[latexrefman-commits] [SCM] latexrefman updated: r995 - trunk
Jim Hefferon
INVALID.NOREPLY at gnu.org.ua
Tue Aug 24 21:12:48 CEST 2021
Author: jimhefferon
Date: 2021-08-24 19:12:47 +0000 (Tue, 24 Aug 2021)
New Revision: 995
Modified:
trunk/ChangeLog
trunk/latex2e.html
trunk/latex2e.info
trunk/latex2e.pdf
trunk/latex2e.texi
Log:
Add subsection on producing index manually
Modified: trunk/ChangeLog
===================================================================
--- trunk/ChangeLog 2021-08-22 21:49:38 UTC (rev 994)
+++ trunk/ChangeLog 2021-08-24 19:12:47 UTC (rev 995)
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+2021-08-24 Jim Hefferon <jhefferon at smcvt.edu>
+ * latex2e.texi (Producing the index manually): Add subsection.
+ Provides a place to define theindex environment.on \caption.
+
2021-08-22 Vincent Bela\"iche <vincentb1 at users.sourceforge.net>
* writing.html (Document structure): Add item ``Check
Modified: trunk/latex2e.html
===================================================================
--- trunk/latex2e.html 2021-08-22 21:49:38 UTC (rev 994)
+++ trunk/latex2e.html 2021-08-24 19:12:47 UTC (rev 995)
@@ -549,9 +549,10 @@
</ul></li>
<li><a id="toc-Indexes-1" href="#Indexes">25.2 Indexes</a>
<ul class="no-bullet">
- <li><a id="toc-_005cindex-1" href="#g_t_005cindex">25.2.1 <code>\index</code></a></li>
- <li><a id="toc-makeindex-1" href="#makeindex">25.2.2 <code>makeindex</code></a></li>
- <li><a id="toc-_005cprintindex-1" href="#g_t_005cprintindex">25.2.3 <code>\printindex</code></a></li>
+ <li><a id="toc-Produce-the-index-manually-1" href="#Produce-the-index-manually">25.2.1 Produce the index manually</a></li>
+ <li><a id="toc-_005cindex-1" href="#g_t_005cindex">25.2.2 <code>\index</code></a></li>
+ <li><a id="toc-makeindex-1" href="#makeindex">25.2.3 <code>makeindex</code></a></li>
+ <li><a id="toc-_005cprintindex-1" href="#g_t_005cprintindex">25.2.4 <code>\printindex</code></a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a id="toc-Glossaries-1" href="#Glossaries">25.3 Glossaries</a>
<ul class="no-bullet">
@@ -1759,7 +1760,7 @@
</p>
<span id="index-package_002c-etoolbox"></span>
<span id="index-etoolbox-package"></span>
-<p>The <samp>etoolbox</samp> package offers the commands
+<p>The <code>etoolbox</code> package offers the commands
<code>\newrobustcmd</code>, <code>\newrobustcmd*</code>, as well as the commands
<code>\renewrobustcmd</code>, <code>\renewrobustcmd*</code>, and the commands
<code>\providerobustcmd</code>, and <code>\providerobustcmd*</code>. These are
@@ -2131,7 +2132,7 @@
<p>This package only applies if you use the <code>pdflatex</code> engine
(see <a href="#TeX-engines">TeX engines</a>). If you use the <code>xelatex</code> or
-<code>lualatex</code> engine then instead use the <samp>fontspec</samp> package.
+<code>lualatex</code> engine then instead use the <code>fontspec</code> package.
</p>
<p>TeX’s original font family, Computer Modern, has a limited character
set. For instance, to make common accented characters you must use
@@ -2158,7 +2159,7 @@
<p>If you are using an encoding such as <code>T1</code> and the characters appear
blurry or do not magnify well then your fonts may be bitmapped,
sometimes called raster or Type 3. You want vector fonts. Use a
-package such as <samp>lmodern</samp> or <samp>cm-super</samp> to get a font that
+package such as <code>lmodern</code> or <code>cm-super</code> to get a font that
extends LaTeX’s default using vector fonts.
</p>
<p>For each <var>font_encoding</var> given as an option but not already
@@ -3028,7 +3029,7 @@
invalid in math mode</samp>’, and the font size doesn’t
change. To work with a too-large formula, often the best option is to
use the <code>displaymath</code> environment (see <a href="#Math-formulas">Math formulas</a>), or
-one of the environments from the <samp>amsmath</samp> package. For inline
+one of the environments from the <code>amsmath</code> package. For inline
mathematics, such as in a table of formulas, an alternative is something
like <code>{\small $mv^2/2$}</code>. (Sometimes <code>\scriptsize</code> and
<code>\scriptstyle</code> are confused. Both change the font size, but the
@@ -3200,7 +3201,7 @@
<dd><span id="index-_005clinespread"></span>
<p>Equivalent to <code>\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{<var>factor</var>}</code>,
and therefore must be followed by <code>\selectfont</code> to have any
-effect. Best specified in the preamble. See <a href="#g_t_005cbaselineskip-_0026-_005cbaselinestretch">\baselineskip & \baselinestretch</a>, for using <samp>setspace</samp> package instead.
+effect. Best specified in the preamble. See <a href="#g_t_005cbaselineskip-_0026-_005cbaselinestretch">\baselineskip & \baselinestretch</a>, for using <code>setspace</code> package instead.
</p>
<span id="low-level-font-commands-selectfont"></span></dd>
<dt><code>\selectfont</code></dt>
@@ -3795,7 +3796,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-setspace"></span>
<span id="index-setspace-package"></span>
-<p>A simpler approach is the <samp>setspace</samp> package. The basic example:
+<p>A simpler approach is the <code>setspace</code> package. The basic example:
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">\usepackage{setspace}
@@ -3829,7 +3830,7 @@
<p>LaTeX can have a number of different classes of floating material.
The default is the two classes, <code>figure</code> (see <a href="#figure">figure</a>) and
<code>table</code> (see <a href="#table">table</a>), but you can create a new class with the
-package <samp>float</samp>.
+package <code>float</code>.
</p>
<p>Within any one float class LaTeX always respects the order, so that
the first figure in a document source must be typeset before the second
@@ -3922,7 +3923,7 @@
the <var>placement</var> parameter. If this is not desired, and deleting
the <code>t</code> is not acceptable as it keeps the float from being placed
at the top of the next page, then you can prevent it by either using
-the <samp>flafter</samp> package or using the command
+the <code>flafter</code> package or using the command
<span id="index-_005csuppressfloats"></span>
<code>\suppressfloats[t]</code>, which causes floats for the top position on
this page to moved to the next page.
@@ -4074,8 +4075,8 @@
<p>Make a caption for a floating environment, such as a <code>figure</code> or
<code>table</code> environment (see <a href="#figure">figure</a> or <a href="#table">table</a>).
</p>
-<p>In this example, LaTeX places a caption below the blank space that is
-left by the author for the later inclusion of a picture.
+<p>In this example, LaTeX places a caption below the vertical blank
+space that is left by the author for the later inclusion of a picture.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">\begin{figure}
@@ -4132,23 +4133,19 @@
<code>table</code> environment is <code>table</code>.
</p>
<p>The text that will be put in the list of figures or list of tables is
-moving text. If you get the LaTeX error ‘<samp>! Argument of
+moving argument. If you get the LaTeX error ‘<samp>! Argument of
\@caption has an extra }</samp>’ then you must put <code>\protect</code> in front
of any fragile commands. See <a href="#g_t_005cprotect">\protect</a>.
</p>
+<span id="index-package_002c-caption"></span>
+<span id="index-caption-package"></span>
+
<p>The <code>caption</code> package has many options to adjust how the caption
appears, for example changing the font size, making the caption be
hanging text rather than set as a paragraph, or making the caption
always set as a paragraph rather than centered when it is short.
</p>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
<hr>
<span id="Sectioning"></span><div class="header">
<p>
@@ -4238,7 +4235,7 @@
letters with <code>\renewcommand\thesection{\Alph{section}}</code> in the
preamble (see <a href="#g_t_005calph-_005cAlph-_005carabic-_005croman-_005cRoman-_005cfnsymbol">\alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol</a>). CTAN
has many packages that make this adjustment easier, notably
-<samp>titlesec</samp>.
+<code>titlesec</code>.
</p>
<p>Two counters relate to the appearance of headings made by sectioning commands.
</p>
@@ -4363,12 +4360,12 @@
<p>In the class <code>article</code>, if a paragraph immediately follows the part
title then it is not indented. To get an indent you can use the package
-<samp>indentfirst</samp>.
+<code>indentfirst</code>.
</p>
<span id="index-package_002c-titlesec-1"></span>
<span id="index-titlesec-package-1"></span>
-<p>One package to change the behavior of <code>\part</code> is <samp>titlesec</samp>.
+<p>One package to change the behavior of <code>\part</code> is <code>titlesec</code>.
See its documentation on CTAN.
</p>
@@ -4451,7 +4448,7 @@
<p>The paragraph that follows the chapter title is not indented, as is a
standard typographical practice. To get an indent use the package
-<samp>indentfirst</samp>.
+<code>indentfirst</code>.
</p>
<p>You can change what is shown for the chapter number. To change it to
something like ‘<samp>Lecture 1</samp>’, put in the preamble either
@@ -4468,7 +4465,7 @@
<span id="index-babel-package"></span>
<p>To make this change because of the primary language for
-the document, see the package <samp>babel</samp>.
+the document, see the package <code>babel</code>.
</p>
<p>In a two-sided document LaTeX puts a chapter on odd-numbered page, if
necessary leaving an even-numbered page that is blank except for any
@@ -4481,7 +4478,7 @@
<p>To change the behavior of the <code>\chapter</code> command, you can copy its
definition from the LaTeX format file and make adjustments. But
there are also many packages on CTAN that address this. One is
-<samp>titlesec</samp>. See its documentation, but the example below gives a
+<code>titlesec</code>. See its documentation, but the example below gives a
sense of what it can do.
</p>
<div class="example">
@@ -4578,7 +4575,7 @@
<p>The paragraph that follows the section title is not indented, as is a
standard typographical practice. One way to get an indent is to use the
-package <samp>indentfirst</samp>.
+package <code>indentfirst</code>.
</p>
<span id="index-package_002c-titlesec-3"></span>
<span id="index-titlesec-package-3"></span>
@@ -4586,7 +4583,7 @@
<p>In general, to change the behavior of the <code>\section</code> command, there
are a number of options. One is the <code>\@startsection</code> command
(see <a href="#g_t_005c_0040startsection">\@startsection</a>). There are also many packages on CTAN that
-address this, including <samp>titlesec</samp>. See the documentation but the
+address this, including <code>titlesec</code>. See the documentation but the
example below gives a sense of what they can do.
</p>
<div class="example">
@@ -4668,7 +4665,7 @@
<p>The paragraph that follows the subsection title is not indented, as is a
standard typographical practice. One way to get an indent is to use the
-package <samp>indentfirst</samp>.
+package <code>indentfirst</code>.
</p>
<span id="index-package_002c-titlesec-4"></span>
<span id="index-titlesec-package-4"></span>
@@ -4676,7 +4673,7 @@
<p>There are a number of ways to change the behavior of the
<code>\subsection</code> command. One is the <code>\@startsection</code> command
(see <a href="#g_t_005c_0040startsection">\@startsection</a>). There are also many packages on CTAN that
-address this, including <samp>titlesec</samp>. See the documentation but the
+address this, including <code>titlesec</code>. See the documentation but the
example below gives a sense of what they can do.
