib file(s)\n";
+        if (! -e $$Pdest ) {
+            print "$My_name: Bibtex did not produce '$$Pdest'.  But that\n",
+                 "     was because of missing files, so I will continue.\n";
+            $$Preturn = -2;
         }
+        else {
+            $$Preturn = 0;
+        }
     }
-    else {
-        # Use default substitutions etc for rule:
-        $return = Run_subst();
-    }
-    return $return;
-} #END run_makeindex
-
+} #END after_bibtex
+    
 #**************************************************
 
 sub check_bibtex_log {
-    # Check for bibtex warnings:
+    # Check for bibtex warnings and errors:
     # Usage: check_bibtex_log( base_of_bibtex_run )
+    # (Return codes compatible with check_biber_log, but only used when applicable.)
     # return 0: OK, 1: bibtex warnings, 2: bibtex errors, 
     #        3: could not open .blg file.
     #       10: only error is missing \citation commands or a missing aux file
     #           (which would normally be corrected after a later run of 
     #           *latex).
+    use strict;
+    # Variable used in context of a rule action
+    our ( $Pout_of_date );
+    # Global variables used
+    our ( %current_primaries, $My_name );
 
     my $base = $_[0];
     my $blg_name = "$base.blg";
@@ -5112,8 +5365,9 @@
       or return 3;
     my $have_warning = 0;
     my $have_error = 0;
-    my $missing_citations = 0;
+    my $no_citations = 0;
     my @missing_aux = ();
+    my @missing_bib = ();
     my $error_count = 0;
     while (<$blg_file>) {
         $_ = utf8_to_mine($_);
@@ -5125,8 +5379,11 @@
             push @missing_aux, $1;
         }
         elsif ( /^I found no \\citation commands---while reading file/ ) {
-            $missing_citations++;
+            $no_citations++;
         }
+        elsif ( /^I couldn't open database file (.*\.bib)/ ) {
+            push @missing_bib, $1;
+        }
         elsif (/There (were|was) (\d+) error message/) {
             $error_count = $2;
             #print "Bibtex error: count=$error_count $_"; 
@@ -5134,7 +5391,7 @@
         }
     }
     close $blg_file;
-    my $missing = $missing_citations + $#missing_aux + 1;
+    my $weak_errors = $no_citations + $#missing_aux + 1 + $#missing_bib + 1;
     if ( $#missing_aux > -1 ) {
         # Need to make the missing files.
         print "$My_name: One or more aux files is missing for bibtex. I'll try\n",
@@ -5142,17 +5399,21 @@
         rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
     }
     #print "Bibtex errors = $error_count, missing aux files and citations = $missing\n";
-    if ($have_error && ($error_count <= $missing )
-        && ($missing > 0) ) {
-        # If the only error is a missing citation line, that should only
-        # count as a warning.
-        # Also a missing aux file should be innocuous; it will be created on
-        # next run of *latex.  ?? HAVE I HANDLED THAT CORRECTLY?
+    if ($have_error && ($error_count <= $weak_errors )
+        && ($weak_errors > 0) ) {
+        # If the only error(s), are:
+        #   lack of any \citation commands in aux file
+        #   missing aux file(s)
+        #   missing bib file(s)
+        # that should count as a warning.
+        # Note that a missing aux file is generally innocuous, that's
+        # commonly because the document has an include of a file in a
+        # subdirectory, an aux dir is in use, and the sub directory hasn't
+        # yet been made in the aux dir.  That situation should be handled
+        # by latexmk by creating the directory and rerunning *latex.
         # But have to deal with the problem that bibtex gives a non-zero 
-        # exit code.  So leave things as they are so that the user gets
-        # a better diagnostic ??????????????????????????
-#        $have_error = 0;
-#        $have_warning = 1;
+        # exit code.
+        # Let caller know:
         return 10;
     }
     if ($have_error) {return 2;}
@@ -5162,6 +5423,36 @@
 
 #**************************************************
 
+sub run_makeindex {
+    my $return = 999;
+    my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $$Psource );
+
+    # Define source and dest base to include extension, no path.
+    my $source_base = $base.$ext;
+    my $dest_base = basename( $$Pdest );
+    if ( $path && $makeindex_fudge ) {
+        my $cwd = good_cwd();
+        pushd( $path );
+        if (!$silent) {
+            print "$My_name: Change directory to '$path'.\n";
+        }
+        # Override standard substitutions for source, dest, and base names in
+        # default external command:
+        $return = &Run_subst( undef, undef, '', $source_base, $dest_base, $base );
+        popd();
+        if (!$silent) {
+            print "$My_name: Change directory back to '$cwd'\n";
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        # Use default substitutions etc for rule:
+        $return = Run_subst();
+    }
+    return $return;
+} #END run_makeindex
+
+#**************************************************
+
 sub normalize_force_directory {
     #  Usage, normalize_force_directory( dir, filename )
     #  Filename is assumed to be relative to dir (terminated with directory separator).
@@ -5214,6 +5505,7 @@
     }
     $dvi_name  = "%Z%R.dvi";
     $dviF_name = "%Z%R.dviF";
+    $hnt_name  = "%Z%R.hnt";
     $ps_name   = "%Z%R.ps";
     $psF_name  = "%Z%R.psF";
     $pdf_name  = "%Z%R.pdf";
@@ -5224,7 +5516,7 @@
     $xdv_name   = "%Y%R.xdv";
 
     foreach ( $aux_main, $log_name, $fdb_name, $fls_name, $fls_name_alt,
-              $dvi_name, $ps_name, $pdf_name, $xdv_name, $dviF_name, $psF_name ) {
+              $dvi_name, $hnt_name, $ps_name, $pdf_name, $xdv_name, $dviF_name, $psF_name ) {
         s/%R/$root_filename/g;
         s/%Y/$aux_dir1/;
         s/%Z/$out_dir1/;
@@ -5231,6 +5523,7 @@
     }
 
     $dvi_final = $dvi_name;
+    $hnt_final = $hnt_name;
     $ps_final  = $ps_name;
     $pdf_final = $pdf_name;
     $xdv_final = $xdv_name;
@@ -5257,12 +5550,11 @@
     # *latex always produces a log file unless there is a bad error, so
     # this gives the best chance of diagnosing errors.
     my $where_log = &find_set_log;
-
     if ( $emulate_aux && ($aux_dir ne $out_dir) ) {
         # Move output files from aux_dir to out_dir
         # Move fls file also, if the configuration is for fls in out_dir.
         # Omit 'xdv', that goes to aux_dir (as with MiKTeX). It's not final output.
-        foreach my $ext ( 'fls', 'dvi', 'pdf', 'ps', 'synctex', 'synctex.gz' ) {
+        foreach my $ext ( 'fls', 'dvi', 'hnt', 'pdf', 'ps', 'synctex', 'synctex.gz' ) {
             if ( ($ext eq 'fls') && ! $fls_uses_out_dir ) {next;}
             my $from =  "$aux_dir1$root_filename.$ext";
             my $to = "$out_dir1$root_filename.$ext" ;
@@ -5621,7 +5913,7 @@
                                  #    data structure until block is ended.)
     my %new_conversions = ();
     my $log_silent = ($silent ||  $silence_logfile_warnings);
-    @warning_list = ();
+    @warning_list = ();   # Warnings about undefined citations and the like
 
