[l2h] Using a multiple-character superscript andamultiple-character subscript at the same time withanundesired horizontal displacement between them insteadofabove and below each other

Wed May 21 17:50:28 CEST 2008

Sorry, obtaining the proper arrangement of lines was more tedious than I 
described earlier for method 2. Here is how Test.html looked after making 
some further additions to it.

Contents of the file Test.html between the pair of dashed lines:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">

<html>

<head>

<title>Test base super sub

</title>

</head>

<P>

Here is some text to place on the first line with more text to come on the 
second line.<BR>

<table align="left" col="3" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">

<tr>

<td rowspan="2" align="right" nowrap="nowrap">

Okay, just as an example the half-life was 23

</td>

<td rowspan="1" align="left" valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap">

<span style="font-size:8pt">+50</span>

</td>

<td rowspan="2" align="left" nowrap="nowrap">

&nbsps. This text is to fill in the second line.

</td >

</tr>

<tr>

<td rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top" nowrap="nowrap">

<span style="font-size:8pt">&#8722</span><span 
style="font-size:8pt">35</span>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

<P style="clear:both">

Now here is the third line after placing 'style="clear:both"' within a "P" 
tag prior to <BR>

this line. This is the fourth line of text.

</html>

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Following http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/help/sutra28942.html it was 
necessary to insert the attribute 'style="clear:both"' within a "P" tag 
after the table in order to obtain the text beginning with "Now here is the 
third line.." on the third line. Also the BReak tag instead of the 
Line-Break <LB> tag provided the line-breaking function I wanted; but 
neither of them was used for the second, table-containing line. For that 
line one should just be sure not to enter too much text in the table in 
order to keep that table-containing line from looking abnormally long. Once 
text in an arrangement similar to that in Test.html above and after the 
"DOCTYPE"-containing line was inserted into a file of the form 
MyLaTeXFile.html produced by latex2html from a file of the form 
MyLaTeXFile.tex after executing the commands "latex MyLaTeXFile.tex" and 
"latex2html -nonavigation -no_math -html_version 4.01,math -split 0 
MyLaTeXFile.tex" and the file of the form MyLaTeXFile.html was opened in the 
Firefox browser, the vertical spacing between the first and second lines was 
reduced compared to in a similar situation with the file Test.html, which 
was good. In Test.html inserting at the end of the first line had no 
effect on the first-to-second-interline spacing in the 
Mozilla-Firefox-2.0.0.14 browser. Once again using that browser a blank 
space appeared at the beginning of the table-containing line when displaying 
Test.html in it.

Pat

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Lawrence Patrick Somerville" <L_Pat_S at hotmail.com>
To: <latex2html at tug.org>
Sent: Wednesday, May 21, 2008 1:17 AM
Subject: Re: [l2h] Using a multiple-character superscript 
andamultiple-character subscript at the same time withanundesired horizontal 
displacement between them insteadofabove and below each other