</p>
<div class="example">
@@ -4774,7 +4771,7 @@
<p>The paragraph that follows the subsubsection title is not indented, as is a
standard typographical practice. One way to get an indent is to use the
-package <samp>indentfirst</samp>.
+package <code>indentfirst</code>.
</p>
<span id="index-package_002c-titlesec-5"></span>
<span id="index-titlesec-package-5"></span>
@@ -4782,7 +4779,7 @@
<p>There are a number of ways to change the behavior of the these commands.
One is the <code>\@startsection</code> command (see <a href="#g_t_005c_0040startsection">\@startsection</a>).
There are also many packages on CTAN that address this, including
-<samp>titlesec</samp>. See the documentation on CTAN.
+<code>titlesec</code>. See the documentation on CTAN.
</p>
<hr>
@@ -4829,7 +4826,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-appendix"></span>
<span id="index-appendix-package"></span>
-<p>The <samp>appendix</samp> package adds the command
+<p>The <code>appendix</code> package adds the command
<code>\appendixpage</code> to put a separate ‘<samp>Appendices</samp>’ in the document
body before the first appendix, and the command <code>\addappheadtotoc</code>
to do the same in the table of contents. You can reset the name
@@ -4911,7 +4908,7 @@
<p>Used to help redefine the behavior of commands that start sectioning
divisions such as <code>\section</code> or <code>\subsection</code>.
</p>
-<p>Note that the <samp>titlesec</samp> package makes manipulation of sectioning
+<p>Note that the <code>titlesec</code> package makes manipulation of sectioning
easier. Further, while most requirements for sectioning commands can be
satisfied with <code>\@startsection</code>, some cannot. For instance, in
the standard LaTeX <code>book</code> and <code>report</code> classes the commands
@@ -5358,7 +5355,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-cleveref-1"></span>
<span id="index-cleveref-package-1"></span>
-<p>The <samp>cleveref</samp> package includes text such as ‘<samp>Theorem</samp>’ in the
+<p>The <code>cleveref</code> package includes text such as ‘<samp>Theorem</samp>’ in the
reference. See the documentation on CTAN.
</p>
@@ -5631,10 +5628,10 @@
</pre></div>
<p>Produce a mathematical array. This environment can only be used in math
-mode, and normally appears within a displayed mathematics environment
-such as <code>equation</code> (see <a href="#equation">equation</a>). Inside of each row the
-column entries are separated by an ampersand, (<code>&</code>). Rows are
-terminated with double-backslashes (see <a href="#g_t_005c_005c">\\</a>).
+mode (see <a href="#Modes">Modes</a>), and normally appears within a displayed
+mathematics environment such as <code>equation</code> (see <a href="#equation">equation</a>).
+Inside of each row the column entries are separated by an ampersand,
+(<code>&</code>). Rows are terminated with double-backslashes (see <a href="#g_t_005c_005c">\\</a>).
</p>
<p>This example shows a three by three array.
</p>
@@ -5661,7 +5658,7 @@
</p>
<p>There are two ways that <code>array</code> diverges from <code>tabular</code>. The
first is that <code>array</code> entries are typeset in math mode, in
-textstyle (see <a href="#Modes">Modes</a>) except if the <var>cols</var> definition specifies
+textstyle (see <a href="#Math-styles">Math styles</a>) except if the <var>cols</var> definition specifies
the column with <code>p{...}</code>, which causes the entry to be typeset in
text mode. The second is that, instead of <code>tabular</code>’s parameter
<code>\tabcolsep</code>, LaTeX’s intercolumn space in an <code>array</code> is
@@ -5674,7 +5671,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-amsmath"></span>
<span id="index-amsmath-package"></span>
-<p>To obtain arrays with braces the standard is to use the <samp>amsmath</samp>
+<p>To obtain arrays with braces the standard is to use the <code>amsmath</code>
package. It comes with environments <code>pmatrix</code> for an array
surrounded by parentheses <code>(...)</code>, <code>bmatrix</code> for an array
surrounded by square brackets <code>[...]</code>, <code>Bmatrix</code> for an
@@ -5686,7 +5683,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-amsmath-1"></span>
<span id="index-amsmath-package-1"></span>
-<p>The next example uses the <samp>amsmath</samp> package.
+<p>The next example uses the <code>amsmath</code> package.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">\usepackage{amsmath} % in preamble
@@ -5699,14 +5696,14 @@
\end{equation}
</pre></div>
-<span id="index-package_002c-array-_0028package_0029"></span>
-<span id="index-array-_0028package_0029-package"></span>
+<span id="index-package_002c-array"></span>
+<span id="index-array-package"></span>
<span id="index-package_002c-dcolumn"></span>
<span id="index-dcolumn-package"></span>
-<p>There are many packages concerning arrays. The <samp>array</samp> package has
-many useful extensions, including more column types. The <samp>dcolumn</samp>
+<p>There are many packages concerning arrays. The <code>array</code> package has
+many useful extensions, including more column types. The <code>dcolumn</code>
package adds a column type to center on a decimal point. For both see
the documentation on CTAN.
</p>
@@ -5904,7 +5901,7 @@
</p>
<p>For information about list layout parameters, including the default
values, and for information about customizing list layout, see
-<a href="#list">list</a>. The package <samp>enumitem</samp> is useful for customizing
+<a href="#list">list</a>. The package <code>enumitem</code> is useful for customizing
lists.
</p>
<p>This example changes the description labels to small caps.
@@ -5947,7 +5944,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-amsmath-2"></span>
<span id="index-amsmath-package-2"></span>
-<p>Note that the <samp>amsmath</samp> package has significantly more extensive
+<p>Note that the <code>amsmath</code> package has significantly more extensive
displayed equation facilities. For example, there are a number of
ways in that package for having math text broken across lines.
</p>
@@ -6124,7 +6121,7 @@
<p>For other major LaTeX labeled list environments, see
<a href="#description">description</a> and <a href="#itemize">itemize</a>. For information about list layout
parameters, including the default values, and for information about
-customizing list layout, see <a href="#list">list</a>. The package <samp>enumitem</samp> is
+customizing list layout, see <a href="#list">list</a>. The package <code>enumitem</code> is
useful for customizing lists.
</p>
<span id="index-_005clabelenumi"></span>
@@ -6169,7 +6166,7 @@
including spacing that is inconsistent with other mathematics elements.
(See “Avoid eqnarray!” by Lars Madsen
<a href="https://tug.org/TUGboat/tb33-1/tb103madsen.pdf">https://tug.org/TUGboat/tb33-1/tb103madsen.pdf</a>). New documents
-should include the <samp>amsmath</samp> package and use the displayed
+should include the <code>amsmath</code> package and use the displayed
mathematics environments provided there, such as the <code>align</code>
environment. We include a description only for completeness and for
working with old documents.
@@ -6260,7 +6257,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-amsmath-3"></span>
<span id="index-amsmath-package-3"></span>
-<p>The package <samp>amsmath</samp> package has extensive displayed equation
+<p>The package <code>amsmath</code> package has extensive displayed equation
facilities. New documents should include this package.
</p>
@@ -6661,7 +6658,7 @@
\end{itemize}
</pre></div>
-<p>With the default locale—without loading e.g. <samp>babel</samp> package
+<p>With the default locale—without loading e.g. <code>babel</code> package
with another language than USenglish—as a top-level list each label
would come out as a bullet, •. The format of the labeling
depends on the nesting level; see below.
@@ -6727,7 +6724,7 @@
<code>enumerate</code> and <code>description</code> environment use the same list
layout parameters. For a description, including the default values, and
for information about customizing list layout, see <a href="#list">list</a>. The
-package <samp>enumitem</samp> is useful for customizing lists.
+package <code>enumitem</code> is useful for customizing lists.
</p>
<p>This example greatly reduces the margin space for outermost itemized
lists.
@@ -7796,7 +7793,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-graphpap"></span>
<span id="index-graphpap-package"></span>
-<p>Draw a coordinate grid. Requires the <samp>graphpap</samp> package.
+<p>Draw a coordinate grid. Requires the <code>graphpap</code> package.
The grid’s origin is <code>(<var>x_init</var>,<var>y_init</var>)</code>.
Grid lines come every <var>spacing</var> units (the default is 10).
The grid extends <var>x_dimen</var> units to the right and <var>y_dimen</var> units up.
@@ -7861,10 +7858,9 @@
<p>If <var>travel</var> is negative then you get <code>LaTeX Error: Bad \line or
\vector argument.</code>
</p>
-<span id="index-pict2e-package"></span>
<span id="index-graphics-packages"></span>
<span id="index-package_002c-pict2e"></span>
-<span id="index-pict2e-package-1"></span>
+<span id="index-pict2e-package"></span>
<span id="index-package_002c-TikZ"></span>
<span id="index-TikZ-package"></span>
@@ -7886,7 +7882,7 @@
(4,2) (if you choose the latter then instead of lines you get sequences
of arrowheads; the solution is to switch to the former). To get lines
of arbitrary slope and plenty of other shapes in a system like
-<code>picture</code>, see the package <samp>pict2e</samp>
+<code>picture</code>, see the package <code>pict2e</code>
(<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/pict2e">https://ctan.org/pkg/pict2e</a>). Another solution
is to use a full-featured graphics system such as TikZ, PSTricks,
MetaPost, or Asymptote.
@@ -7911,7 +7907,7 @@
picture to be <var>dim</var>, which must be a positive length
(see <a href="#Lengths">Lengths</a>). It differs from <code>\thinlines</code> and
<code>\thicklines</code> in that it does not affect the thickness of slanted
-lines, circles, or ovals.
+lines, circles, or ovals (see <a href="#g_t_005coval">\oval</a>).
</p>
<hr>
@@ -7941,7 +7937,7 @@
<p>Declaration to set the thickness of subsequent lines, circles, and ovals
in a picture environment to be 0.8pt. See also
<a href="#g_t_005clinethickness">\linethickness</a> and <a href="#g_t_005cthinlines">\thinlines</a>. This command is illustrated
-in the Trapezoidal Rule example of <a href="#picture">picture</a>.
+in the Trapezoidal Rule example of <a href="#g_t_005cqbezier">\qbezier</a>.
</p>
<hr>
@@ -7990,9 +7986,10 @@
\oval(<var>width</var>,<var>height</var>)[<var>portion</var>]
</pre></div>
-<p>Produce a rectangle with rounded corners. The optional argument
-<var>portion</var> allows you to produce only half or a quarter of the oval.
-For half an oval take <var>portion</var> to be one of these.
+<p>Produce a rectangle with rounded corners, hereinafter referred to as an
+<em>oval</em>. The optional argument <var>portion</var> allows you to produce
+only half or a quarter of the oval. For half an oval take <var>portion</var>
+to be one of these.
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt><code>t</code></dt>
@@ -8024,7 +8021,7 @@
<p>These shapes are not ellipses. They are rectangles whose corners are
made with quarter circles. These circles have a maximum radius of
20pt (see <a href="#g_t_005ccircle">\circle</a> for the sizes). Thus large ovals are just
-boxes with a small amount of corner rounding.
+frames with a small amount of corner rounding.
</p>
<hr>
@@ -8044,18 +8041,22 @@
<p>Produce a vertical stack of objects.