 LINE:
     for (@$PAlines) {
@@ -5712,7 +6004,7 @@
             push @multiply_defined_references, $2;
             $mult_defined++;
         }
-        elsif (/^LaTeX Warning: (Citation `([^']+)' on page .* undefined on input line .*)\./) {
+        elsif (/^LaTeX Warning: (Citation [`|']([^']+)' on page .* undefined on input line .*)\./) {
             push @warning_list, $1;
             push @undefined_citations, $2;
             $bad_citation++;
@@ -6062,22 +6354,40 @@
                 # Quote inside filename.  Probably misparse.
                 next INCLUDE_NAME;
             }
+            # Most (but not all) implementations of TeX, put a non-empty path
+            # in name of file read in .log file.  Flag the situation of no path
+            # separator in the file name: There's a high potential for misparse.
+            # Do this before normalizing filename, and analyzing its components.
+            my $no_path = ( $include_name !~ m'[/|\\]' );
             $include_name = normalize_filename( $include_name, @pwd_log );
             if ( ! defined $include_name )  { next INCLUDE_NAME; }
+            if ( ! -e $include_name )  { next INCLUDE_NAME; }
             my ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseB( $include_name );
             if ( ($path eq './') || ($path eq '.\\') ) {
                 $include_name = $base.$ext;
             }
-            if ( $include_name !~ m'[/|\\]' ) {
-                # Filename does not include a path character
-                # High potential for misparsed line
+            if ( $no_path ) {
                 $dependents{$include_name} = 2;
             } else {
                 $dependents{$include_name} = 3;
             }
             if ( $ext eq '.bbl' ) {
-                print "$My_name: Found input bbl file '$include_name'\n"
-                   unless $silent;
+                if ( -e $include_name ) {
+                   print "$My_name: Found input bbl file '$include_name'\n"
+                       unless $silent;
+                }
+                else {
+                    warn "$My_name: Bbl file '$include_name' is listed in .log file\n",
+                        "   as having been read, but it doesn't exist\n";
+                    if ( ($path eq '') && ($aux_dir ne '' ) && ( -e "%aux_dir1$include_name" ) ) {
+                        warn "  But it's in '$aux_dir'\n",
+                            "  There's probably a bug in .log file writing\n";
+                        $include_name = "%aux_dir1$include_name";
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        next;
+                    }
+                }
                 push @bbl_files, $include_name;
             }
         } # INCLUDE_NAME
@@ -6154,9 +6464,6 @@
                 #    exists, then the missing file does not correspond
                 #    to the missing file, unless the .tex file was
                 #    created during the run.  
-                # OLD $dependents{"$path$base.tex"} = 4;
-                # OLD delete $dependents{$candidate};
-                # NEW:
                 $dependents{"$path$base.tex"} = 4;
             }
             push @missing, $candidate;
@@ -6279,6 +6586,11 @@
     
     my ($file, $PAlines, $PHinfo) = @_;
     # Where lines are wrapped at.  We'll sometimes override.
+    # Note that TeXLive's hilatex, at least in TL 2023, with HINT 2.0,
+    # doesn't obey max_print_line environment or the corresponding
+    # -cnf-line option.  They work for pdflatex.
+    # Similarly for MiKTeX 23.10.12's hilatex, which reports the same version of
+    # HINT.
     local $log_wrap = $log_wrap;
 
     # Lines held for wrapping:
@@ -6315,6 +6627,8 @@
     #                luatex: UTF-8 but with wrapping at APPROXIMATELY
     #                        $log_wrap bytes. Rest as pdftex
     #                xetex:  UTF-8 with wrapping at $log_wrap codepoints.
+    #                hilatex: (TL 2023, HINT 2.0) Pure 7-bit ASCII with ^^
+    #                        encoding of non-ASCII. Wrapping at 79 bytes.
     # So we read file as bytes.  Then
     #   first line gives which program was used and hence whether to wrap
     #     according to byte or codepoint count.
@@ -6341,7 +6655,9 @@
             }
             $lua_mode = ( $engine =~ /lua.*tex/i );
             # TeXLive's *tex take log wrap value from environment variable max_print_line, if it exists:
-            if ( ($tex_distribution =~ /TeX\s*Live/) && $ENV{max_print_line} ) {
+            if ( ($tex_distribution =~ /TeX\s*Live/) &&
+                $ENV{max_print_line} ) {
+                # See comment earlier about hilatex.
                 $log_wrap = $ENV{max_print_line};
                 print "$My_name: changed column for log file wrapping from standard to $log_wrap\n".
                       "  from env. var. max_print_line, which is obeyed by your TeXLive programs\n"
@@ -6401,7 +6717,10 @@
         &$Pwrap_sub();
     }
     close($fh);
-    foreach (@$PAlines) { $_ = utf8_to_mine($_); }
+    foreach (@$PAlines) {
+        hathat_to_binary( $_ ) if ( $conv_hathat && /\^\^/ );
+        $_ = utf8_to_mine($_);
+    }
     push @$PAlines, "";  # Blank line to terminate.  So multiline blocks 
               # are always terminated by non-block line, rather than eof.
     $$PHinfo{max_len} = $max_len;
@@ -6586,6 +6905,28 @@
 
 #************************************************************
 
+sub hathat_to_binary {
+    # Convert ^^ notation to bytes (log files from non-8bit configured latex).
+    # In-line conversion.
+    # Usage, e.g., hathat_to_binary( $line  ) or hathat_to_binary( @array  ).
+    # 
+    foreach (@_){
+        next unless /\^\^/;
+        while ( /(\^\^([[:xdigit:]]{2}))/g ) {
+            my $match = $1;
+            my $hex = $2;
+            my $pos = pos($_);  # Regex analyzer positioned after match
+            my $before = $pos - length($match);
+            pos($_) = $before;
+            my $subst = chr hex $hex;
+            s/\G\Q$match/$subst/;
+            pos($_) = $before + length($subst);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#==============================================
+
 sub dirname_no_tail {
     my $dirname = $_[0];
     foreach ($dirname) {
@@ -6818,6 +7159,12 @@
    push @$Paux_files, $aux_file;
 AUX_LINE:
    while (<$aux_fh>) {
+       if ( /\^\^/ ) {
+           warn "$My_name: Line in '$aux_file' uses ^^ notation, which may\n".
+                "  cause trouble to bibtex:\n   $_";
+           # At least I need to be able to handle the line:
+           hathat_to_binary( $_ ) if $conv_hathat;
+       }
        $_ = utf8_to_mine($_);
        s/\s$//;
        if ( /^\\bibdata\{(.*)\}/ ) { 
@@ -6863,69 +7210,145 @@
 #************************************************************
 