> According to the Internet reference
> http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-2/tb59moore.pdf, at around the
> "Figure 5" area of that reference, Professor Ross Moore explained that the
> problem with the proper positioning of multicharacter subscripts and
> superscripts lies with the browsers (as of at least sometime in May of 
> 2008,
> according to my experience) not yet being facilitated to properly render 
> the
> output in a .html (HyperText Markup Language also referred to herein as
> HTML) file produced by latex2html.
>
> METHOD 1: After considering various solutions to this problem using 
> existing
> browsers, the most convenient one I have found is outlined within
> http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/math/ by Jukka K. Korpela. I am grateful 
> for
> that Web site! The approach is to change the HTML code to accommodate the
> use of a subscript and superscript in a way similar to the notation for a
> molecular ion in chemistry. To obtain the superscript and subscript
> vertically aligned above each other, the technique in the Web site I just
> mentioned is to temporarily move the left-hand margin to the left, which 
> in
> turns moves the next-displayed text characters of the subscript to the 
> left
> in such a way as to align them vertically with the superscript characters
> which were entered before the margin was moved to the left. I made some
> slight variations in this approach in two files below, in which I also
> removed some of my ordinary, uninteresting text within the first file
> TestSpanClassIons.html:
>
> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
>
> <TITLE>TestSpanClassIons</TITLE>
>
> <html>
>
> <head>
>
> </head>
>
> <LINK REL="STYLESHEET" HREF="TestSpanClassIons.css">
>
> <P>
>
> Okay, here is some text containing <span
> class="ions">23<sup>+50</sup><sub>&minus;35</sub></span>&nbsp;s. At the 
> end
> of this is more text.
>
> </html>
>
> The file TestSpanClassIons.html requires the Cascading-Style-Sheets (.css)
> file TestSpanClassIons.css listed below to work properly:
>
> Contents of the file TestSpanClassIons.css:
>
> ions { line-height: 1.8; }
>
> ions sub { margin-left: -3ex; vertical-align: -0.8ex; }
>
> ions sup { vertical-align: 1.2ex; }
>
> In this way I could obtain for me acceptable displays of the base number
> "23," the superscript "+50", the subscript "-35", with the "+50" nearly 
> over
> the "-35", followed by the unit "s" for seconds in the browsers Internet
> Explorer 7.0.5730.13 (herein referred to as IE7), Mozilla Firefox 2.0.0.14
> (herein referred to as Firefox), and Netscape 8.1 (herein referred to as
> Netscape). I also used for the minus sign "&minus;" instead of the hyphen
> "-" in order to obtain for the minus sign a reasonable length and one 
> close
> to the length of the plus sign in "+50"
> (http://www.alanwood.net/demos/ent4_frame.html). Also I used "&nbsp;" for 
> a
> non-breaking or non-breakable space before the "s" for seconds in order to
> keep the unit "s" from being wrapped around to a new line and therefore
> separated from the numerical data (within
> http://www.myphysicslab.com/web_math.html). In IE7 there was a horizontal
> displacement of the center of "+50" very slightly to the right of the 
> center
> of "-35" when the text size in IE7 was set via "View, "Text Size, Medium" 
> to
> "Medium"; but this relative horizontal displacement seemed to disappear 
> when
> the "Text Size" was instead set to "Larger" or "Smaller". (Unfortunately I
> do not know to what number-point font sizes "Medium", "Larger", and
> "Smaller" correspond.) But one may have to look closely to even notice 
> that
> relative horizontal displacement. In this case the horizontal displacement
> appears to be font-size-related. (There might also be an even smaller
> horizontal in the opposite direction in both the Netscape and Firefox
> browsers; another possibility is that it could have to do with the 
> different
> amount of horizontal space used to display a "0" and "5"; but if such a
> horizontal displacement exists at all, it is so small that I am not 
> certain
> of it and decided not to consider it further.) In
> http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/math/ a warning was given about the effect 
> of
> a change in fonts on the relative alignment of the superscript and
> subscript. Also I noticed that the thickness of the displayed type in IE7
> was greater or blacker than in the Firefox and Netscape browsers. It is 
> also
> possible that the left-margin changes might be handled slightly 
> differently
> by the browsers. In any event in the interest of saving further time, for 
> me
> this was an acceptable discrepancy in the vertical alignment of the
> multicharacter superscript and the multicharacter subscript.