</p>
-<p>This labels the <em>y</em> axis.
+<p>This labels the <em>y</em> axis by writing the word ‘<samp><em>y</em></samp>’ above
+the word ‘<samp>axis</samp>’.
</p>
<div class="example">
-<pre class="example">\put(0,0){\vector(1,0){4}} % x axis
-\put(0,0){\vector(0,1){2}} % y
-\put(-0.25,2){\makebox[0][r]{\shortstack[r]{$y$\\ axis}}}
+<pre class="example">\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}
+\begin{picture}(5,2.5)(-0.75,0)
+ \put(0,0){\vector(1,0){4}} % x axis
+ \put(0,0){\vector(0,1){2}} % y
+ \put(-0.2,2){\makebox(0,0)[r]{\shortstack[r]{$y$\\ axis}}}
+\end{picture}
</pre></div>
<p>For a short stack, the reference point is the lower left of the stack.
-In the above example the <a href="#g_t_005cmbox-_0026-_005cmakebox">\mbox & \makebox</a> puts the stack flush
-right in a zero width box so in total the short stack sits slightly to
-the left of the <em>y</em> axis.
+In the above example the <code>\makebox</code> (see <a href="#g_t_005cmbox-_0026-_005cmakebox">\mbox & \makebox</a>) puts
+the stack flush right in a zero width box so in total the short stack
+sits slightly to the left of the <em>y</em> axis.
</p>
<p>The valid positions are:
</p>
@@ -8074,11 +8075,13 @@
<span id="index-_005c_005c-_0028for-_005cshortstack-objects_0029"></span>
<p>Separate objects into lines with <code>\\</code>. These stacks are short in
that, unlike in a <code>tabular</code> or <code>array</code> environment, here the
-rows are not spaced out to be of even heights. Thus, in
+rows are not spaced out to be of even baseline skips. Thus, in
<code>\shortstack{X\\o\\o\\X}</code> the first and last rows are taller than
-the middle two. You can adjust row heights either by putting in the
-usual interline spacing with <code>\shortstack{X\\ \strut o\\o\\X}</code>,
-or by hand, via an explicit zero-width box <code>\shortstack{X \\
+the middle two, and therefore the baseline skip between the two middle
+rows is smaller than that between the third and last row. You can
+adjust row heights and depths either by putting in the usual interline
+spacing with <code>\shortstack{X\\ \strut o\\o\\X}</code> (see <a href="#g_t_005cstrut">\strut</a>),
+or explicitly, via an zero-width box <code>\shortstack{X \\
\rule{0pt}{12pt} o\\o\\X}</code> or by using <code>\\</code>’s optional
argument <code>\shortstack{X\\[2pt] o\\o\\X}</code>.
</p>
@@ -9161,7 +9164,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-babel-1"></span>
<span id="index-babel-package-1"></span>
-<p>Language support packages such as <samp>babel</samp> will automatically
+<p>Language support packages such as <code>babel</code> will automatically
redefine <code>\refname</code> or <code>\bibname</code> to fit the selected
language.
</p>
@@ -9674,7 +9677,7 @@
<span id="index-minted-package-2"></span>
<p>For computer code there are many packages with advantages over
-<code>\verb</code>. One is <samp>listings</samp>, another is <samp>minted</samp>.
+<code>\verb</code>. One is <code>listings</code>, another is <code>minted</code>.
</p>
<span id="index-package_002c-cprotect-1"></span>
<span id="index-cprotect-package-1"></span>
@@ -10650,7 +10653,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-hyperref"></span>
<span id="index-hyperref-package"></span>
-<p>This example accomplishes the same by using the package <samp>cleveref</samp>.
+<p>This example accomplishes the same by using the package <code>cleveref</code>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">\usepackage{cleveref}[2012/02/15] % in preamble
@@ -10664,7 +10667,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-hyperref-1"></span>
<span id="index-hyperref-package-1"></span>
-<p>It will work with the package <samp>hyperref</samp>.
+<p>It will work with the package <code>hyperref</code>.
</p>
<hr>
@@ -10821,7 +10824,7 @@
<p>Particularly in the humanities, authors can have multiple classes of
footnotes, including having footnotes of footnotes. The package
-<samp>bigfoot</samp> extends LaTeX’s default footnote mechanism in many
+<code>bigfoot</code> extends LaTeX’s default footnote mechanism in many
ways, including allow these two, as in this example.
</p>
<div class="example">
@@ -11276,11 +11279,11 @@
<span id="index-xparse-package-1"></span>
<p>There are two alternative ways to accomplish the work of
-<code>\@ifstar</code>. (1) The <samp>suffix</samp> package allows the
+<code>\@ifstar</code>. (1) The <code>suffix</code> package allows the
construct <code>\newcommand\mycommand{<var>unstarred-variant</var>}</code>
followed by
<code>\WithSuffix\newcommand\mycommand*{<var>starred-variant</var>}</code>.
-(2) LaTeX provides the <samp>xparse</samp> package, which allows
+(2) LaTeX provides the <code>xparse</code> package, which allows
this code:
</p>
<div class="example">
@@ -11991,7 +11994,7 @@
‘<samp>summers</samp>’. (Many authors instead instead use a backslash-space
<code>\ </code> for this. See <a href="#g_t_005c_0028SPACE_0029">\(SPACE)</a>.)
</p>
-<p>The <samp>xspace</samp> package provides <code>\xspace</code>. It is for writing
+<p>The <code>xspace</code> package provides <code>\xspace</code>. It is for writing
commands which are designed to be used mainly in text. It must be place
at the very end of the definition of these commands. It inserts a space
after that command unless what immediately follows is in a list of
@@ -13457,8 +13460,8 @@
<p>The American Mathematical Society has made freely available a set of
packages that greatly expand your options for writing mathematics,
-<samp>amsmath</samp> and <samp>amssymb</samp> (also be aware of the <samp>mathtools</samp>
-package that is an extension to, and loads, <samp>amsmath</samp>). New
+<code>amsmath</code> and <samp>amssymb</samp> (also be aware of the <code>mathtools</code>
+package that is an extension to, and loads, <code>amsmath</code>). New
documents that will have mathematical text should use these packages.
Descriptions of these packages is outside the scope of this document;
see their documentation on CTAN.
@@ -13568,7 +13571,7 @@
<p>A common reason to want subscripts outside of a mathematics mode is to
typeset chemical formulas. There are packages for that, such as
-<samp>mhchem</samp>; see CTAN.
+<code>mhchem</code>; see CTAN.
</p>
<hr>
@@ -14587,7 +14590,7 @@
</dt>
<dd><p>ℜ Real part, real numbers, cursive capital R (ordinary). Related:
double-line, or blackboard bold, R <code>\mathbb{R}</code>; to access
-this, load the <samp>amsfonts</samp> package.
+this, load the <code>amsfonts</code> package.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>\restriction</code>
@@ -15050,7 +15053,7 @@
<span id="index-_005cVert"></span>
</dt>
<dd><p>‖ Vertical double bar (ordinary). See <a href="#Delimiters">Delimiters</a>,
-for how to use the <samp>mathtools</samp> package to create flexibly-sized
+for how to use the <code>mathtools</code> package to create flexibly-sized
norm symbols.
</p>
</dd>
@@ -15059,7 +15062,7 @@
</dt>
<dd><p>| Single line vertical bar (ordinary). For “such
that”, as in the definition of a set, use <code>\mid</code> because it
-is a relation. See <a href="#Delimiters">Delimiters</a>, for how to use the <samp>mathtools</samp>
+is a relation. See <a href="#Delimiters">Delimiters</a>, for how to use the <code>mathtools</code>
package to create flexibly-sized absolute-value symbols.
</p>
</dd>
@@ -15175,7 +15178,7 @@
<span id="index-latexsym-package"></span>
<p>These are the arrows that come with standard LaTeX. The
-<samp>latexsym</samp> and <samp>amsfonts</samp> packages contain many more.
+<code>latexsym</code> and <code>amsfonts</code> packages contain many more.
</p>
<table>
<thead><tr><th width="10%">Symbol</th><th width="40%">Command</th><th width="50%"></th></tr></thead>
@@ -15217,7 +15220,7 @@
<span id="index-tikz_002dcd-package"></span>
<p>For commutative diagrams there are a number of packages, including
-<samp>tikz-cd</samp> and <samp>amscd</samp>.
+<code>tikz-cd</code> and <code>amscd</code>.
</p>
<hr>
@@ -15273,7 +15276,7 @@
<span id="index-bm-package"></span>
<p>There are many issues with <code>\boldmath</code>. New documents should use
-the <samp>bm</samp> package provided by the LaTeX Project team. A complete
+the <code>bm</code> package provided by the LaTeX Project team. A complete
description is outside the scope of this document (see the full
documentation on CTAN) but even this small example
</p>
@@ -15402,7 +15405,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-mathtools-1"></span>
<span id="index-mathtools-package-1"></span>
-<p>The <samp>mathtools</samp> package allows you to create commands for paired
+<p>The <code>mathtools</code> package allows you to create commands for paired
delimiters. For instance, if you put
<code>\DeclarePairedDelimiter\abs{\lvert}{\rvert}</code> in your preamble
then you get two commands for single-line vertical bars (they only work
@@ -15489,8 +15492,8 @@
</pre></div>
<p>Note that to get a curly brace as a delimiter you must prefix it with a
-backslash, <code>\{</code>. (The packages <samp>amsmath</samp> and
-<samp>mathtools</samp> allow you to get the above construct through in a
+backslash, <code>\{</code>. (The packages <code>amsmath</code> and
+<code>mathtools</code> allow you to get the above construct through in a
<code>cases</code> environment.)
</p>
<p>The <code>\left ... \right</code> pair make a group. One consequence is that
@@ -15658,7 +15661,7 @@
<span id="index-amsmath-package-7"></span>
<p>(many authors would replace <code>\frac</code> with the <code>\tfrac</code> command
-from the <samp>amsmath</samp> package), and as with this larger slash.
+from the <code>amsmath</code> package), and as with this larger slash.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">\begin{equation}
@@ -15733,7 +15736,7 @@
</dt>
<dd><p>Ellipsis on the baseline, …. Used as: <code>\(
x_0,\ldots x_{n-1} \)</code>. Another example is the above array example. A
-synonym is <code>\mathellipsis</code>. A synonym from the <samp>amsmath</samp>
+synonym is <code>\mathellipsis</code>. A synonym from the <code>amsmath</code>
package is <code>\hdots</code>.
</p>
<p>You can also use this command outside of mathematical text, as in
@@ -15753,7 +15756,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-amsmath-8"></span>
<span id="index-amsmath-package-8"></span>
-<p>The <samp>amsmath</samp> package has the command <code>\dots</code> to semantically
+<p>The <code>amsmath</code> package has the command <code>\dots</code> to semantically
mark up ellipses. This example produces two different-looking outputs
for the first two uses of the <code>\dots</code> command.
</p>
@@ -15822,7 +15825,7 @@
<p>For omicron, if you are using LaTeX’s default Computer Modern font
then enter omicron just as ‘<samp>o</samp>’ or ‘<samp>O</samp>’. If you like having the
name or if your font shows a difference then you can use something like
-<code>\newcommand\omicron{o}</code>. The package <samp>unicode-math</samp> has
+<code>\newcommand\omicron{o}</code>. The package <code>unicode-math</code> has
<code>\upomicron</code> for upright omicron and <code>\mitomicron</code> for math
italic.