 sub parse_bcf {
-    # Parse bcf file for bib and other source files.  
-    # Usage: parse_bcf( $bcf_file, \@new_bib_files )
+    # Parse bcf file for bib and other source files, and
+    #   do an elementary test for completeness.
+    # Usage: parse_bcf( $bcf_file, \$status, \%bib_files, \@found,
+    #                    \@not_found, \@remote )
     # If can't open bcf file, then
-    #    Return 0 and leave @new_bib_files empty
-    # Else set @new_bib_files from information in the
-    #       bcf files 
-    #    And:
-    #    Return 1 if no problems
-    #    Return 2 with @new_bib_files empty if there are no relevant source
-    #      file lines.
-    #    Return 3 if I couldn't locate all the bib_files
+    #    Return with $status = 0 and the hash and arrays empy.
+    #     
+    # Else set the hash and the arrays from information in the bcf_file,
+    # set $status to
+    #       1 if no problems
+    #       2 if there were no relevant datasource lines
+    #         Note this is not an error! *latex & biber will not report an
+    #         error, and will simply result in an empty b
+    #       3 if I couldn't locate all the bib_files
+    #       100 plus one of the codes 1..3 if the bcf file appears
+    #         incomplete. 
+    #
     # A full parse of .bcf file as XML would need an XML parsing module, which
     # is not in a default installation of Perl, notably in TeXLive's perl for
     # Win32 platform.  To avoid requiring the installation, just search the
     # .bcf file for the relevant lines.
+    #
+    #  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!??????????? Allow for remote bib files.
 
-    my $bcf_file = $_[0];
-    my $Pbib_files = $_[1];
-    # Default return value
-    @$Pbib_files = ();
-    # Map file specs (from datasource lines) to actual filenames:
-    local %bib_files = ();
-    my @not_found_bib = ();
+    use strict;
+    # Global variables used
+    our ( $My_name, $silent );
+    
+    my ($bcf_file, $Pstatus, $PHbib_files, $PAfound, $PAnot_found, $PAremote ) = @_;
+    $$Pstatus = 0;
 
+    my %glob_names = ();
+    my @found = ();
+    my @not_found = ();
+    my %remote = ();
+
+    my $incomplete = 0;  # Values 0 or 1
+
     open(my $bcf_fh, $bcf_file)
     || do {
-       warn "$My_name: Couldn't find bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
-       return 0; 
+        warn "$My_name: Couldn't find bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
     };
+    $$Pstatus = 1;
     while ( <$bcf_fh> ) {
         $_ = utf8_to_mine($_);
-        if ( /^\s*<bcf:datasource type=\"file\"\s+datatype=\"bibtex\"\s+glob=\"false\">(.+)<\/bcf:datasource>/ ) {
-            $bib_files{$1} = '';
+        if (eof($bcf_fh)) {
+            if ( ! /^\s*<\/bcf:controlfile>/ ) {
+                warn "$My_name: Incomplete (and hence corrupt) bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
+                $incomplete = 1;
+            }
         }
+        if ( /^\s*<bcf:datasource type=\"file\"\s+datatype=\"bibtex\"\s*(.*)>(.+)<\/bcf:datasource>/ ) {
+            my $tail = $1;  # Can contain a glob item, which will affect meaning of filename.
+            my $file = $2;
+            if ($file =~ /^http:|^https:|^ftp:|^ftps:/ ) { $remote{$file} = ''; }
+            elsif ($tail =~ /glob=\"true\"/ ) { $glob_names{$file} = ''; }
+            else { $$PHbib_files{$file} = ''; }
+        }
     }
     close $bcf_fh;
 
-    find_files( \%bib_files, 'bib', 'bib', $Pbib_files, \@not_found_bib );
-    if ( $#{$Pbib_files} == -1 ) {
-        # 
-        print "$My_name: No .bib files listed in .bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
-        return 2;
+    foreach my $spec ( keys %glob_names ) {
+        my @result = glob $spec;
+        if ( ($#result == 0) && ($spec eq $result[0]) ) {
+            # There was no wild card, and glob just returned the given
+            # name, which applies whether or not the file exists.
+            # We'll treat is the same as a non-globbed name.
+            $$PHbib_files{$spec} = '';
+            delete $glob_names{$spec};
+        }
+        else {
+            foreach (@result) { $$PHbib_files{$_} = $_; }
+        }
     }
+    foreach (keys %$PHbib_files) { if (-e) { $$PHbib_files{$_} = $_; } }
+    foreach my $spec (keys %$PHbib_files ) {
+        next if $$PHbib_files{$spec};
+        my @lines = kpsewhich( $spec );
+        if (@lines) { $$PHbib_files{$spec} = $lines[0]; }
+    }
+    while (my ($spec, $file) = each %$PHbib_files ) {
+        if ($file) { push @found, $file; }
+        else  { push @not_found, $spec; }
+    }
 
-    show_array( "$My_name: Bibliography file(s) from .bcf file:", @$Pbib_files )
+    @found = uniqs(@found);
+    @not_found = uniqs(@not_found);
+    push @$PAfound, @found;
+    push @$PAnot_found, @not_found;
+    push @$PAremote, sort keys %remote;
+
+    show_array( "$My_name: Bibliography file(s) from .bcf file:", sort( @found, @not_found ) )
         unless $silent;
-    if (@not_found_bib) {
-        show_array(
-            "Bib file(s) not found in search path:",
-            @not_found_bib );
-    }
-    if (@not_found_bib) {
-        if ($force_mode) {
+    if (@not_found) {
+        show_array( "Bib file(s) not found in search path:", @not_found );
+        if ($force_mode && ! $incomplete) {
             warn "$My_name: Failed to find one or more bibliography files in search path.\n";
             warn "====BUT force_mode is on, so I will continue. There may be problems ===\n";
         }
-        return 3;
+        $$Pstatus = 3;
     }
-    return 1;
+    $$Pstatus += 100 * $incomplete;
 
 } #END parse_bcf
 
+#************************************************************
 
+sub incomplete_bcf {
+    # Do simple check of bcf file for completeness.
+    # Usage: incomplete_bcf( $bcf_file )
+    # Reason for this subroutine: If a run of *latex exits prematurely
+    # because of an error, any bcf file generated would normally be
+    # incomplete. It is useful to test for this before running biber,
+    # especially as part of the end-of-run analysis for *latex, to do
+    # appropriate clean up in an error situation. 
+    # Perhaps it would be ideal to check for other kinds of malformed bcf
+    # file, but the incomplete run from error termination of *latex is
+    # likely to be the most common case.
+    # Return 1 if bcf file exists but does NOT have the expected final line.
+    # Otherwise return 0.
+
+    my $bcf_file = $_[0];
+    my $last_line = '';
+
+    open(my $bcf_fh, $bcf_file)
+    || do {
+       warn "$My_name: Couldn't find bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
+       return 0; 
+    };
+    while ( <$bcf_fh> ) {
+        if (eof($bcf_fh)) { $last_line = $_; }
+    }
+    close $bcf_fh;
+    if ( $last_line =~ /^\s*<\/bcf:controlfile>/ ) { return 0; }
+    warn "$My_name: Incomplete (and hence corrupt) bcf file '$bcf_file'\n";
+    return 1;
+} #END incomplete_bcf
+
+
 #************************************************************
 #************************************************************
 #************************************************************
@@ -7416,7 +7839,11 @@
     # Set its dependents etc, using information from log, aux, and fls files.
     # Use fls file only if $recorder is set, and the fls file was generated
     # on this run.
-    # Return: 
+    # Return: An array: ( Whether there are missing directories,
+    #                     reference to array of missing directories,
+    #                     whether there are bad warnings
+    #                    )
+    # (Missing directories are those for aux files in aux_dir.)
 