>
> METHOD 2: A second approach of my own was far less convenient than the
> method I just discussed for practical use, but produced good, relative,
> vertical alignment. The HTML code was entered into a file I called
> Test.html, which was then opened in various browsers for testing. The
> solution is in the file Test.html below, which worked satisfactorily for
> displaying a multicharacter superscript and a multicharacter subscript 
> along
> with a base number, or in this case
>
> a display at least informationally equivalent to
>
>    +50
>
> 23       s
>
>    -35
>
> in the three browsers IE7, Firefox, and Netscape.
>
> Contents of the file Test.html between the pair of long dashed lines:
>
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
>
> <html>
>
> <head>
>
> <title>Test base super sub
>
> </title>
>
> </head>
>
> <table align="left" col="3" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
>
> <tr>
>
> <td rowspan="2" align="right" nowrap="nowrap">
>
> 23
>
> </td>
>
> <td rowspan="1" align="left" valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap">
>
> <span style="font-size:8pt">+50</span>
>
> </td>
>
> <td rowspan="2" align="left" nowrap="nowrap">
>
> <span>&nbsp</span>s
>
> </td >
>
> </tr>
>
> <tr>
>
> <td rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top" nowrap="nowrap">
>
> <span style="font-size:8pt">&#8722</span><span
> style="font-size:8pt">35</span>
>
> </td>
>
> </tr>
>
> </table>
>
> </html>
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Just for the test using the file Test.html, in the final analysis it was 
> not
> necessary to use a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) in order to have an
> informationally satisfactory display in a browser. The strategy I used for
> making the above display was to make a three-column table in the HTML code
> entered into the file Test.html using a text editor. Depending on the text
> editor used at the time the file was saved on one occasion as a text file
> and on another occasion as a utf8 file, where utf8 is an encoding; but
> keeping it as a text file all the time would probably have been okay. The
> details of the rows of the table were specified within the tags <tr> and
> </tr>, for which "tr" stands for "table row." Then within a row the 
> details
> of a table data (td) cell were specified within the pair of tags <td> and
> </td>. The first column of the table is just one table cell which spans 
> two
> rows with the base number "23" located in the vertically middle,
> horizontally right portion of that table cell. The second column consists 
> of
> two separate rows. I arranged for the superscript "+50" to be placed in 
> the
> bottom, left-hand corner of the table cell in column two, row one of the
> table. I arranged for the subscript "-35" to be placed in the top, 
> left-hand
> corner of the table cell in column two, row two of the table. Then in the
> third column of the table, which like column one spans two rows, I 
> arranged
> for a space and the unit "s" as an abbreviations for seconds to be placed.
> Between a <span> and </span> pair of tags I entered "&nbsp" for a
> non-breaking space to be finally located before the "s" I earlier 
> mentioned
> (http://www.myphysicslab.com/web_math.html). The minus sign in the
> superscript was in the early stages displayed too short compared to the 
> plus
> sign in the subscript; that is it was more like a hyphen than a minus sign
> with a length equal to that of a plus sign. Using a "Courier New" font 
> style
> I was unsuccessful in increasing the length of what I wanted to be the
> length of a minus sign. In attempts to increase the length I tried using
> "&minus" for a minus sign closer in length to the length of the plus sign.
> This worked okay in the browsers Mozilla Firefox 2.0.0.14 and Netscape 
> 8.1,
> but not in Internet Explorer 7.0.5730.13 in displaying at least one of
> Test.html or the .html file produced by latex2html which included some 
> HTML
> lines of code similar to those in Test.html; in Internet Explorer
> 7.0.5730.13 "&minus35" was instead actually displayed in the failed case 
> (I
> wonder if the result would have been successful if I had instead used
> "&minus;" with a semicolon following "&minus".). But fortunately
> substituting the decimal numeric equivalent of "&minus," or "&#8722",
> allowed the subscript "-35" to be properly displayed in the
> Internet-Explorer-7.0.5730.13, Mozilla-Firefox-2.0.0.14, and Netscape-8.1
> browsers. To allow the superscript "+50" and the subscript "-35" to have
> smaller sizes than the base number "23," for only the superscript and
> subscript the font size was locally changed to an eight-point font using 
> the
> "style" option of the tag <span>.
>
> Then I took the contents of Test.html after its first line <!DOCTYPE HTML
> PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> and copied and pasted them into a file
> of the form MyLaTeXFile.html produced after executing the following two
> commands on a .tex file of the form MyLaTeXFile.tex:
>
> latex MyLaTeXFile.tex
>
> latex2html -nonavigation -no_math -html_version 4.01,math -split 0
> MyLaTeXFile.tex
>
> using version latex2html 2002-2-1 (1.70) and, if I remember correctly,
> version LaTeX2e of latex. The output file, produced by executing 
> latex2html,
> of the form MyLaTeXFile.html had as its top line the line:
>
> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
>
> which was, of course produced by latex2html; and note that "HTML 4.0
> Transitional" instead of "HTML 4.01" appears in the above "!DOCTYPE" line.
> In a "versions" folder of my latex2html 2002-2-1 installation I found the
> file html_4_01.pl which contains a line which contains "Language 
> definitions
> for HTML 4.01." However, due to a message which appeared during the
> processing by latex2html 2002-2-1 of my file of the form MyLaTeXFile.tex, 
> it
> is clear that the file html4_0.pl was instead loaded. This is consistent
> with a note I found within the file latex2html (version 2002-2-1 of it)
> stating, in effect, that only up through HTML 4.0 had been implemented
> within in it; so I suppose the file html_401.pl in the "versions" folder 
> is
> there for use in a potential later version of latex2html expected to fully
> implement HTML 4.01. Although I am not one of the developers of code for
> latex2html, unless the November, 2002 version of latex2html fully 
> implements
> HTML 4.01, something I do not know, perhaps other people might fully
> implement HTML 4.01 in a future version of latex2html.
>
> The displayed result in the three Web browsers after inputting the lines 
> of
> code following the first line in Test.html above into a file of the form
> MyLaTeXFile.html produced by latex2html 2002-2-1 was slightly better than
> the displayed result for Test.html! Imagine a baseline drawn horizontally
> through the bottom of the base number "23." In the display of Test.html in
> the three browsers that imaginary line passed slightly above the whole
> subscript "-35." But in displaying the file of the form MyLaTeXFile.html
> that imaginary line passed through the upper part of the subscript, 
> relative
> placement I prefer. So there must be some additional latex2html-produced
> code in one or both of the files of the form MyLaTeXFile.html and/or
> MyLaTeXFile.css which improved that relative placement.
>
> A minor nuance was that in Internet Explorer 7.0.5730.13 the base number
> "23" and "s" were of slightly thicker "type" than for the smaller
> superscript "+50" and subscript "-35"; on the other hand, in both the
> Mozilla-Firefox-2.0.0.14 and Netscape-8.1 browsers the thickness of the 
> type
> for all of the base number, superscript, and subscript appeared to be
> uniformly the same.
>
> In the general situation to accommodate the use of this method within real
> sentences it is necessary to add some text before the base number, for
> example, "The half-life was 23" to replace "23" and then following the 
> unit
> "s" to have, say "s. This was the result obtained. Then there could be 
> more
> text here." To keep from having lots of empty space in one or more lines 
> or
> else too long a line of text containing a table of the form I have been
> discussing, it would be good to format the whole paragraph containing such 
> a
> superscript-subscript-base-number combination with <LB> for Line Break or
> <BR> for BReak after a desired number of characters per line. Even so 
> there
> is a minor undesirable effect with this method in that the Firefox and
> Netscape browsers placed a blank space at the beginning of the line
> containing the table, whereas IE7 did not. There is also a future 
> potential
> problem with method 2 in that <table align="left"> has been deprecated
> (http://www.htmlcode.tutorial.com/help/sutra28942,html), which according 
> to
> http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071229144030AApZqWi means 
> that
> the "table" attribute align="left" is still supported in apparently HTML
> 4.01, but is on its way to becoming obsolete in some future version of 
> XHTML
> or HTML (perhaps in XHTML, eXtensible HTML). Also there should be a <BR/>
> placed in an HTML file using <BR> in order to be compatible with XHTML in
> the future (http://www.w3schools.com/html/hhtml_primary.asp).
>
> ----
>
> In spite of the sometimes better alignment that may have been achieved 
> using
> method 2 compared to using method 1, for practical use I decided to use
> method 1 for its brevity, especially since it does not require setting the