</p>
@@ -16053,7 +16056,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-amsmath-9"></span>
<span id="index-amsmath-package-9"></span>
-<p>The <samp>amsmath</samp> package adds improvements on some of these, and also
+<p>The <code>amsmath</code> package adds improvements on some of these, and also
allows you to define your own. The full documentation is on CTAN, but
briefly, you can define an identity operator with
<code>\DeclareMathOperator{\identity}{id}</code> that is like the ones
@@ -16202,7 +16205,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-ulem"></span>
<span id="index-ulem-package"></span>
-<p>Note that the package <samp>ulem</samp> does text mode underlining and allows
+<p>Note that the package <code>ulem</code> does text mode underlining and allows
line breaking as well as a number of other features. See the
documentation on CTAN. See also <a href="#g_t_005chrulefill-_0026-_005cdotfill">\hrulefill & \dotfill</a> for
producing a line, for such things as a signature.
@@ -16248,7 +16251,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-mathtools-3"></span>
<span id="index-mathtools-package-3"></span>
-<p>The package <samp>mathtools</samp> adds an over- and underbrace, as well as
+<p>The package <code>mathtools</code> adds an over- and underbrace, as well as
some improvements on the braces. See the documentation on CTAN.
</p>
@@ -16290,14 +16293,14 @@
<span id="index-amsmath-package-10"></span>
<p>Synonym: <code>\thickspace</code>. Normally <code>5.0mu plus 5.0mu</code>. With
-the <samp>amsmath</samp> package, or as of the 2020-10-01 LaTeX release,
+the <code>amsmath</code> package, or as of the 2020-10-01 LaTeX release,
can be used in text mode as well as math mode; otherwise, in math mode
only.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>\negthickspace</code></dt>
<dd><span id="index-_005cnegthickspace"></span>
-<p>Normally <code>-5.0mu plus 2.0mu minus 4.0mu</code>. With the <samp>amsmath</samp>
+<p>Normally <code>-5.0mu plus 2.0mu minus 4.0mu</code>. With the <code>amsmath</code>
package, or as of the 2020-10-01 LaTeX release, can be used in text
mode as well as math mode; otherwise, in math mode only.
</p>
@@ -16308,14 +16311,14 @@
<span id="index-_005c_003e-1"></span>
<span id="index-_005cmedspace"></span>
<span id="spacing-in-math-mode-medspace"></span><p>Synonym: <code>\medspace</code>. Normally <code>4.0mu plus 2.0mu minus
-4.0mu</code>. With the <samp>amsmath</samp> package, or as of the 2020-10-01
+4.0mu</code>. With the <code>amsmath</code> package, or as of the 2020-10-01
LaTeX release, can be used in text mode as well as math mode; before
that, in math mode only.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>\negmedspace</code></dt>
<dd><span id="index-_005cnegmedspace"></span>
-<p>Normally <code>-4.0mu plus 2.0mu minus 4.0mu</code>. With the <samp>amsmath</samp>
+<p>Normally <code>-4.0mu plus 2.0mu minus 4.0mu</code>. With the <code>amsmath</code>
package, or as of the 2020-10-01 LaTeX release, can be used in text
mode as well as math mode; before that, in math mode only.
</p>
@@ -16344,7 +16347,7 @@
<span id="index-_005cnegthinspace"></span>
<span id="index-thin-space_002c-negative"></span>
<span id="spacing-in-math-mode-negthinspace"></span><p>Synonym: <code>\negthinspace</code>. A negative thin space. Normally
-<code>-3mu</code>. With the <samp>amsmath</samp> package, or as of the 2020-10-01
+<code>-3mu</code>. With the <code>amsmath</code> package, or as of the 2020-10-01
LaTeX release, can be used in text mode as well as math mode;
otherwise, the <code>\!</code> command is math mode only but the
<code>\negthinspace</code> command has always also worked in text mode
@@ -16532,7 +16535,7 @@
convenient, including <code>\makebox</code> (see <a href="#g_t_005cmbox-_0026-_005cmakebox">\mbox & \makebox</a>) as well
as <code>\settodepth</code> (see <a href="#g_t_005csettodepth">\settodepth</a>), <code>\settoheight</code>
(see <a href="#g_t_005csettoheight">\settoheight</a>), and <code>\settowidth</code> (see <a href="#g_t_005csettowidth">\settowidth</a>).
-In addition, the <samp>mathtools</samp> package has many commands that offer
+In addition, the <code>mathtools</code> package has many commands that offer
fine-grained control over spacing.
</p>
<span id="index-package_002c-amsmath-11"></span>
@@ -16541,7 +16544,7 @@
<p>All three commands produce an ordinary box, without any special
mathematics status. So to do something like attaching a superscript you
should give it such a status, for example with the <code>\operatorname</code>
-command from the package <samp>amsmath</samp>.
+command from the package <code>amsmath</code>.
</p>
<p>While most often used in mathematics, these three can appear in other
contexts. However, they don’t cause LaTeX to change into horizontal
@@ -16737,7 +16740,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-amsmath-13"></span>
<span id="index-amsmath-package-13"></span>
-<p>But the widely-used <samp>amsmath</samp> package defines <code>\colon</code> for use
+<p>But the widely-used <code>amsmath</code> package defines <code>\colon</code> for use
in the definition of functions <code>f\colon D\to C</code>. So if you want
the colon character as a punctuation then use <code>\mathpunct{:}</code>.
</p>
@@ -16976,7 +16979,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-fancyhdr"></span>
<span id="index-fancyhdr-package"></span>
-<p>The package <samp>fancyhdr</samp> is very helpful for constructing page
+<p>The package <code>fancyhdr</code> is very helpful for constructing page
styles. See its documentation on CTAN.
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
@@ -17161,7 +17164,7 @@
<span id="index-hyperref-package-2"></span>
<p>LaTeX does not output a page number, although it
does get reset. References to that page also are blank. (This does not
-work with the popular package <samp>hyperref</samp> so to have the page number
+work with the popular package <code>hyperref</code> so to have the page number
not appear you may want to instead use <code>\pagestyle{empty}</code> or
<code>\thispagestyle{empty}</code>.)
</p>
@@ -17203,7 +17206,7 @@
<span id="index-fancyhdr-package-1"></span>
<p>A discussion with an example is below. Note first that the package
-<samp>fancyhdr</samp> is now the standard way to manipulate headers and
+<code>fancyhdr</code> is now the standard way to manipulate headers and
footers. New documents that need to do anything other than one of the
standard options below should use this package. See its documentation
on CTAN.
@@ -17910,7 +17913,7 @@
<span id="index-siunitx-package-1"></span>
</li><li> Between a number and its unit: <code>$745.7.8$~watts</code> (the
-<samp>siunitx</samp> package has a special facility for this) or
+<code>siunitx</code> package has a special facility for this) or
<code>144~eggs</code>. This includes between a month and day number in a date:
<code>October~12</code> or <code>12~Oct</code>. In general, in any expressions where
numbers and abbreviations or symbols are separated by a space:
@@ -17984,7 +17987,7 @@
<span id="index-amsmath-package-14"></span>
<p>LaTeX provides a variety of similar spacing commands for math mode
-(see <a href="#Spacing-in-math-mode">Spacing in math mode</a>). With the <samp>amsmath</samp> package, or as
+(see <a href="#Spacing-in-math-mode">Spacing in math mode</a>). With the <code>amsmath</code> package, or as
of the 2020-10-01 LaTeX release, they can be used in text mode as
well as math mode, including <code>\!</code> for <code>\negthinspace</code>; but
otherwise, they are available only in math mode.
@@ -18306,7 +18309,7 @@
<span id="index-Asymptote-package-1"></span>
<p>The <code>\strut</code> command is often useful in graphics, such as in
-<samp>TikZ</samp> or <samp>Asymptote</samp>. For instance, you may have a command
+<code>TikZ</code> or <code>Asymptote</code>. For instance, you may have a command
such as <code>\graphnode{<var>node-name</var>}</code> that fits a circle around
<var>node-name</var>. However, unless you are careful the <var>node-name</var>’s
‘<samp>x</samp>’ and ‘<samp>y</samp>’ will produce different-diameter circles because
@@ -18525,7 +18528,7 @@
<span id="index-adjustbox-package"></span>
<p>There are many packages on CTAN that are useful for manipulating boxes.
-One useful adjunct to the commands here is <samp>adjustbox</samp>.
+One useful adjunct to the commands here is <code>adjustbox</code>.
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmbox-_0026-_005cmakebox" accesskey="1">\mbox & \makebox</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Horizontal boxes.
@@ -18651,8 +18654,8 @@
<p>The right edge of the output ‘<samp>10 points </samp>’ (note the ending space
after ‘<samp>points</samp>’) will be just before the ‘<samp>What</samp>’. You can use
-<code>\makebox</code> similarly when making graphics, such as in <samp>TikZ</samp>
-or <samp>Asymptote</samp>, where you put the edge of the text at a known
+<code>\makebox</code> similarly when making graphics, such as in <code>TikZ</code>
+or <code>Asymptote</code>, where you put the edge of the text at a known
location, regardless of the length of that text.
</p>
<p>For boxes with frames see <a href="#g_t_005cfbox-_0026-_005cframebox">\fbox & \framebox</a>. For colors
@@ -20630,7 +20633,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-textcase"></span>
<span id="index-textcase-package"></span>
-<p>The <samp>textcase</samp> package brings some of the missing feature of the
+<p>The <code>textcase</code> package brings some of the missing feature of the
standard LaTeX commands <code>\MakeUppercase</code> and
<code>\MakeLowerCase</code>.
</p>
@@ -20638,7 +20641,7 @@
<span id="index-mfirstuc-package"></span>
<p>To uppercase only the first letter of words, you can use the package
-<samp>mfirstuc</samp>.
+<code>mfirstuc</code>.
</p>
<span id="index-package_002c-expl3-1"></span>
<span id="index-expl3-package-1"></span>
@@ -21002,7 +21005,7 @@
<span id="index-eurosym-package-1"></span>
</p>
<p>For an alternative glyph design, try the
-<samp>eurosym</samp> package; also, most fonts nowadays come with their own
+<code>eurosym</code> package; also, most fonts nowadays come with their own
Euro symbol (Unicode U+20AC).
</p>
</dd>
@@ -21224,7 +21227,7 @@
<p>LaTeX has wide support for many of the world’s scripts and
languages, provided through the core <code>babel</code> package, which
supports pdfLaTeX, XeLaTeX and LuaLaTeX. The
-<samp>polyglossia</samp> package provides similar support with the latter
+<code>polyglossia</code> package provides similar support with the latter
two engines.
</p>
<p>This section does not cover that support. It only lists the core
@@ -21669,7 +21672,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-amsthm-1"></span>
<span id="index-amsthm-package-1"></span>
-<p>The <samp>amsthm</samp> package includes this command, with a somewhat
+<p>The <code>amsthm</code> package includes this command, with a somewhat
different-looking symbol.