     # N.B.  A complication which we try and handle in determining
     #   dependent files is that there may be aliasing of file names,
@@ -7756,7 +8183,7 @@
             $failure = 0;
         }
         $created_rules{$ind_file} = $from_rule;
-    }
+    } # end IDX_FILE
 
     local %processed_aux_files = ();
   BBL_FILE:
@@ -7763,9 +8190,6 @@
     foreach my $bbl_file ( uniqs( @bbl_files ) ) {
         my ($bbl_base, $bbl_path, $bbl_ext) = fileparseA( $bbl_file );
         $bbl_base = $bbl_path.$bbl_base;
-        my @new_bib_files = ();
-        my @new_aux_files = ();
-        my @new_bst_files = ();
         my $bcf_file =  "$bbl_base.bcf";
         my $bib_program = 'bibtex';
         if ( test_gen_file( $bcf_file ) ) {
@@ -7772,66 +8196,104 @@
             $bib_program = 'biber';
         }
         my $from_rule = "$bib_program $bbl_base";
-        print "=======  Dealing with '$from_rule'\n" if ($diagnostics);
+        $created_rules{$bbl_file} = $from_rule;
+        print "  ===Source file '$bbl_file' for '$rule'\n"
+            if ($diagnostics);
+        rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $bbl_file, $from_rule );
+        if ( ! -e $bbl_file ) { 
+            # Failure was non-existence of makable file
+            # Leave failure issue to other rules.
+            $failure = 0;
+        }
+
         # Don't change to use activation and deactivation here, rather than
         # creation and removal of rules.  This is because rules are to be
         # created on the fly here with details corresponding to current state
         # of .tex source file(s). So activating a previously inactive rule,
-        # which is out-of-date, may cause trouble.
+        # which is out-of-date, may cause trouble. ????????????? I just use previous rule, if it exists???
         if ($bib_program eq 'biber') {
             # Remove OPPOSITE kind of bbl generation:
             rdb_remove_rule( "bibtex $bbl_base" );
-
-            parse_bcf( $bcf_file, \@new_bib_files );
-        }
+            # Get information from .bcf file:
+            my $bcf_status = 0;
+            my %bib_files = ();
+            my @found = ();
+            my @not_found = ();
+            my @remote = ();
+            parse_bcf( $bcf_file, \$bcf_status, \%bib_files,
+                       \@found, \@not_found, \@remote );
+            my @new_sources = (@found, @not_found);
+            push @new_sources, $bcf_file;
+            if ( ! rdb_rule_exists( $from_rule ) ){
+                print "   ===Creating rule '$from_rule'\n" if ($diagnostics);
+                rdb_create_rule( $from_rule, 'external', $biber, '', 1,
+                                 $bcf_file, $bbl_file, $bbl_base,
+                                 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$bbl_base.blg" ]  );
+                # Since the rule is new, populate it with the best information
+                # that we have;
+                rdb_ensure_file_multi( $from_rule, @new_sources );
+            }
+            # Cache the information about source files from .bcf file, for use
+            # when biber terminates earlier:
+            rdb_set_extra( $from_rule, 'bcf_datasources',  [@new_sources] );
+            if ($bcf_status >= 100 ) {
+                my $save_bcf = "$bcf_file$save_error_suffix";
+                my $save_bbl = "$bbl_file$save_error_suffix";
+                warn "$My_name: ========== Incomplete bcf_file '$bcf_file'.\n",
+                    "  I'll rename the file to '$save_bcf'.\n";
+                rename $bcf_file, $save_bcf;
+                if ($bibtex_use) {
+                    warn "  I'll rename the bbl file to '$save_bbl',\n",
+                        "  in case the incomplete bcf file was a result of error in\n",
+                        "  '$rule' caused by an error in the bbl file.\n";
+                    rename $bbl_file, $save_bbl;
+                }
+            }
+            if ( ($bibtex_use == 1) || ($bibtex_use == 1.5)  ) {
+                # Conditional use of biber => we'll make decisions on
+                # whether to run biber according to whether all bib files
+                # exist. That's on the basis of the source list of the
+                # biber rule. So if the latest information from .bcf file
+                # is that a previously listed but non-existent bib file is
+                # not in the list from the .bcf file, then we remove it
+                # from the source list of biber.
+                # AND I must add any files listed in .bcf that are
+                # non-existent. 
+                my @bib_to_remove = ();
+                foreach (rdb_get_source( $from_rule ) ) {
+                    if ( ( /\.bib$/ ) && ( ! -e $_ ) && ( ! exists $bib_files{$_} ) ) {
+                        push @bib_to_remove, $_;
+                    }
+                }
+                show_array( "Bib files to remove from source list of '$from_rule'",
+                            @bib_to_remove
+                    ) if $diagnostics;
+                rdb_remove_files( $from_rule, @bib_to_remove );
+                show_array( "Bib files to add to source list of '$from_rule'",
+                            @not_found
+                    ) if $diagnostics;
+                rdb_ensure_file_multi( $from_rule, @not_found );
+            }
+        } # end biber setup 
         else {
+            # Using bibtex
             # Remove OPPOSITE kind of bbl generation:
             rdb_remove_rule( "biber $bbl_base" );
-            
-            parse_aux( "$bbl_base.aux", \@new_bib_files, \@new_aux_files, \@new_bst_files );
-        }
-        if ( ! rdb_rule_exists( $from_rule ) ){
-            print "   ===Creating rule '$from_rule'\n" if ($diagnostics);
-            if ( $bib_program eq 'biber' ) {
-                rdb_create_rule( $from_rule, 'external', $biber, '', 1,
-                                 $bcf_file, $bbl_file, $bbl_base, 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$bbl_base.blg" ]  );
-            }
-            else {
+            if ( ! rdb_rule_exists( $from_rule ) ){
                 rdb_create_rule( $from_rule, 'external', $bibtex, 'run_bibtex', 1,
-                                  "$bbl_base.aux", $bbl_file, $bbl_base, 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$bbl_base.blg" ]  );
+                                 "$bbl_base.aux", $bbl_file, $bbl_base,
+                                 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$bbl_base.blg" ]  );
             }
-        }
-        $created_rules{$bbl_file} = $from_rule;
-        local %old_sources = ();
-        rdb_one_rule( $from_rule, sub { %old_sources = %$PHsource; } );
-        my @new_sources = ( @new_bib_files, @new_aux_files, @new_bst_files );
-        if ( $bib_program eq 'biber' ) {
-            push @new_sources, $bcf_file;
-        }
-        foreach my $source ( @new_sources ) {
-            print "  ===Source file '$source' for '$from_rule'\n"
-               if ($diagnostics);
-            rdb_ensure_file( $from_rule, $source );
-            delete $old_sources{$source};
-        }
-        foreach my $source ( @new_aux_files ) {
-            $processed_aux_files{$source} = 1;
-        }
-        if ($diagnostics) {
-            foreach ( keys %old_sources ) {
-                print "Removing no-longer-needed dependent '$_' from rule '$from_rule'\n";
-            }
-        }
-        rdb_remove_files( $from_rule, keys %old_sources );
-        print "  ===Source file '$bbl_file' for '$rule'\n"
-            if ($diagnostics);
-        rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $bbl_file, $from_rule );
-        if ( ! -e $bbl_file ) { 
-            # Failure was non-existence of makable file
-            # Leave failure issue to other rules.
-            $failure = 0;
-        }
-    }
+            my @new_bib_files = ();
+            my @new_aux_files = ();
+            my @new_bst_files = ();
+            parse_aux( "$bbl_base.aux",
+                       \@new_bib_files, \@new_aux_files, \@new_bst_files );
+            foreach ( @new_aux_files ) { $processed_aux_files{$_} = 1; }
+            rdb_set_source( $from_rule,
+                            @new_bib_files, @new_aux_files, @new_bst_files );
+        }  # end bibtex set upt
+    } # end BBL_FILE
 