> line lengths for a paragraph containing the base number, multicharacter
> superscript, multicharacter subscript, and following unit. I learned in 
> the
> course of my Internet study that HyperText Markup Language is not a 
> computer
> language like C++ or FORTRAN, but rather a system
> (http://webmaster.com/webpage.htm) of terms which people have apparently
> accepted as having specific meanings for the display of a Web page. It
> appears that people with an understanding of the agreed meanings of those
> terms have designed Web-browser software to implement those meanings in 
> the
> displays of things on Web pages. Thus there is apparently no HTML code per
> se to be found for an HTML tag like, for example <SPAN>. Rather browser
> programs on reading such an instruction apparently have been written by
> human beings to implement the instruction <SPAN> according to the meaning 
> of
> it agreed to by human beings.
>
> I can imagine another general way to achieve the goal of obtaining good
> relative placement for a base number, supercript, and subscript, even 
> though
> I haven't tried all parts of the following thinking. For example, one 
> could
> first print on paper the relative arrangement of the base, superscript, 
> and
> subscript one wants. This could be done by after executing a command of 
> the
> form "latex MyLaTeXFile.tex" to print the resulting file with a name of 
> the
> form "MyLaTeXFile.dvi"; or in a different and text file one could use a 
> text
> editor which allows superscripts and subscripts to produce the relative
> arrangement one desires. Either way one could then scan the printed output
> on paper to make a scanned image file of it; using appropriate converter
> software then one could hopefully convert that image to one latex2html 
> could
> be used to conveniently handle as a figure, such as one contained in an
> Encapsulated Post Script (.eps) or Portable Network Graphics (.png) file.
> Except for the equation number this could work for such an arrangement set
> outside of lines of text like an equation would be. Since making in-line
> mathematical expressions and portions of equations as .png figures is how 
> I
> have used a latex2html command, it ought to be possible to make .png,
> in-line images from originally scanned files after their conversion to 
> .png
> images. This assumes that (a) converter program(s) exist(s) to convert the
> scanned image file into a .png file, even if this has to be done in two
> steps with two different computer programs.
>
> I should mention that I also pursued a third method of using <table
> class="fraction"...> using a transparent fraction line. This worked
> satisfactorily to display the base number in place of something like "x=",
> the superscript in place of the numerator of the fraction, and the 
> subscript
> in place of the denominator of the fraction. But I had difficulty 
> obtaining
> the proper placement of the subsequent unit, for example "s" on the 
> baseline
> of the base number, which in the example here is "23". Had I pursued that
> method further, perhaps there may have been problems conveniently placing
> the whole thing within a paragraph which might have required special
> attention to line lengths in the containing paragraph, similar to using
> <table> without using the "fraction" attribute.
>
> I also attempted to solve the relative placement problem using Javascript
> code. But the successive use of subscript and superscript commands 
> resulted
> in a horizontal separation of the displayed superscript and subscript,
> rather than having them one over the other as I desired. Aside from the
> prior thinking in these last three paragraphs, I am grateful for help to
> have found a couple of methods which worked satisfactorily for me with
> method 1 I expect to be the one of the two requiring the smaller amount of
> time for practical use.
>
> Pat
>
>
> Internet references, to some of which I did not explicitly refer in the
> above text:
>
> 1. http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-2/tb59moore.pdf
>
> 2. http://www.myphysicslab.com/web_math.html
>
> 3. http://www.htmlhelp.com/references/css/quick-tutorial.html
>
> 4. http://www.htmlhelp.com/references/css/style-html.html
>
> 5. http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum/12375.html
>
> 6.
> http://htmlhelp.com/references/html/tutorials/html_401/article.php/3479661
>
> 7.
> http://htmlhelp.com/references/html/tutorials/html40/entities/symbols.html
>
> 8. http://htmlhelp.com/references/html/tutorials/html40/tables/
>
> 9. http://htmlhelp.com/references/html/tutorials/html40/special/font.html
>
> 10.
> http://www.sfr-fresh.com/unix/www/latex2html-2002-2-1.tar.gz:a/latex2html-2002-2-1/versions/html4_1
>
> 11. http://www.alanwood.net/demos/ent4_frame.html
>