</p>
<p>The mandatory arguments give the horizontal <var>width</var> and vertical
@@ -21719,7 +21722,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-polyglossia-1"></span>
<span id="index-polyglossia-package-1"></span>
-<p>Multilingual packages such as <samp>babel</samp> or <samp>polyglossia</samp>, or
+<p>Multilingual packages such as <code>babel</code> or <code>polyglossia</code>, or
classes such as <samp>lettre</samp>, will localize <code>\today</code>. For example,
the following will output ‘<samp>4 juillet 1976</samp>’:
</p>
@@ -21738,7 +21741,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-datetime"></span>
<span id="index-datetime-package"></span>
-<p>A number of package on CTAN work with dates. One is <samp>datetime</samp> package
+<p>A number of package on CTAN work with dates. One is <code>datetime</code> package
which can produce a wide variety of date formats, including ISO standards.
</p>
<p>The date is not updated as the LaTeX process runs, so in principle the
@@ -22212,9 +22215,9 @@
<span id="index-tocbibbind-package"></span>
<p>CTAN has many packages for the table of contents and lists of figures
-and tables (see <a href="#CTAN">CTAN</a>). The package <samp>tocloft</samp> is convenient for
+and tables (see <a href="#CTAN">CTAN</a>). The package <code>tocloft</code> is convenient for
adjusting some aspects of the default such as spacing. And,
-<samp>tocbibbind</samp> will automatically add the bibliography, index,
+<code>tocbibbind</code> will automatically add the bibliography, index,
etc. to the table of contents.
</p>
<p>To change the header for the table of contents page, do something like
@@ -22232,7 +22235,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-polyglossia-2"></span>
<span id="index-polyglossia-package-2"></span>
-<p>Internationalization packages such as <samp>babel</samp> or <samp>polyglossia</samp>
+<p>Internationalization packages such as <code>babel</code> or <code>polyglossia</code>
will change these headers depending on the chosen base language.
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
@@ -22545,7 +22548,7 @@
<span id="index-tocloft-package-1"></span>
<p>For manipulating how the <code>\contentline</code> material is typeset, see
-the <samp>tocloft</samp> package.
+the <code>tocloft</code> package.
</p>
<span id="index-package_002c-hyperref-3"></span>
<span id="index-hyperref-package-3"></span>
@@ -22554,7 +22557,7 @@
<code>\contentsline</code> (and <code>\addcontentsline</code>) to add more
arguments, to make hyperlinks. This is the source of the error
<code>Argument of \contentsline has an extra }</code> when one adds/remove
-the use of package <samp>hyperref</samp> and a compilation was already run.
+the use of package <code>hyperref</code> and a compilation was already run.
Fix this error by deleting the <samp>.toc</samp> or <samp>.lof</samp> or <samp>.lot</samp>
file, and running LaTeX again.
</p>
@@ -22720,21 +22723,69 @@
<a href="https://ctan.org/topic/index-multi">https://ctan.org/topic/index-multi</a>.
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
-<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cindex" accesskey="1">\index</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Declare an index entry.
+<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Produce-the-index-manually" accesskey="1">Produce the index manually</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Alphabetize entries yourself.
</td></tr>
-<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#makeindex" accesskey="2">makeindex</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Alphabetize index entries.
+<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cindex" accesskey="2">\index</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Declare an index entry.
</td></tr>
-<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cprintindex" accesskey="3">\printindex</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Put the index here.
+<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#makeindex" accesskey="3">makeindex</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Alphabetize index entries automatically.
</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cprintindex" accesskey="4">\printindex</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Put the index here.
+</td></tr>
</table>
<hr>
+<span id="Produce-the-index-manually"></span><div class="header">
+<p>
+Next: <a href="#g_t_005cindex" accesskey="n" rel="next">\index</a>, Up: <a href="#Indexes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Indexes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
+</div>
+<span id="Produce-the-index-manually-1"></span><h4 class="subsection">25.2.1 Produce the index manually</h4>
+
+<span id="index-index_002c-producing-manually"></span>
+<span id="index-theindex"></span>
+
+<p>Documents that are small and static can have a manually produced index.
+This will make a separate page labeled ‘<samp>Index</samp>’, in twocolumn
+format.
+</p>
+<span id="index-environment_002c-theindex"></span>
+<span id="index-theindex-environment"></span>
+
+<div class="example">
+<pre class="example">\begin{theindex}
+\item acorn squash, 1
+\subitem maple baked, 2
+\indexspace
+\item bacon, 3
+\subitem maple baked, 4
+\end{theindex}
+</pre></div>
+
+<p>Note that the author must enter the page numbers, which is tedious and
+which will result in wrong numbers if the document changes. This is why
+in most cases automated methods such as makeindex are best.
+See <a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a>.
+</p>
+<span id="index-_005citem-4"></span>
+<span id="index-_005csubitem"></span>
+<span id="index-_005csubsubitem"></span>
+<span id="index-_005cindexspace"></span>
+<p>However we cover the commands for completeness, and because the
+automated methods are based on these commands. There are three levels
+of entries. As the example shows, a main entry uses <code>\item</code>,
+subentries use <code>\subitem</code>, and the lowest level uses
+<code>\subsubitem</code>. Blank lines between entries have no effect. The
+example above includes <code>\indexspace</code> to produce vertical space in
+the output that some index styles use before the first entry starting
+with a new letter.
+</p>
+
+<hr>
<span id="g_t_005cindex"></span><div class="header">
<p>
-Next: <a href="#makeindex" accesskey="n" rel="next">makeindex</a>, Up: <a href="#Indexes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Indexes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
+Next: <a href="#makeindex" accesskey="n" rel="next">makeindex</a>, Previous: <a href="#Produce-the-index-manually" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Produce the index manually</a>, Up: <a href="#Indexes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Indexes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
-<span id="g_t_005cindex-1"></span><h4 class="subsection">25.2.1 <code>\index</code></h4>
+<span id="g_t_005cindex-1"></span><h4 class="subsection">25.2.2 <code>\index</code></h4>
<span id="index-index-entry"></span>
<span id="index-_005cindex-1"></span>
@@ -22817,7 +22868,7 @@
function}}</code>. You can instead get ‘<samp>see also</samp>’ with <code>seealso</code>.
(The text ‘<samp>see</samp>’ is defined by <code>\seename</code>, and ‘<samp>see also</samp>’
by <code>\alsoname</code>. You can redefine these either by using an
-internationalization package such as <samp>babel</samp> or <samp>polyglossia</samp>,
+internationalization package such as <code>babel</code> or <code>polyglossia</code>,
or directly as with <code>\renewcommand{\alsoname}{Also see}</code>.)
</p>
<p>The ‘<samp>see</samp>’ feature is part of a more general functionality. After
@@ -22859,15 +22910,15 @@
‘<samp>SMC</samp>’ alphabetized into a different location than its spelling
would naturally give it.
</p>
-<p>To put a <code>!</code>, or <code>@</code>, or <code>|</code> character in an index
-entry, preceding it with a double quote, <code>"</code>. (The double quote
-gets deleted before alphabetization.)
+<p>To put a <code>!</code>, or <code>@</code>, or <code>|</code>, or <code>"</code> character in
+an index entry, escape it by preceding it with a double quote, <code>"</code>.
+(The double quote gets deleted before alphabetization.)
</p>
<span id="index-package_002c-index"></span>
<span id="index-index-package"></span>
<p>A number of packages on CTAN have additional functionality beyond that
-provided by <samp>makeidx</samp>. One is <samp>index</samp>, which allows for
+provided by <code>makeidx</code>. One is <code>index</code>, which allows for
multiple indices and contains a command
<code>\index*{<var>index-entry-string</var>}</code> that prints the
<var>index-entry-string</var> as well as indexing it.
@@ -22896,10 +22947,10 @@
<p>
Next: <a href="#g_t_005cprintindex" accesskey="n" rel="next">\printindex</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cindex" accesskey="p" rel="prev">\index</a>, Up: <a href="#Indexes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Indexes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
-<span id="makeindex-1"></span><h4 class="subsection">25.2.2 <code>makeindex</code></h4>
+<span id="makeindex-1"></span><h4 class="subsection">25.2.3 <code>makeindex</code></h4>
<span id="index-index_002c-processing"></span>
-<span id="index-makeindex"></span>
+<span id="index-makeindex_002c-program"></span>
<span id="index-makeindex-program"></span>
<span id="index-_002eind-file"></span>
<span id="index-_002eidx-file-1"></span>
@@ -22949,7 +23000,7 @@
</p>
<p>A style file consists of a list of pairs: <var>specifier</var> and
<var>attribute</var>. These can appear in the file in any order. All of the
-<var>attributes</var> are strings, except where noted. Strings are
+<var>attribute</var>s are strings, except where noted. Strings are
surrounded with double quotes, <code>"</code>, and the maximum length of a
string is 144 characters. The <code>\n</code> is for a newline and <code>\t</code>
is for a tab. Backslashes are escaped with another backslash,
@@ -22961,25 +23012,25 @@
<dt><code>preamble</code>
<span id="index-preamble"></span>
</dt>
-<dd><p>Preamble of the output file. Defines the context in which the index is
+<dd><p>Preamble of the output index file. Defines the context in which the index is
formatted. Default: <code>"\\begin{theindex}\n"</code>.
</p>
<span id="makeindex-postamble"></span></dd>
<dt><code>postamble</code>
<span id="index-postamble"></span>
</dt>
-<dd><p>Postamble of the output file. Default: <code>"\n\n\\end{theindex}\n"</code>.
+<dd><p>Postamble of the output index file. Default: <code>"\n\n\\end{theindex}\n"</code>.
</p>
<span id="makeindex-group-skip"></span></dd>
<dt><code>group_skip</code>
<span id="index-group_005fskip"></span>
</dt>
-<dd><span id="index-_005cindexspace"></span>
+<dd><span id="index-_005cindexspace-1"></span>
<p>Traditionally index items are broken into groups, typically a group for
-entries starting with ‘<samp>a</samp>’, etc. This specifier gives what is
-inserted when a new group begins. Default: <code>"\n\n \\indexspace\n"</code>
-(<code>\indexspace</code> is a command inserting a rubber length, by default
-<code>10pt plus5pt minus3pt</code>).
+entries starting with letter ‘<samp>a</samp>’, etc. This specifier gives what
+is inserted when a new group begins. Default: <code>"\n\n
+\\indexspace\n"</code> (<code>\indexspace</code> is a command inserting a rubber
+length, by default <code>10pt plus5pt minus3pt</code>).
</p>
<span id="makeindex-letheadflag"></span></dd>
<dt><code>lethead_flag</code>
@@ -23132,7 +23183,7 @@
<span id="index-xindy-program"></span>
<p>There are a number of other programs that do the job
<code>makeindex</code> does. One is <code>xindy</code>
-(https://ctan.org/pkg/xindy), which does internationalization and can
+(<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xindy">https://ctan.org/pkg/xindy</a>), which does internationalization and can
process indexes for documents marked up using LaTeX and a number of
other languages. It is written in Lisp, highly configurable, both in
markup terms and in terms of the collating order of the text, as
@@ -23148,7 +23199,7 @@
<p>
Previous: <a href="#makeindex" accesskey="p" rel="prev">makeindex</a>, Up: <a href="#Indexes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Indexes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
-<span id="g_t_005cprintindex-1"></span><h4 class="subsection">25.2.3 <code>\printindex</code></h4>
+<span id="g_t_005cprintindex-1"></span><h4 class="subsection">25.2.4 <code>\printindex</code></h4>
<span id="index-index_002c-printing"></span>
<span id="index-_005cprintindex"></span>
@@ -23171,6 +23222,8 @@
discussion and an example of the use of <code>\printindex</code>.