     if ( ($#aux_hooks > -1) && ! exists $processed_aux_files{$aux_main} ) {
         my @new_bib_files = ();
@@ -7951,7 +8413,8 @@
     rdb_remove_files( $rule, @files_not_needed );
 
     return ($missing_dirs, [@missing_subdirs],
-            ( $log_info{bad_warning} ? 1 : 0 ) );
+            ( $log_info{bad_warning} ? 1 : 0 ),
+           );
 
 } # END rdb_set_latex_deps
 
@@ -8372,6 +8835,7 @@
     my @dest_exts = ();
     if ($pdf_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.pdf';}
     if ($dvi_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.dvi';}
+    if ($hnt_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.hnt';}
     if ($postscript_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.ps';}
 
     my $deps_space = ' ';
@@ -8760,6 +9224,7 @@
             print "=========SWITCH OF OUTPUT WAS DONE.\n";
             next PASS;
         }
+        
         if ( ($runs > 0) && ! $too_many_passes ) {
             $retry_msg = 0;
             if ( $force_mode || (! $failure) ) {
@@ -8894,6 +9359,33 @@
     else { print "$My_name: Nothing to do for '$texfile_name'.\n"; }
 
     # Diagnostics
+    my @missing_bib = ();
+    my @bibx_vetoed = ();
+    rdb_for_some( [rdb_accessible()],
+                  sub{ if ( $rule =~ /^(biber|bibtex)/ ) {
+                           my $veto = $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed};
+                           if ( $veto ) {
+                               push @bibx_vetoed, $rule;
+                               if ( (ref($veto) eq 'ARRAY') && (@$veto) ) { push @missing_bib, @$veto; }
+                           }
+                       }
+                  }
+        );
+    if (@bibx_vetoed && ! $silent) {
+        show_array(
+            "\n$My_name: The following rules were vetoed from being run, because of the\n".
+            "setting for the non-use/condititional use of bibtex/biber:",
+            sort( @bibx_vetoed )
+        );
+        if ($bibtex_use == 0) { print "Reason: I am configured not to use bibtex/biber\n"; }
+        elsif (@missing_bib) {
+            show_array(
+                "Reason: I am configured only to use bibtex/biber if all .bib files exist,\n".
+                "but the following didn't:",
+                uniqs( @missing_bib )
+            );
+        }
+    }
     if ($#primary_warning_summary > -1) {
         # N.B. $mult_defined, $bad_reference, $bad_character, $bad_citation also available here.
         show_array( "$My_name: Summary of warnings from last run of *latex:", 
@@ -8900,10 +9392,10 @@
                     @primary_warning_summary );
     }
     if ( ($#warning_list >= 0) && !$silence_logfile_warnings ) {
-        warn "$My_name: ====List of undefined refs and citations:\n";
+        warn "$My_name: ====Undefined refs and citations with line #s in .tex file:\n";
         for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#warning_list; $i++) {
             if ($i >= $max_logfile_warnings ) {
-                warn " And ", $#warning_list + 1 - $i, " more --- see log file.\n";    
+                warn " And ", $#warning_list + 1 - $i, " more --- see log file '$log_name'\n";
                 last;
             }
             warn "  $warning_list[$i]\n";
@@ -9006,33 +9498,19 @@
     # define $pass{$rule} elsewhere, do it here:
     if ( ! defined $pass{$rule} ) {$pass{$rule} = 0; }
 
-    # Special fix up for bibtex:
-    my $bibtex_not_run = -1;   # Flags status as to whether this is a
-        # bibtex rule and if it is, whether out-of-date condition is to
-        # be ignored.
-        #  -1 => not a bibtex rule
-        #   0 => no special treatment
-        #   1 => don't run bibtex because of non-existent bibfiles
-        #           (and setting to do this test)
-        #   2 => don't run bibtex because of setting
-    my @missing_bib_files = ();
-    if ( $rule =~ /^(bibtex|biber)/ ) {
-        $bibtex_not_run = 0;
-        if ($bibtex_use == 0) {
-           $bibtex_not_run = 2;
+    my %changes = ();
+    if ( ! rdb_rerun_needed(\%changes, 0) ) {
+        my $veto = $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed};
+        if ($veto && ! $silent ) {
+            warn "$My_name: Veto of running of '$rule' (\$bibtex_use=$bibtex_use)\n";
         }
-        elsif ( ($bibtex_use == 1) || ($bibtex_use == 1.5) ) {
-            # Conditional run of bibtex (or biber) depending on existence of .bib file.
-            foreach ( keys %$PHsource ) {
-                if ( ( /\.bib$/ ) && (! -e $_) ) {
-                    push @missing_bib_files, $_;
-                    $bibtex_not_run = 1;
-                }
-            }
-        }
+        return;
     }
 
-    if ( ! rdb_rerun_needed(\%changes, 0) ) { return; }
+    if (!$silent) { 
+        print "$My_name: applying rule '$rule'...\n";
+        &rdb_diagnose_changes2( \%changes, "Rule '$rule': ", 0 );
+    }
 
     # Set this in case of early exit:
     # ???!!! Check I am setting $missing_dvi_pdf correctly.
@@ -9039,15 +9517,10 @@
     if ( $$Pdest && (! -e $$Pdest)  && ( $$Pcmd_type eq 'primary' ) ) {
         $missing_dvi_pdf = $$Pdest;
     }
-
-    if (!$silent) { 
-        print "$My_name: applying rule '$rule'...\n";
-        &rdb_diagnose_changes2( \%changes, "Rule '$rule': ", 0 );
-    }
-
     # We are applying the rule, so its source file state for when it was
-    # last made is as of now.  This is do in the subroutines that do the
-    # actual run, to allow for possible calls to them from other places.
+    # last made should be as of now.  This is done in the subroutines that
+    # do the actual run, to allow for possible calls to them from other
+    # places.  (Actually only rdb_run1, now.)
 