> 12. http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/math/index.html
>
> 13. http://www.w3schools.com/html/hhtml_primary.asp
>
> 14. http://www.htmlcode.tutorial.com/help/sutra28942,html
>
> 15. http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071229144030AApZqWi
>
> ----- Original Message ----- 
> From: "Lawrence Patrick Somerville" <L_Pat_S at hotmail.com>
> To: <latex2html at tug.org>
> Sent: Thursday, May 15, 2008 3:10 AM
> Subject: [l2h] Using a multiple-character superscript and
> amultiple-character subscript at the same time with anundesired horizontal
> displacement between them instead ofabove and below each other
>
>
>> Hi.  I am using latex2html version 2002-2-1 (also called version 1.70).
>> I
>> tried something similar to these examples of LaTeX commands in a .tex,
>> LaTeX
>> file:
>>
>> $23_{-35}^{+50}$s
>>
>> \begin{equation}
>> \[ 23_{-35}^{+50}s\]    (or perhaps \[23_{-35}^{+50}\]s )
>> \end{equation}
>>
>> \begin{equation}
>> 23_{-35}^{+50}s
>> \end{equation}
>>
>>  The result for something similar to probably one of the above, middle
>> examples looked okay with the equivalent of the "+50" right above the
>> "-35"
>> in the .dvi file of the form MyLaTeXFile.dvi generated by a command of 
>> the
>> form ''latex MyLaTeXFile.tex" when viewed with the  KDVI-Viewer program.
>>
>> But after generating a file with a name of the form MyLaTeXFile.html with
>> a
>> command of the form
>>
>> latex2html -nonavigation -no_math -html_version 3.2,math -split 0
>> MyLaTeXFile.tex
>>
>> with a different, .tex file name than MyLaTeXFile.tex, I viewed the file
>> with the name of the form MyLaTeXFile.html in four Web browsers: Netscape
>> 8.1, Internet Explorer 7.0.5730.13, Mozilla Firefox 2.0.0.14, and I think
>> a
>> much older version of the Firefox browser; regarding the horizontal
>> alignment with the .html file the result was always something similar to
>> the
>> following:
>>
>>          +50
>> 23            s
>>    -35
>>
>> (In the above example pay little attention to the vertical alignment and 
>> a
>> lot of attention to the relative horizontal alignment.  In my example
>> above
>> I know that the vertical spacings between the superscript "+50" and base
>> number "23" and between the subscript "-35" and base number "23" are too
>> large.).   That is there was an undesired horizontal displacement between
>> the "-35" and the "+50" rather than having these sets of characters
>> vertically aligned one right above the other as I wanted.  Note that both
>> the superscript and subscript in this example consist of multiple
>> characters
>> with the necessity that each of these two sets of characters be enclosed
>> within a pair of braces, as in {-35}.  Such a horizontal displacement was
>> observed in all four browsers using one of the middle examples.  It was
>> also
>> observed with the first, one of the second, and the third above examples
>> of
>> LaTeX command sequences in the old Firefox or Konqueror browsers,
>> depending
>> on which browser I was using at the time of the test of three of the
>> above,
>> four, LaTeX command sequences.  The above horizontal displacement is
>> rather
>> what I would expect with a different command of something like
>> $23_{-35}{}^{+50}$s in which I understand the {} is supposed to introduce
>> such a horizontal displacement between in this example the "-35" and the
>> "+50."  What LaTeX command do I need to type, including a possible
>> "workaround" solution, in order to have the superscript and subscript in
>> line right above each other, more like this (Again pay little attention 
>> to
>> the vertical alignment and a lot of attention to the relative horizontal
>> alignment I desire.):
>>
>>    +50
>> 23      s
>>    -35
>>
>> ?  Is it necessary to change the font size of and/or use the "\mbox"
>> command
>> on the characters in the superscript and subscript in order to avoid a
>> vertical "collision" between the characters in the superscript and
>> subscript?  Or must I type a different latex2html command than I used
>> above
>> in order to achieve the horizontal alignment I desire?  Or must a new
>> version of latex2html be used and/or made to fix this problem?  In 
>> nuclear
>> science this sort of thing is useful in citing half-lives with asymmetric
>> error limits as in the above example, but with probably one more space
>> before the "s" for "seconds," and in symbols for nuclear isotopes like
>>
>> 130
>>      Ba
>>  56
>>
>> when one wants to display both the atomic number, which in this case is 
>> 56
>> for the element barium with the chemical symbol "Ba," and the mass number
>> or
>> number of neutrons and protons, which in this case is 130, of an isotope.
>> Thanks in advance for your help.
>>
>> Pat
>>
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