</p>
+
+
<hr>
<span id="Glossaries"></span><div class="header">
<p>
@@ -24008,7 +24061,7 @@
<span id="index-mail-merges"></span>
<p>A common reason to want to read from a data file is to do mail merges.
-CTAN has a number of packages for that; one is <samp>datatool</samp>.
+CTAN has a number of packages for that; one is <code>datatool</code>.
</p>
<hr>
@@ -24267,7 +24320,7 @@
<p>A common case where authors need to write their own file is for
answers to exercises, or another situation where you want to write
out verbatim, without expanding the macros. CTAN has a number of
-packages for this; one is <samp>answers</samp>.
+packages for this; one is <code>answers</code>.
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cwrite-and-security" accesskey="1">\write and security</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Security.
@@ -24462,7 +24515,7 @@
</p>
<p>You sometimes need to do a multi-step process to get the information
that you want. This will insert into the input a list of all PDF files
-in the current directory (but see <samp>texosquery</samp> below):
+in the current directory (but see <code>texosquery</code> below):
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">\immediate\write18{ls *.pdf > tmp.dat}
@@ -24509,7 +24562,7 @@
<span id="index-directory-listings_002c-from-system"></span>
<p>If what you need is system information, such as the operating system
name, locale information, or directory contents, take a look at the
-<samp>texosquery</samp> package, which provides a convenient and secure
+<code>texosquery</code> package, which provides a convenient and secure
interface for this, unlike the above examples using the raw
<code>\write18</code>: <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/texosquery">https://ctan.org/pkg/texosquery</a>.
</p>
@@ -24750,7 +24803,7 @@
<span id="index-package_002c-hyperref-4"></span>
<span id="index-hyperref-package-4"></span>
<p>For example, this file (which uses the
-<samp>hyperref</samp> package for hyperlinks) can produce two kinds of
+<code>hyperref</code> package for hyperlinks) can produce two kinds of
output, one to be read on physical paper and one to be read online.
</p>
<div class="example">
@@ -25677,7 +25730,8 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cindex"><code>\index</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cindex-1"><code>\index</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cindex">\index</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cindexentry"><code>\indexentry</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cindex">\index</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cindexspace"><code>\indexspace</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#makeindex">makeindex</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cindexspace"><code>\indexspace</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Produce-the-index-manually">Produce the index manually</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cindexspace-1"><code>\indexspace</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#makeindex">makeindex</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cinf"><code>\inf</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-functions">Math functions</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cinfty"><code>\infty</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cinput"><code>\input</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cinput">\input</a></td></tr>
@@ -25692,6 +25746,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005citem-1"><code>\item</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#enumerate">enumerate</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005citem-2"><code>\item</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#itemize">itemize</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005citem-3"><code>\item</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#itemize">itemize</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005citem-4"><code>\item</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Produce-the-index-manually">Produce the index manually</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005citemindent"><code>\itemindent</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#list">list</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005citemsep"><code>\itemsep</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#list">list</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005citshape"><code>\itshape</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr>
@@ -26094,12 +26149,14 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cstop"><code>\stop</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Recovering-from-errors">Recovering from errors</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cstretch"><code>\stretch</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cstretch">\stretch</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cstrut"><code>\strut</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cstrut">\strut</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csubitem"><code>\subitem</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Produce-the-index-manually">Produce the index manually</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csubparagraph"><code>\subparagraph</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Sectioning">Sectioning</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csubparagraph-1"><code>\subparagraph</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005csubsubsection-_0026-_005cparagraph-_0026-_005csubparagraph">\subsubsection & \paragraph & \subparagraph</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csubsection"><code>\subsection</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Sectioning">Sectioning</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csubsection-1"><code>\subsection</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005csubsection">\subsection</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csubset"><code>\subset</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csubseteq"><code>\subseteq</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csubsubitem"><code>\subsubitem</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Produce-the-index-manually">Produce the index manually</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csubsubsection"><code>\subsubsection</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Sectioning">Sectioning</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csubsubsection-1"><code>\subsubsection</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005csubsubsection-_0026-_005cparagraph-_0026-_005csubparagraph">\subsubsection & \paragraph & \subparagraph</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005csucc"><code>\succ</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr>
@@ -26375,8 +26432,8 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-appendix">appendix</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cappendix">\appendix</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-appendix-package"><code>appendix</code> <span class="roman">package</span></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cappendix">\appendix</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-aring">aring</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Additional-Latin-letters">Additional Latin letters</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-array-_0028package_0029-package"><code>array (package)</code> <span class="roman">package</span></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#array">array</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-array-environment"><code><code>array</code> <span class="roman">environment</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#array">array</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-array-package"><code>array</code> <span class="roman">package</span></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#array">array</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-arrays_002c-math">arrays, math</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#array">array</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-arrow_002c-left_002c-in-text">arrow, left, in text</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-arrow_002c-right_002c-in-text">arrow, right, in text</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr>
@@ -26465,6 +26522,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-calligraphic-fonts">calligraphic fonts</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Calligraphic">Calligraphic</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-calligraphic-letters-for-math">calligraphic letters for math</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cap-height">cap height</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-caption-package"><code>caption</code> <span class="roman">package</span></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005ccaption">\caption</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-captions">captions</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005ccaption">\caption</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-caron-accent">caron accent</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Accents">Accents</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-catcode">catcode</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cmakeatletter-_0026-_005cmakeatother">\makeatletter & \makeatother</a></td></tr>
@@ -26711,6 +26769,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-environment_002c-table"><code><span class="roman">environment</span>, <code>table</code></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#table">table</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-environment_002c-tabular"><code><span class="roman">environment</span>, <code>tabular</code></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabular">tabular</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-environment_002c-thebibliography"><code><span class="roman">environment</span>, <code>thebibliography</code></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#thebibliography">thebibliography</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-environment_002c-theindex"><code><span class="roman">environment</span>, <code>theindex</code></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Produce-the-index-manually">Produce the index manually</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-environment_002c-theorem"><code><span class="roman">environment</span>, <code>theorem</code></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#theorem">theorem</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-environment_002c-theorem_002dlike">environment, theorem-like</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cnewtheorem">\newtheorem</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-environment_002c-titlepage"><code><span class="roman">environment</span>, <code>titlepage</code></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#titlepage">titlepage</a></td></tr>
@@ -26917,6 +26976,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-index_002c-page-range">index, page range</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cindex">\index</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-index_002c-printing">index, printing</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cprintindex">\printindex</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-index_002c-processing">index, processing</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#makeindex">makeindex</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-index_002c-producing-manually">index, producing manually</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Produce-the-index-manually">Produce the index manually</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-index_002c-style-file"><code>index, style file</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#makeindex">makeindex</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-indexes">indexes</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-infinite-horizontal-stretch">infinite horizontal stretch</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005chfill">\hfill</a></td></tr>
@@ -27062,8 +27122,8 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-main-matter-of-a-book">main matter of a book</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cfrontmatter-_0026-_005cmainmatter-_0026-_005cbackmatter">\frontmatter & \mainmatter & \backmatter</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-make-a-box">make a box</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cmbox-_0026-_005cmakebox">\mbox & \makebox</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-makeidx-package"><code>makeidx</code> <span class="roman">package</span></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cprintindex">\printindex</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-makeindex"><code>makeindex</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#makeindex">makeindex</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-makeindex-program"><code>makeindex</code> program</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#makeindex">makeindex</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-makeindex_002c-program"><code>makeindex, <span class="roman">program</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#makeindex">makeindex</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-makeindex_002c-style-file"><code>makeindex, style file</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#makeindex">makeindex</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-making-a-title-page">making a title page</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#titlepage">titlepage</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-making-paragraphs">making paragraphs</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Making-paragraphs">Making paragraphs</a></td></tr>
@@ -27207,7 +27267,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-amsthm-1"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>amsthm</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005crule">\rule</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-answers"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>answers</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cwrite">\write</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-appendix"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>appendix</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cappendix">\appendix</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-array-_0028package_0029"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>array (package)</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#array">array</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-array"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>array</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#array">array</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-Asymptote"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>Asymptote</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cline">\line</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-Asymptote-1"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>Asymptote</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cstrut">\strut</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-Asymptote-2"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>Asymptote</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cmbox-_0026-_005cmakebox">\mbox & \makebox</a></td></tr>
@@ -27221,6 +27281,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-beamer"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>beamer</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#beamer-template">beamer template</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-bigfoot"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>bigfoot</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Footnotes-of-footnotes">Footnotes of footnotes</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-bm"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>bm</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cboldmath-_0026-_005cunboldmath">\boldmath & \unboldmath</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-caption"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>caption</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005ccaption">\caption</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-cleveref"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>cleveref</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Cross-references">Cross references</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-cleveref-1"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>cleveref</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cref">\ref</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-package_002c-cleveref-2"><span class="roman">package</span>, <code>cleveref</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cfootnotemark">\footnotemark</a></td></tr>
@@ -27364,8 +27425,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-period_002c-sentence_002dending">period, sentence-ending</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005c_0040">\@</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-period_002c-spacing-after">period, spacing after</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005c_0040">\@</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-pica">pica</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Units-of-length">Units of length</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-pict2e-package"><code>pict2e</code> package</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cline">\line</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-pict2e-package-1"><code>pict2e</code> <span class="roman">package</span></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cline">\line</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-pict2e-package"><code>pict2e</code> <span class="roman">package</span></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cline">\line</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-picture-environment"><code><code>picture</code> <span class="roman">environment</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#picture">picture</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-pictures_002c-creating">pictures, creating</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#picture">picture</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-pilcrow">pilcrow</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr>
@@ -27606,6 +27666,8 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-textcomp-package"><code>textcomp <span class="roman">package</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-thanks_002c-for-titlepage">thanks, for titlepage</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cmaketitle">\maketitle</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-thebibliography-environment"><code><code>thebibliography</code> <span class="roman">environment</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#thebibliography">thebibliography</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-theindex"><code>theindex</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Produce-the-index-manually">Produce the index manually</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-theindex-environment"><code><code>theindex</code> <span class="roman">environment</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Produce-the-index-manually">Produce the index manually</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-theorem-environment"><code><code>theorem</code> <span class="roman">environment</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#theorem">theorem</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-theorem_002dlike-environment">theorem-like environment</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cnewtheorem">\newtheorem</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-theorems_002c-defining">theorems, defining</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cnewtheorem">\newtheorem</a></td></tr>
Modified: trunk/latex2e.info
===================================================================
--- trunk/latex2e.info 2021-08-22 21:49:38 UTC (rev 994)
+++ trunk/latex2e.info 2021-08-24 19:12:47 UTC (rev 995)
@@ -2462,8 +2462,8 @@
Make a caption for a floating environment, such as a 'figure' or
'table' environment (*note figure:: or *note table::).
- In this example, LaTeX places a caption below the blank space that is
-left by the author for the later inclusion of a picture.
+ In this example, LaTeX places a caption below the vertical blank
+space that is left by the author for the later inclusion of a picture.
\begin{figure}
\vspace*{1cm}
@@ -2478,7 +2478,7 @@
In addition to placing the CAPTION-TEXT in the output, the '\caption'
command also saves that information for use in a list of figures or list
-of tables (see *note Table of contents etc.::).
+of tables (*note Table of contents etc.::).