     # The actual run
     my $return = 0;   # Return code from called routine
@@ -9069,21 +9542,10 @@
     $runs_total++;
 
     $pass{$rule}++;
-    if ($bibtex_not_run > 0) {
-        if ($bibtex_not_run == 1 ) {
-            show_array ("$My_name: I WON'T RUN '$rule' because I don't find the following files:",
-                        @missing_bib_files);
-        }
-        elsif ($bibtex_not_run == 2 ) {
-            warn "$My_name: I AM CONFIGURED/INVOKED NOT TO RUN '$rule'\n"; 
-        }
-        $return = &rdb_dummy_run0;
-    }
-    else {
-        warn_running( "Run number $pass{$rule} of rule '$rule'" );
-        $return = &rdb_run1;
-    }
 
+    warn_running( "Run number $pass{$rule} of rule '$rule'" );
+    $return = &rdb_run1;
+
     if ($$Pchanged) {
         $newrule_nofile = 1;
         $return = 0;
@@ -9090,10 +9552,10 @@
     }
     elsif ( $$Pdest && ( !-e $$Pdest ) && (! $failure) ){
         # If there is a destination to make, but for some reason
-        #    it did not get made, and no other error was reported, 
-        #    then a priori there appears to be an error condition:
-        #    the run failed.   But there are some important cases in
-        #    which this is a wrong diagnosis.
+        #    it did not get made, and an error condition wasn't set already
+        #    in $failure, then a priori there appears to be an error
+        #    condition, i.e., the run failed.   But there are some important
+        #    cases in which this is a wrong diagnosis.
         if ( ( $$Pcmd_type eq 'cusdep') && $$Psource && (! -e $$Psource) ) {
             # However, if the rule is a custom dependency, this is not by
             #  itself an error, if also the source file does not exist.  In 
@@ -9117,19 +9579,12 @@
            # Missing output file was reported to be NOT an error
            $$Pout_of_date = 0;
         }
-        elsif ( ($bibtex_use <= 1.5) && ($bibtex_not_run > 0) ) {
-           # Lack of destination file is not to be treated as an error
-           # for a bibtex rule when latexmk is configured not to treat
-           # this as an error, and the lack of a destination file is the
-           # only error.
-           $$Pout_of_date = 0;
-        }
         else {
             $failure = 1;
         }
     }
     if ( ($return != 0) && ($return != -2) ) {
-        $failure = 1; 
+        $failure = 1;
         $$Plast_result = 2;
         if ( !$$Plast_message ) {
             $$Plast_message = "Run of rule '$rule' gave a non-zero error code";
@@ -9149,6 +9604,11 @@
     # Otherwise: 0 on other kind of success, 
     #            -1 on error, 
     #            -2 when missing dest_file is to be ignored
+    #            -3 for situation like biber with malformed bcf file:
+    #                  missing dest_file that can't be made without
+    #                     change of source file
+    #                  error is to be reported
+    #                  corrupt source file has been deleted/renamed.
 
     # Defaults for summary of results of run.
     $$Prun_time = time();
@@ -9233,105 +9693,10 @@
         run_hooks( 'after_xlatex_analysis' );
     }
     elsif ( $rule =~ /^biber/ ) {
-        my @biber_datasource = ( );
-        my $retcode = check_biber_log( $$Pbase, \@biber_datasource );
-        foreach my $source ( @biber_datasource ) {
-#           if ( $source =~ /\"/ ) {next; }
-            print "  ===Source file '$source' for '$rule'\n"
-               if ($diagnostics);
-            rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $source );
-        }
-        if ($retcode == 5) {
-        # Special treatment if sole missing file is bib file
-        # I don't want to treat that as an error
-            $return = 0;
-            $$Plast_result = 200;
-            $$Plast_message = "Could not find bib file for '$$Pbase'";
-            push @warnings, "Bib file not found for '$$Pbase'";
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 6) {
-           # Missing control file.  Need to remake it (if possible)
-           # Don't treat missing bbl file as error.
-           print "$My_name: bibtex control file missing.  Since that can\n",
-                "   be recreated, I'll try to do so.\n";
-           $return = -2;
-           rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 4) {
-            $$Plast_result = 2;
-            $$Plast_message = "Could not find all biber source files for '$$Pbase'";
-            push @warnings, "Not all biber source files found for '$$Pbase'";
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 3) {
-            $$Plast_result = 2;
-            $$Plast_message = "Could not open biber log file for '$$Pbase'";
-            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 2) {
-            $$Plast_message = "Biber errors: See file '$$Pbase.blg'";
-            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 1) {
-            push @warnings, "Biber warnings for '$$Pbase'";
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 10) {
-            push @warnings, "Biber found no citations for '$$Pbase'";
-            # Biber doesn't generate a bbl file in this situation.
-            $return = -2;
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 11) {
-            push @warnings, "Biber: malformed bcf file for '$$Pbase'.  IGNORE";
-            if (!$silent) {
-               print "$My_name: biber found malformed bcf file for '$$Pbase'.\n",
-                    "  I'll ignore error, and delete any bbl file.\n";
-            }
-            # Malformed bcf file is a downstream consequence, normally,
-            # of an error in *latex run.  So this is not an error
-            # condition in biber itself.
-            # Current version of biber deletes bbl file.
-            # Older versions (pre-2016) made an incorrect bbl file, which
-            # tended to cause latex errors, and give a self-perpetuating error.
-            # To be safe, ensure the bbl file doesn't exist.
-            unlink $$Pdest;
-            # The missing bbl file is now not an error:
-            $return = -2;
-        }
+        after_biber( \$return );
     }
     elsif ( $rule =~ /^bibtex/ ) {
-        my $retcode = check_bibtex_log($$Pbase);
-        if ( ! -e $$Psource ) {
-            $retcode = 10;
-            if (!$silent) {
-                print "Source '$$Psource' for '$rule' doesn't exist,\n",
-                    "so I'll force *latex to run to try and make it.\n";
-            }
-            rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
-        }
-        if ($retcode == 3) {
-            $$Plast_result = 2;
-            $$Plast_message = "Could not open bibtex log file for '$$Pbase'";
-            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 2) {
-            $$Plast_message = "Bibtex errors: See file '$$Pbase.blg'";
-            $failure = 1;
-            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 1) {
-            push @warnings, "Bibtex warnings for '$$Pbase'";
-        }
-        elsif ($retcode == 10) {
-            push @warnings, "Bibtex found no citations for '$$Pbase',\n",
-                            "    or bibtex found a missing aux file\n";
-            if (! -e $$Pdest ) {
-                print "$My_name: Bibtex did not produce '$$Pdest'.  But that\n",
-                     "     was because of missing files, so I will continue.\n";
-                $return = -2;
-            }
-            else {
-                $return = 0;
-            }
-        }
+        after_bibtex( \$return );
     }
     else {
         # No special analysis for other rules
@@ -9366,28 +9731,6 @@
 
 #-----------------
 
-sub rdb_dummy_run0 {
-    # Assumes contexts for: rule.
-    # Update rule state as if the rule ran successfully,
-    #    but don't run the rule.
-    # Returns 0 (success code)
-
-    # Source file data, by definition, correspond to the file state just before 
-    # the latest run, and the run_time to the time just before the run:
-    &rdb_update_files;
-    $$Prun_time = time();
-    $$Pchanged = 0;       # No special changes in files
-    $$Plast_result = 0;
-    $$Plast_result_info = 'CURR';
-    $$Plast_message = '';
-
-    $$Pout_of_date = $$Pout_of_date_user = 0;
-
-    return 0;
-}  # END rdb_dummy_run0
-
-#-----------------
-
 sub Run_subst {
     # Call: Run_subst( cmd, msg, options, source, dest, base )
     # Runs command with substitutions.
@@ -9465,6 +9808,9 @@
     return $return;
 } #END Run_subst
 
+
+#************************************************************
+
 sub analyze_latex_run {
     # Call: analyze_latex_run(old_ret_code)
     # Analyze results of run of *latex (or whatever was run instead) from
@@ -9493,7 +9839,7 @@
     my ($missing_dirs, $PA_missing_subdirs, $bad_warnings) = &rdb_set_latex_deps;
     if ($bad_warning_is_error && $bad_warnings) {
         warn "$My_name: Serious warnings in .log configured to be errors\n";
-        $return ||= $bad_warnings;1
+        $return ||= $bad_warnings;
     }
 
     # For each file of the kind made by epstopdf.sty during a run, 
@@ -9623,7 +9969,7 @@
      );
 
     return $user_changes;
-}
+} #END rdb_user_changes
 
 #************************************************************
 
@@ -9648,6 +9994,9 @@
     local our $PHchanges = shift;
     local our $outside_make_loop = shift;
 
+    my $bibx_rule = ( $rule =~ /^(biber|bibtex)/ );
+    
+
     # File level routine reports its results in %$PHchanges: maps kind of
     # change to ref to array of files with that kind of change.  
     %$PHchanges = ();
@@ -9766,6 +10115,11 @@
             elsif ( $$Pcmd_type eq 'delegated' ) {
                 # Delegate to destination rule
             }
+            elsif ( $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed} ) {
+                # Previous attempt at a run of biber/bibtex was vetoed
+                # So it's pointless to rerun it unless there was some
+                # other change, which will have been detected.
+            }
             else {
                 $rerun_needed = 1;
                 push @{$$PHchanges{no_dest}}, $rule;
@@ -9779,6 +10133,43 @@
         }
     }
     $$Pno_history = 0;    # See comments in definition of %rule_db.
+    if ( $$Psource && (! -e $$Psource) ) {
+#           print "================In '$rule', no source '$$Psource'\n";
+    }
+
+    if ( $bibx_rule ) {
+        # Check whether run of biber/bibtex rule is to be vetoed.
+        # Default to no veto:
+        $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed} = 0;
+        if ($rerun_needed) {
+            if ($bibtex_use == 0) {
+                # Do not use biber/bibtex at all
+                $rerun_needed = 0;
+                $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed} = 1;
+            }
+            elsif ($bibtex_use < 1.9) {
+                # Conditional bibtex/biber use, if all .bib files exist
+                my @missing_bib_files = ();
+                foreach ( keys %$PHsource ) {
+                    if ( ( /\.bib$/ ) && (! -e $_) ) {
+                        push @missing_bib_files, $_;
+                    }
+                }
+                if ( @missing_bib_files ) {
+                    $rerun_needed = 0;
+                    $$PHextra{bibx_vetoed} = [ sort @missing_bib_files ];
+                }                
+            }
+            if ($$PHextra{bibx_vetoed}) {
+                # Avoid propagating error state from previous invocations,
+                # since things might have changed if I did a run instead of
+                # vetoing it.  A saved non-zero error state tends to stop
+                # certain things from being run.
+                $$Plast_result = 0;
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
     if ($rerun_needed) {
         push @{$$PHchanges{rules_to_apply}}, $rule;
     }
@@ -10122,9 +10513,13 @@
 #===== Accesses rule part of database structure =======
 
     local ( $rule, $rule_act1, $file_act, $rule_act2 ) = @_;
-    if ( (! $rule) || ! rdb_rule_exists($rule) ) { return; }
+    if ( (! $rule) || ! rdb_rule_exists($rule) ) {
+        die_trace( "$My_name: BUG in call to rdb_one_rule: non-existent rule '$rule'" );
+    }
 
-    local ( $PArule_data, $PHsource, $PHdest, $PHrewritten_before_read, $PHsource_rules ) = @{$rule_db{$rule}};
+    local ( $PArule_data, $PHsource, $PHdest, $PHrewritten_before_read,
+            $PHsource_rules, $PHextra )
+          = @{$rule_db{$rule}};
     local ($Pcmd_type, $Pext_cmd, $PAint_cmd, $Pno_history, 
            $Psource, $Pdest, $Pbase,
            $Pout_of_date, $Pout_of_date_user, $Prun_time, $Pcheck_time,
@@ -10286,6 +10681,7 @@
            {},
            {},
            {},
+           {},
            {}
         ];
     foreach my $file ($source, @$PAextra_source ) {
@@ -10368,36 +10764,80 @@
     if ( ! defined $new_file ) {
         die_trace( "$My_name: BUG in call to rdb_ensure_file: undefined file for '$rule'" );
     }
-    if ( $new_file =~ /\"/ ) {
-        warn "$My_name: in rdb_ensure_file for rule '$rule', there is a double quote in\n",
-             "  the filename: '$new_file'.\n",
-             "  I cannot handle this, will ignore this file.\n";
-        return;
-    }
     if ( ! defined $set_not_exists ) { $set_not_exists = 0; }
-    rdb_one_rule( $rule, 
-                  sub{
-                      if (! exists ${$PHsource}{$new_file} ) {
-                          if ( $set_not_exists ) {
-                              ${$PHsource}{$new_file} = [@nofile, '', 0];
-                          }
-                          else {
-                              ${$PHsource}{$new_file} 
-                              = [fdb_get($new_file, $$Prun_time), '', 0];
-                          }
-                      }
+    rdb_one_rule(
+        $rule, sub{ if ($set_not_exists)  { rdb_ensure_new_files_here($new_file); }
+                       else { rdb_ensure_files_here($new_file); }
                   }
     );
-    if (defined $new_from_rule ) {
-        $from_rules{$new_file} = $new_from_rule;
-    }
+    if (defined $new_from_rule ) { $from_rules{$new_file} = $new_from_rule; }
 } #END rdb_ensure_file 
 