Here the '\caption' command uses the optional SHORT-CAPTION-TEXT, so
that the shorter text appears in the list of tables, rather than the
@@ -2513,9 +2513,9 @@
'table'.
The text that will be put in the list of figures or list of tables is
-moving text. If you get the LaTeX error '! Argument of \@caption has an
-extra }' then you must put '\protect' in front of any fragile commands.
-*Note \protect::.
+moving argument. If you get the LaTeX error '! Argument of \@caption
+has an extra }' then you must put '\protect' in front of any fragile
+commands. *Note \protect::.
The 'caption' package has many options to adjust how the caption
appears, for example changing the font size, making the caption be
@@ -3620,10 +3620,10 @@
\end{array}
Produce a mathematical array. This environment can only be used in
-math mode, and normally appears within a displayed mathematics
-environment such as 'equation' (*note equation::). Inside of each row
-the column entries are separated by an ampersand, ('&'). Rows are
-terminated with double-backslashes (*note \\::).
+math mode (*note Modes::), and normally appears within a displayed
+mathematics environment such as 'equation' (*note equation::). Inside
+of each row the column entries are separated by an ampersand, ('&').
+Rows are terminated with double-backslashes (*note \\::).
This example shows a three by three array.
@@ -3647,7 +3647,7 @@
There are two ways that 'array' diverges from 'tabular'. The first
is that 'array' entries are typeset in math mode, in textstyle (*note
-Modes::) except if the COLS definition specifies the column with
+Math styles::) except if the COLS definition specifies the column with
'p{...}', which causes the entry to be typeset in text mode. The second
is that, instead of 'tabular''s parameter '\tabcolsep', LaTeX's
intercolumn space in an 'array' is governed by '\arraycolsep', which
@@ -5325,7 +5325,8 @@
Declares the thickness of subsequent horizontal and vertical lines in
a picture to be DIM, which must be a positive length (*note Lengths::).
It differs from '\thinlines' and '\thicklines' in that it does not
-affect the thickness of slanted lines, circles, or ovals.
+affect the thickness of slanted lines, circles, or ovals (*note
+\oval::).
File: latex2e.info, Node: \thinlines, Next: \thicklines, Prev: \linethickness, Up: picture
@@ -5347,7 +5348,7 @@
Declaration to set the thickness of subsequent lines, circles, and ovals
in a picture environment to be 0.8pt. See also *note \linethickness::
and *note \thinlines::. This command is illustrated in the Trapezoidal
-Rule example of *note picture::.
+Rule example of *note \qbezier::.
File: latex2e.info, Node: \circle, Next: \oval, Prev: \thicklines, Up: picture
@@ -5382,9 +5383,10 @@
\oval(WIDTH,HEIGHT)
\oval(WIDTH,HEIGHT)[PORTION]
- Produce a rectangle with rounded corners. The optional argument
-PORTION allows you to produce only half or a quarter of the oval. For
-half an oval take PORTION to be one of these.
+ Produce a rectangle with rounded corners, hereinafter referred to as
+an "oval". The optional argument PORTION allows you to produce only
+half or a quarter of the oval. For half an oval take PORTION to be one
+of these.
't'
top half
@@ -5407,8 +5409,8 @@
These shapes are not ellipses. They are rectangles whose corners are
made with quarter circles. These circles have a maximum radius of 20pt
-(*note \circle:: for the sizes). Thus large ovals are just boxes with a
-small amount of corner rounding.
+(*note \circle:: for the sizes). Thus large ovals are just frames with
+a small amount of corner rounding.
File: latex2e.info, Node: \shortstack, Next: \vector, Prev: \oval, Up: picture
@@ -5422,16 +5424,19 @@
Produce a vertical stack of objects.
- This labels the y axis.
+ This labels the y axis by writing the word 'y' above the word 'axis'.
- \put(0,0){\vector(1,0){4}} % x axis
- \put(0,0){\vector(0,1){2}} % y
- \put(-0.25,2){\makebox[0][r]{\shortstack[r]{$y$\\ axis}}}
+ \setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}
+ \begin{picture}(5,2.5)(-0.75,0)
+ \put(0,0){\vector(1,0){4}} % x axis
+ \put(0,0){\vector(0,1){2}} % y
+ \put(-0.2,2){\makebox(0,0)[r]{\shortstack[r]{$y$\\ axis}}}
+ \end{picture}
For a short stack, the reference point is the lower left of the stack.
-In the above example the *note \mbox & \makebox:: puts the stack flush
-right in a zero width box so in total the short stack sits slightly to
-the left of the y axis.
+In the above example the '\makebox' (*note \mbox & \makebox::) puts the
+stack flush right in a zero width box so in total the short stack sits
+slightly to the left of the y axis.
The valid positions are:
@@ -5444,13 +5449,14 @@
Separate objects into lines with '\\'. These stacks are short in
that, unlike in a 'tabular' or 'array' environment, here the rows are
-not spaced out to be of even heights. Thus, in
+not spaced out to be of even baseline skips. Thus, in
'\shortstack{X\\o\\o\\X}' the first and last rows are taller than the
-middle two. You can adjust row heights either by putting in the usual
-interline spacing with '\shortstack{X\\ \strut o\\o\\X}', or by hand,
-via an explicit zero-width box '\shortstack{X \\ \rule{0pt}{12pt}
-o\\o\\X}' or by using '\\''s optional argument '\shortstack{X\\[2pt]
-o\\o\\X}'.
+middle two, and therefore the baseline skip between the two middle rows
+is smaller than that between the third and last row. You can adjust row
+heights and depths either by putting in the usual interline spacing with
+'\shortstack{X\\ \strut o\\o\\X}' (*note \strut::), or explicitly, via
+an zero-width box '\shortstack{X \\ \rule{0pt}{12pt} o\\o\\X}' or by
+using '\\''s optional argument '\shortstack{X\\[2pt] o\\o\\X}'.
The '\shortstack' command is also available outside the 'picture'
environment.
@@ -15724,14 +15730,45 @@
* Menu:
+* Produce the index manually:: Alphabetize entries yourself.
* \index:: Declare an index entry.
-* makeindex:: Alphabetize index entries.
+* makeindex:: Alphabetize index entries automatically.
* \printindex:: Put the index here.
-File: latex2e.info, Node: \index, Next: makeindex, Up: Indexes
+File: latex2e.info, Node: Produce the index manually, Next: \index, Up: Indexes
-25.2.1 '\index'
+25.2.1 Produce the index manually
+---------------------------------
+
+Documents that are small and static can have a manually produced index.
+This will make a separate page labeled 'Index', in twocolumn format.
+
+ \begin{theindex}
+ \item acorn squash, 1
+ \subitem maple baked, 2
+ \indexspace
+ \item bacon, 3
+ \subitem maple baked, 4
+ \end{theindex}
+
+ Note that the author must enter the page numbers, which is tedious
+and which will result in wrong numbers if the document changes. This is
+why in most cases automated methods such as makeindex are best. *Note
+Indexes::.
+
+ However we cover the commands for completeness, and because the
+automated methods are based on these commands. There are three levels
+of entries. As the example shows, a main entry uses '\item', subentries
+use '\subitem', and the lowest level uses '\subsubitem'. Blank lines
+between entries have no effect. The example above includes
+'\indexspace' to produce vertical space in the output that some index
+styles use before the first entry starting with a new letter.
+
+
+File: latex2e.info, Node: \index, Next: makeindex, Prev: Produce the index manually, Up: Indexes
+
+25.2.2 '\index'
---------------
Synopsis:
@@ -15827,9 +15864,9 @@
produces an index entry 'SMC' alphabetized into a different location
than its spelling would naturally give it.
- To put a '!', or '@', or '|' character in an index entry, preceding
-it with a double quote, '"'. (The double quote gets deleted before
-alphabetization.)
+ To put a '!', or '@', or '|', or '"' character in an index entry,
+escape it by preceding it with a double quote, '"'. (The double quote
+gets deleted before alphabetization.)
A number of packages on CTAN have additional functionality beyond
that provided by 'makeidx'. One is 'index', which allows for multiple
@@ -15851,7 +15888,7 @@
File: latex2e.info, Node: makeindex, Next: \printindex, Prev: \index, Up: Indexes
-25.2.2 'makeindex'
+25.2.3 'makeindex'
------------------
Synopsis, one of:
@@ -15891,7 +15928,7 @@
CTAN.
A style file consists of a list of pairs: SPECIFIER and ATTRIBUTE.
-These can appear in the file in any order. All of the ATTRIBUTES are
+These can appear in the file in any order. All of the ATTRIBUTEs are
strings, except where noted. Strings are surrounded with double quotes,
'"', and the maximum length of a string is 144 characters. The '\n' is
for a newline and '\t' is for a tab. Backslashes are escaped with
@@ -15899,18 +15936,19 @@
then it is a comment.
'preamble'
- Preamble of the output file. Defines the context in which the
- index is formatted. Default: '"\\begin{theindex}\n"'.
+ Preamble of the output index file. Defines the context in which
+ the index is formatted. Default: '"\\begin{theindex}\n"'.
'postamble'
- Postamble of the output file. Default: '"\n\n\\end{theindex}\n"'.
+ Postamble of the output index file. Default:
+ '"\n\n\\end{theindex}\n"'.
'group_skip'
Traditionally index items are broken into groups, typically a group
- for entries starting with 'a', etc. This specifier gives what is
- inserted when a new group begins. Default: '"\n\n \\indexspace\n"'
- ('\indexspace' is a command inserting a rubber length, by default
- '10pt plus5pt minus3pt').
+ for entries starting with letter 'a', etc. This specifier gives
+ what is inserted when a new group begins. Default: '"\n\n
+ \\indexspace\n"' ('\indexspace' is a command inserting a rubber
+ length, by default '10pt plus5pt minus3pt').
'lethead_flag'
An integer. It governs what is inserted for a new group or letter.
@@ -16000,7 +16038,7 @@
'"rnaRA"'.
There are a number of other programs that do the job 'makeindex'
-does. One is 'xindy' (https://ctan.org/pkg/xindy), which does
+does. One is 'xindy' (<https://ctan.org/pkg/xindy>), which does
internationalization and can process indexes for documents marked up
using LaTeX and a number of other languages. It is written in Lisp,
highly configurable, both in markup terms and in terms of the collating
@@ -16012,7 +16050,7 @@
File: latex2e.info, Node: \printindex, Prev: makeindex, Up: Indexes
-25.2.3 '\printindex'
+25.2.4 '\printindex'
--------------------
Synopsis:
@@ -18034,7 +18072,9 @@
* \index: Indexes. (line 6)
* \index <1>: \index. (line 6)
* \indexentry: \index. (line 108)
-* \indexspace: makeindex. (line 58)
+* \indexspace: Produce the index manually.
+ (line 22)
+* \indexspace <1>: makeindex. (line 59)
* \inf: Math functions. (line 57)
* \infty: Math symbols. (line 271)
* \input: \input. (line 6)
@@ -18050,6 +18090,8 @@
* \item <1>: enumerate. (line 29)
* \item <2>: itemize. (line 6)
* \item <3>: itemize. (line 30)
+* \item <4>: Produce the index manually.
+ (line 22)
* \itemindent: list. (line 84)
* \itemsep: list. (line 88)
* \itshape: Font styles. (line 34)
@@ -18545,6 +18587,8 @@
(line 23)
* \stretch: \stretch. (line 6)
* \strut: \strut. (line 6)
+* \subitem: Produce the index manually.