 #************************************************************
 
+sub rdb_ensure_file_multi {
+    # rdb_ensure_file( rule, file ... )
+    # Ensures the source files exist in the given rule.
+    # Like rdb_ensure_file, but without the possible setting of a from rule
+    # or of the initialization to non-existent file
+    #============ NOTE: rule and file data set here ===============================
+    use strict;
+    my $rule = shift;
+    my @files = @_;
+    rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub { rdb_ensure_files_here( @files ); } );
+} #END rdb_ensure_file_multi
+
+#************************************************************
+
+sub rdb_ensure_files_here {
+    # rdb_ensure_files_here( file, ...)
+    # Assumes rule context
+    # Ensures the given files are in the source file list.
+    # For added files, initialize state to current of file,
+    # as is appropriate if the file was read in latest run of rule
+    use strict;
+    our ($rule, $My_name, $PHsource, $Prun_time);
+    foreach (@_) {
+        if ( /\"/ ) {
+             warn "$My_name: in rdb_ensure_files_here for rule '$rule', there\n",
+                  "  is a double quote in the filename: '$_'.\n",
+                  "  I cannot handle this, will ignore this file.\n";
+             next;
+        }
+        if (! exists ${$PHsource}{$_} ) {
+            ${$PHsource}{$_} = [fdb_get($_, $$Prun_time), '', 0];
+        }
+    }
+} #DN rdb_ensure_files_here
+
+#************************************************************
+
+sub rdb_ensure_new_files_here {
+    # rdb_ensure_new_files_here( file, ...)
+    # Assumes rule context
+    # Ensures the given files are in the source file list.
+    # For added files, initialize state to non-existent,
+    # as is appropriate if the file is new to the rule
+    use strict;
+    our ($rule, $My_name, $PHsource, @nofile);
+    foreach (@_) {
+        if ( /\"/ ) {
+             warn "$My_name: in rdb_ensure_new_files_here for rule '$rule', there\n",
+                  "  is a double quote in the filename: '$_'.\n",
+                  "  I cannot handle this, will ignore this file.\n";
+             next;
+        }
+        if (! exists ${$PHsource}{$_} ) {
+            ${$PHsource}{$_} = [@nofile, '', 0];
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#************************************************************
+
 sub rdb_remove_files {
     # rdb_remove_file( rule, file, ... )
-    # Removes file(s) for the rule.  
+    # Removes file(s) for the rule.
     my $rule = shift;
     if (!$rule) { return; }
     local @files = @_;
@@ -10408,37 +10848,86 @@
 
 #************************************************************
 
-sub rdb_list_source {
-    # rdb_list_source( rule )
+sub rdb_get_extra {
+    # rdb_get_extra( rule, key )
+    # Returns value pointed to by key in the rule's extra hash.
+    # Mostly for use when not in context of the given rule
+    # or from user code.
+    use strict;
+    our $PHextra;
+    my ($rule, $key) = @_;
+    my $info = undef;
+    rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub{ $info = $$PHextra{$key}; } );
+    return $info;
+} #END rdb_get_extra
+
+#************************************************************
+
+sub rdb_set_extra {
+    # rdb_set_extra( rule, key, value )
+    # Set value pointed to by key in the rule's extra hash.
+    # Mostly for use when not in context of the given rule,
+    # or from user code.
+    use strict;
+    our $PHextra;
+    my ($rule, $key, $value) = @_;
+    rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub{ $$PHextra{$key} = $value; } );
+} #END rdb_set_extra
+
+#************************************************************
+
+sub rdb_get_source {
+    # rdb_get_source( rule )
     # Return array of source files for rule.
-    my $rule = shift;
+    use strict;
+    our $PHsource;
+    my $rule = $_[0];
     my @files = ();
-    rdb_one_rule( $rule, 
-                  sub{ @files = keys %$PHsource; }
-    );
+    rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub{ @files = keys %$PHsource; } );
     return @files;
-} #END rdb_list_source
+} #END rdb_get_source
 
 #************************************************************
 
+sub rdb_show_source {
+    # rdb_show_source( rule[, msg] )
+    # Display sorted source files for rule, preceeded by optional message
+    use strict;
+    my ($rule, $msg) = @_;
+    print( $msg ) if $msg;
+    show_array( "Source files for '$rule'", sort( rdb_get_source($rule) ));
+} #END rdb_show_source
+
+#************************************************************
+
 sub rdb_set_source {
     # rdb_set_source( rule, file, ... )
+    # Set the source file list for rule to given files
+    use strict;
     my $rule = shift;
-    if (!$rule) { return; }
-    my %files = ();
-    foreach (@_) {
-#       if ( /\"/ ) {next; }
-        rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $_ );
-        $files{$_} = 1;
-    }
-    foreach ( rdb_list_source($rule) ) {
-        if ( ! exists $files{$_} ) { rdb_remove_files( $rule, $_ ); }
-    }    
-    return;
-} #END rdb_list_source
+    my @files = @_;
+    rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub { rdb_set_source_here( @files ); } );
+} #END rdb_set_source
 
 #************************************************************
 
+sub rdb_set_source_here {
+    # rdb_set_source_here( file, ... )
+    # Set the source file list for current rule to given files
+    # Rule context assumed.
+    use strict;
+    our ( $rule, $PHsource, $Psource );
+    my @files = @_;
+    push( @files, $$Psource)
+        if ($$Psource);
+    my %deletions = %$PHsource;
+    foreach (@files) { delete $deletions{$_};  }
+    rdb_remove_files( $rule, keys %deletions );
+    rdb_ensure_files_here( @files );
+} #END rdb_set_source
+
+#************************************************************
+
 sub rdb_rule_exists { 
     # Call rdb_rule_exists($rule): Returns whether rule exists.
     my $rule = shift;
@@ -10464,7 +10953,12 @@
 sub rdb_update_gen_files {
     # Assumes rule context.  Update source files of rule to current state,
     # but only for source files that are generated by this or another rule.
-    rdb_do_files( 
+    if ($$PHextra{bibx_vetoed} ) {
+        # I will NOT update generated source files for vetoed rule, so that
+        # source file state for the rule corresponds to last actual run of rule
+        return;
+    }
+    rdb_do_files(
         sub{  if ( exists $from_rules{$file} ) { &rdb_update1; }  }
     );
 } #END rdb_update_gen_files
@@ -10749,7 +11243,7 @@
   my $return_mtime = 0;
   foreach my $include (@_)
   {
-    my $include_mtime = &get_mtime($include);
+    my $include_mtime = get_mtime($include);
     # The file $include may not exist.  If so ignore it, otherwise
     # we'll get an undefined variable warning.
     if ( ($include_mtime) && ($include_mtime >  $return_mtime) )
@@ -10787,12 +11281,12 @@
 sub processing_time {
     # Return time used.
     # Either total processing time of process and child processes as reported
-    # in pieces by times(), or HiRes time since Epoch depending on setting of
+    # in pieces by times(), or time since Epoch depending on setting of
     # $times_are_clock.
     # That variable is to be set on OSs (MSWin32) where times() does not
     # include time for subprocesses.
     if ($times_are_clock) {
-        return Time::HiRes::time();
+        return time();
     }
     my ($user, $system, $cuser, $csystem) = times();
     return $user + $system + $cuser + $csystem;
@@ -10880,7 +11374,7 @@
     # files), which are few in number.  Only likely conceivable case for
     # having many files is with a big document, for which *latex running
     # time is large, so almost certainly that dwarfs run time for several
-    # runs of kpsewhich. 
+    # runs of kpsewhich.
 
     my ($PHfiles, $format, $ext, $PAfiles, $PAnot_found) = @_;
     @$PAfiles = @$PAnot_found = ();
@@ -10900,7 +11394,7 @@
         if ( ! /\..*$/ ) { $_ .= ".$ext"; }
         push @$PAfiles, $_;
     }
-    
+
     return 1 + $#{$PAnot_found};
 } #END find_files
 
@@ -11001,7 +11495,7 @@
         }
     }
     $cmd =~ s/%[RBTDO]//g;
-    $cmd =~ s/%S/@_/g;
+    $cmd =~ s/%S/@args/g;
     my @found = ();
     local $fh;
     if ( $kpsewhich_show || $diagnostics ) {



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