+ (line 22)
* \subparagraph: Sectioning. (line 6)
* \subparagraph <1>: \subsubsection & \paragraph & \subparagraph.
(line 6)
@@ -18552,6 +18596,8 @@
* \subsection <1>: \subsection. (line 6)
* \subset: Math symbols. (line 688)
* \subseteq: Math symbols. (line 691)
+* \subsubitem: Produce the index manually.
+ (line 22)
* \subsubsection: Sectioning. (line 6)
* \subsubsection <1>: \subsubsection & \paragraph & \subparagraph.
(line 6)
@@ -18766,7 +18812,7 @@
* \\ (for center): center. (line 16)
* \\ (for eqnarray): eqnarray. (line 29)
* \\ (for flushright): flushright. (line 12)
-* \\ (for \shortstack objects): \shortstack. (line 32)
+* \\ (for \shortstack objects): \shortstack. (line 35)
* \\ (tabbing): tabbing. (line 66)
* \\ for flushleft: flushleft. (line 14)
* \\ for letters: Letters. (line 49)
@@ -18859,8 +18905,8 @@
* appendix package: \appendix. (line 29)
* aring: Additional Latin letters.
(line 12)
-* array (package) package: array. (line 77)
* array environment: array. (line 6)
+* array package: array. (line 77)
* arrays, math: array. (line 6)
* arrow, left, in text: Text symbols. (line 157)
* arrow, right, in text: Text symbols. (line 198)
@@ -18958,6 +19004,7 @@
* calligraphic fonts: Calligraphic. (line 6)
* calligraphic letters for math: Font styles. (line 79)
* cap height: Text symbols. (line 103)
+* caption package: \caption. (line 73)
* captions: \caption. (line 6)
* caron accent: Accents. (line 91)
* catcode: \makeatletter & \makeatother.
@@ -19120,11 +19167,11 @@
* delayed \write: \write. (line 65)
* delimiters: Delimiters. (line 6)
* delimiters, paired: \left & \right. (line 6)
-* delim_0: makeindex. (line 110)
-* delim_1: makeindex. (line 114)
-* delim_2: makeindex. (line 118)
-* delim_n: makeindex. (line 122)
-* delim_r: makeindex. (line 126)
+* delim_0: makeindex. (line 111)
+* delim_1: makeindex. (line 115)
+* delim_2: makeindex. (line 119)
+* delim_n: makeindex. (line 123)
+* delim_r: makeindex. (line 127)
* description: \newglossaryentry. (line 46)
* description environment: description. (line 6)
* description lists, creating: description. (line 6)
@@ -19241,6 +19288,8 @@
* environment, table: table. (line 6)
* environment, tabular: tabular. (line 6)
* environment, thebibliography: thebibliography. (line 6)
+* environment, theindex: Produce the index manually.
+ (line 9)
* environment, theorem: theorem. (line 6)
* environment, theorem-like: \newtheorem. (line 6)
* environment, titlepage: titlepage. (line 6)
@@ -19419,7 +19468,7 @@
* grfext package: \DeclareGraphicsExtensions.
(line 39)
* group, and environments: Environments. (line 18)
-* group_skip: makeindex. (line 57)
+* group_skip: makeindex. (line 58)
* hacek accent: Accents. (line 91)
* Halmos symbol: \rule. (line 13)
* hard space: ~. (line 6)
@@ -19472,8 +19521,8 @@
* indentfirst package <4>: \subsubsection & \paragraph & \subparagraph.
(line 61)
* indentfirst package <5>: \indent & \noindent. (line 48)
-* indent_length: makeindex. (line 138)
-* indent_space: makeindex. (line 134)
+* indent_length: makeindex. (line 139)
+* indent_space: makeindex. (line 135)
* index entries, subentries: \index. (line 26)
* index entries, 'see' and 'see also': \index. (line 58)
* index entry: \index. (line 6)
@@ -19482,6 +19531,8 @@
* index, page range: \index. (line 42)
* index, printing: \printindex. (line 6)
* index, processing: makeindex. (line 6)
+* index, producing manually: Produce the index manually.
+ (line 6)
* index, style file: makeindex. (line 18)
* indexes: Indexes. (line 6)
* infinite horizontal stretch: \hfill. (line 6)
@@ -19506,13 +19557,13 @@
* italic correction: \/. (line 6)
* italic font: Font styles. (line 82)
* itemize environment: itemize. (line 6)
-* item_0: makeindex. (line 81)
-* item_01: makeindex. (line 90)
-* item_1: makeindex. (line 84)
-* item_12: makeindex. (line 100)
-* item_2: makeindex. (line 87)
-* item_x1: makeindex. (line 94)
-* item_x2: makeindex. (line 104)
+* item_0: makeindex. (line 82)
+* item_01: makeindex. (line 91)
+* item_1: makeindex. (line 85)
+* item_12: makeindex. (line 101)
+* item_2: makeindex. (line 88)
+* item_x1: makeindex. (line 95)
+* item_x2: makeindex. (line 105)
* jobname: Command line options.
(line 43)
* jobname <1>: Jobname. (line 6)
@@ -19571,9 +19622,9 @@
* leqno option: Document class options.
(line 49)
* less than symbol, in text: Text symbols. (line 154)
-* lethead_flag: makeindex. (line 64)
-* lethead_prefix: makeindex. (line 73)
-* lethead_suffix: makeindex. (line 77)
+* lethead_flag: makeindex. (line 65)
+* lethead_prefix: makeindex. (line 74)
+* lethead_suffix: makeindex. (line 78)
* letter class: Document classes. (line 11)
* letter environment: letter. (line 6)
* letterpaper option: Document class options.
@@ -19593,7 +19644,7 @@
* line breaks, preventing: \linebreak & \nolinebreak.
(line 6)
* lines in tables: tabular. (line 6)
-* line_max: makeindex. (line 130)
+* line_max: makeindex. (line 131)
* lining numerals: Font styles. (line 133)
* lining text up in tables: tabular. (line 6)
* lining text up using tab stops: tabbing. (line 6)
@@ -19641,8 +19692,8 @@
(line 6)
* make a box: \mbox & \makebox. (line 6)
* makeidx package: \printindex. (line 12)
-* makeindex: makeindex. (line 6)
* makeindex program: makeindex. (line 6)
+* makeindex, program: makeindex. (line 6)
* makeindex, style file: makeindex. (line 18)
* making a title page: titlepage. (line 6)
* making paragraphs: Making paragraphs. (line 6)
@@ -19820,7 +19871,7 @@
* package, amsthm <1>: \rule. (line 18)
* package, answers: \write. (line 100)
* package, appendix: \appendix. (line 29)
-* package, array (package): array. (line 77)
+* package, array: array. (line 77)
* package, Asymptote: \line. (line 36)
* package, Asymptote <1>: \strut. (line 62)
* package, Asymptote <2>: \mbox & \makebox. (line 74)
@@ -19837,6 +19888,7 @@
(line 6)
* package, bm: \boldmath & \unboldmath.
(line 32)
+* package, caption: \caption. (line 73)
* package, cleveref: Cross references. (line 38)
* package, cleveref <1>: \ref. (line 29)
* package, cleveref <2>: \footnotemark. (line 48)
@@ -19968,7 +20020,7 @@
* page style, this page: \thispagestyle. (line 6)
* page styles: Page styles. (line 6)
* page, colored: Colored pages. (line 6)
-* page_precedence: makeindex. (line 143)
+* page_precedence: makeindex. (line 144)
* paired delimiters: \left & \right. (line 6)
* paragraph: Sectioning. (line 6)
* paragraph <1>: \subsubsection & \paragraph & \subparagraph.
@@ -20008,7 +20060,6 @@
* period, spacing after: \@. (line 6)
* pica: Units of length. (line 14)
* pict2e package: \line. (line 36)
-* pict2e package <1>: \line. (line 36)
* picture environment: picture. (line 6)
* pictures, creating: picture. (line 6)
* pilcrow: Text symbols. (line 47)
@@ -20280,6 +20331,10 @@
* textcomp package: Text symbols. (line 6)
* thanks, for titlepage: \maketitle. (line 57)
* thebibliography environment: thebibliography. (line 6)
+* theindex: Produce the index manually.
+ (line 6)
+* theindex environment: Produce the index manually.
+ (line 9)
* theorem environment: theorem. (line 6)
* theorem-like environment: \newtheorem. (line 6)
* theorems, defining: \newtheorem. (line 6)
@@ -20411,8 +20466,8 @@
* xelatex: TeX engines. (line 41)
* xelatex-dev: TeX engines. (line 69)
* XeTeX: TeX engines. (line 42)
-* xindex program: makeindex. (line 160)
-* xindy program: makeindex. (line 153)
+* xindex program: makeindex. (line 161)
+* xindy program: makeindex. (line 154)
* xparse package: LaTeX command syntax.
(line 37)
* xparse package <1>: \@ifstar. (line 66)
@@ -20523,448 +20578,449 @@
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+Node: \index579579
+Node: makeindex584790
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+Ref: makeindex postamble586604
+Ref: makeindex group skip586700
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+Node: book template638730
+Node: Larger book template639209
+Node: Index640751
+Ref: Command Index640837
End Tag Table
Modified: trunk/latex2e.pdf
===================================================================
(Binary files differ)
Modified: trunk/latex2e.texi
===================================================================
--- trunk/latex2e.texi 2021-08-22 21:49:38 UTC (rev 994)
+++ trunk/latex2e.texi 2021-08-24 19:12:47 UTC (rev 995)
@@ -19848,12 +19848,53 @@
@url{https://ctan.org/topic/index-multi}.
@menu
+* Produce the index manually:: Alphabetize entries yourself.
* \index:: Declare an index entry.
-* makeindex:: Alphabetize index entries.
+* makeindex:: Alphabetize index entries automatically.
* \printindex:: Put the index here.
@end menu
+ at node Produce the index manually
+ at subsection Produce the index manually
+
+ at cindex index, producing manually
+ at findex theindex
+
+Documents that are small and static can have a manually produced index.
+This will make a separate page labeled @samp{Index}, in twocolumn
+format.
+
+ at EnvIndex{theindex}
+ at example
+\begin@{theindex@}
+\item acorn squash, 1
+\subitem maple baked, 2
+\indexspace
+\item bacon, 3
+\subitem maple baked, 4
+\end@{theindex@}
+ at end example
+
+Note that the author must enter the page numbers, which is tedious and
+which will result in wrong numbers if the document changes. This is why
+in most cases automated methods such as makeindex are best.
+ at xref{Indexes}.
+
+ at findex \item
+ at findex \subitem
+ at findex \subsubitem
+ at findex \indexspace
+However we cover the commands for completeness, and because the
+automated methods are based on these commands. There are three levels
+of entries. As the example shows, a main entry uses @code{\item},
+subentries use @code{\subitem}, and the lowest level uses
+ at code{\subsubitem}. Blank lines between entries have no effect. The
+example above includes @code{\indexspace} to produce vertical space in
+the output that some index styles use before the first entry starting
+with a new letter.
+
+
@node \index
@subsection @code{\index}
@@ -20236,6 +20277,8 @@
discussion and an example of the use of @code{\printindex}.
+
+
@node Glossaries
@section Glossaries
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